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Why do some people like adventure?

This is related to a substance called dopamine in the human brain. Dopamine is a substance that can make people happy. The brain secretes this substance At this time, people will feel happy.

A dangerous state will make people in a state of high alertness and excitement, and more dopamine will be secreted at this time. Adventure will make people feel happier than usual. This is why The reason why so many people go on adventures.

Adventure is an act of conquering nature, but it requires you to fully understand nature and have the ability to conquer it. A successful adventure can build strong self-confidence, because adventure is often difficult to do Exploration can experience the insignificance of human beings and cherish life. Exploration is also a kind of exploration, which is the difference between humans and animals. If humans do not have this spirit, it is impossible to evolve into humans.

In the long history of mankind, there are 6 magical explorers. Their explorations may have changed the entire world!

From today's perspective, these little stories and those terrible experiences are more like a series (some of them have indeed been made into movies or TV): whether on the rough sea, or In the dry and hot desert, these six fearless explorers bravely faced everything and finally discovered places on the earth that no one knew existed.

If you think they are nothing special - just someone fighting a lion, someone swallowing a mouse... then if you have the guts, go and explore! ...

Ponce de Leon: Discovered the "Land of Sunshine"

Expedition Result: Discovery of Florida

Time: 1513...

There was once a legend that there was a spring called the Fountain of Youth. The first person to taste the Fountain of Youth would gain wealth, fame and the chance to be young again. But the problem is, no one knows where this legendary spring is.

Spanish explorer Pons de Leon set sail from South America and went all the way to Turkey Island and San Salvador Island, but could not find it. Although Pons did not find the Fountain of Youth, he did gain wealth and fame as the first European to set foot on this land and name it "Pascua Florida" (what we call Florida today) .

Marco Polo: Entering China

Expedition results: One of the first Europeans to investigate China

Time: Began in 1271

In the Middle Ages, when other friends were still addicted to the game of marbles, Marco Polo's father and uncle asked him if he wanted to travel with them on horseback from Italy to China. Now, let’s take a look at the truly incredible thing: this adventurous 17-year-old boy agreed without hesitation!

Marco said that during the trip, he seemed to hear the call of death in the desert. However, when he arrived at the huge and glorious Yuan Dadu (the capital of the Yuan Dynasty), he felt that it was all worth it. Because everything is so magical: paper (money) that can be used to buy things, colorful tattoos, rhinos that look like mythical unicorns...

Marco wrote a very popular book about this trip book "The Travels of Marco Polo". Later, it was this book that aroused the adventurous spirit of another Italian youth: Christopher Columbus.

Ferdinand Magellan: Traveling Around the World

Expedition Result: The First Voyage Around the World

Time: Began in 1519

< p>In the time of Ferdinand Magellan, people believed that the earth was round, but no one traveled around the world to prove this fact. Therefore, it became Magellan's unshirkable responsibility to prove the shape of the earth.

A terrible storm nearly destroyed his fleet. Due to food shortages, he and his team members had to eat rats on the ship to satisfy their hunger. Three years later, only five ships successfully reached the finish line. It was these ships that brought back the first group of warriors to sail around the world.

David Livingston: "Breaking" into Africa

Expedition results: the first expedition to Central Africa

Time: 1841 to 1873

For Scottish doctor and missionary David Livingston, traveling through the deserts, rainforests and barren mountains of Africa meant realizing his own dream. He fought a lion and nearly lost an arm; he discovered one of the world's largest waterfalls and named it Victoria after the Queen of England.

He lost his sight while searching for the source of the Nile. Five years later, journalist Henry Stein found Dr. Livingston in front of a small hut and put forward the famous slogan: "Dr. Livingston, I want to do it!" This slogan inspired countless people Later explorers.

Robert Peary: Reaching the North Pole

Expedition Result: First to reach the North Pole

Time: 1909

Robert Peary and His trusted partner Mather Hansen (another talented explorer) and four other team members headed north together.

On the way to the North Pole, they eradicated 15-meter-high ice peaks, endured extremely cold weather, and encountered endless fog - the fog seemed to be the black smoke rising from the burning North American prairie.

When they finally arrived at the North Pole, the ragged Peary was so excited that he waved the American flag sewn by his wife and truly felt that he was standing on top of the world.

Rod Amundsen: Reaching the South Pole

Expedition results: The first to reach the South Pole

Time: 1911

On the way to the North Pole During the voyage, Rod Amundsen suddenly decided to go to Antarctica. Because he believes that it is "cooler" to be the first person to reach Antarctica than to explore the land that has been developed. "I will defeat you there!" Amundsen passed the news to his competitor, the explorer Robert Scott, who was on his way to the Antarctic.

In the coldest place in the world, Amundsen relied on dogs to drag the sled across the snow-covered wasteland. It turned out to be a brilliant idea. Because Scott chose a pony as a means of transportation, but the result was terrible, as the horse's hooves kept slipping on the snow. In the end, Amundsen reached the South Pole four weeks before Scott.

Christopher Columbus (145l-1506) was a famous Spanish navigator and a pioneer of geographical discovery. When Columbus was young, he was a believer in the theory of a round earth. He highly admired Marco, who had served as a prisoner in Genoa. Polo, determined to be a navigator.

He crossed the Atlantic four times from 1492 to 1502 and discovered the American continent, and he became a famous navigator in history.

Columbus was an Italian who loved sailing adventures since childhood. He had read "The Travels of Marco Polo" and wanted to go to India and China very much. At that time, the theory of a round earth was already very popular, and Columbus was convinced of it. He successively requested funding from the kings of Portugal, Spain, England, France and other countries to realize his plan to sail westward to reach eastern countries, but was rejected. On the one hand, the theory of the round earth is not yet complete, and many people do not believe it and regard Columbus as a charlatan. Once, at a special review committee on the Columbus Plan in Spain, a committee member asked Columbus: Even if the earth is round and sailing westward can reach the east and return to the port of departure, then one part of the voyage must be climbing up from below the earth. Slope, how can a sailboat climb up? On this issue, Columbus, who was eloquent and eloquent, was at a loss for words. On the other hand, at that time, Western countries' demand for Eastern material wealth was not only traditional silk, porcelain, and tea, but the most important ones were spices and gold. Among them, spices are indispensable materials for Europeans' daily life and cooking. They are in great demand but are not produced locally. At that time, these commodities were mainly transported via traditional sea and land transport routes. Vested interests in these commodities also strongly opposed Columbus's plan to open a new sea route. Columbus lobbied for more than ten years to realize his plan. It was not until 1492 that the Spanish Queen recognized heroes. She persuaded the king and even used her own private money to fund Columbus, so that Columbus' plan could be implemented.

On August 3, 1492, Columbus was dispatched by the King of Spain, carrying letters of credence to the Indian monarch and the Chinese Emperor, and led three sailing ships of more than 100 tons to sail out of the Atlantic Ocean from the Spanish port of Barros. , sailing straight west. After seventy days and nights of arduous sailing, land was finally discovered in the early morning of October 12, 1492. Columbus thought he had reached India. It was later learned that the land Columbus landed on belonged to the Bahamas Islands in what is now the Palestinian Sea in Central America. He named it San Salvador at the time.

On March 15, 1493, Columbus returned to Spain. He then repeated his westward voyage three times and landed on many coasts of America. Until his death in 1506, he believed he had arrived in India. Later, an Italian scholar named Amerigo, after more investigation, realized that the places Columbus arrived were not India, but a new continent that was previously unknown. Columbus discovered the New World. However, this continent was named after the person who confirmed that it was the New World: America.

Later, there were various criticisms about who was the first to discover America. The conclusion that Columbus discovered the New World is beyond doubt. This is because at that time, people in Europe and even the entire old continent of Asia and Africa did not know that there was this continent on the other side of the Atlantic. As for who arrived in the Americas first, that is another question, because the Native Americans themselves migrated from Asia in ancient times. It is extremely possible that the ancestors of China and Oceania sailed to the Americas, but none of these can change the fact that Columbus discovered the New World.

Columbus's voyage was the beginning of the Age of Discovery. The opening of new shipping routes changed the course of world history. It shifted overseas trade routes from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic coast. Since then, the West finally emerged from the darkness of the Middle Ages and began to rise in the world with an unstoppable trend. In the following centuries, it achieved maritime hegemony. A brand-new industrial civilization has become the mainstream of world economic development.

The meaning of adventure can be referred to the meaning of wilderness travel

1. Life lies in movement

Life lies in movement, and movement makes people evergreen. This is a well-known truth.

This is especially meaningful for the "work bugs" (a term given to people who only work but not for leisure) who have lived in cities for a long time and the white-collar workers who have been engaged in mental work for a long time. Everyone agrees on the health-care effects of some regular sports activities, such as playing basketball, table tennis, running, swimming, etc. Taking advantage of vacations to travel and hike in the mountains can also play a role in fitness. The former is less limited by time and space, but its activities are relatively simple; while the latter has certain requirements and conditions for time and funds, but its benefits are incomparable to the former. Of course, being active in many forms of exercise is something to be strongly encouraged. Outdoor travel is a cultural and sports activity in a comprehensive sense. Sports are reflected in the fact that we have to practice sports, mountain climbing, and do various chores that are rarely done in daily life. Cultural activities are even richer and can It is said that sports activities are the carrier, while cultural activities are the content in a higher sense.

2. Return to nature

With the high modernization of urban life, people are further away from nature. Everything they come into contact with in life are man-made objects. People live in concrete jungles instead of forests, which are everywhere. The most serious ones are man-made radio waves, electro-sounds, electro-optics and the smell of man-made items. What is even more serious is the by-product of human civilization - the seriousness of industrial and domestic pollution. The human body is a natural thing, but people live in an environment of unnatural things. The impact of long-term separation from contact with nature on human health has long been verified. Therefore, returning to nature has become a widespread concept in the world in recent years. For the rising trend of thought, go to nature and feel the natural magnetic field, beautiful natural sounds, fresh air, clean water, warm sunshine, gentle moonlight, etc. Only by going to nature often can we live like a child of nature rather than a robot.

3. Increase knowledge

When traveling, we must leave our familiar environment and come into contact with new things and environments voluntarily or unwillingly. This enriches our life experience and increases our knowledge. You may have gained some knowledge from books, movies and TV shows, but if you don’t take action for yourself, you will always only have a superficial understanding. The ancients said: "Read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles" and "If you know something, you must do it". This is the truth. Moreover, there is a lot of knowledge and experience that cannot be obtained or learned from books. Isn't it a great thing that we have increased our knowledge and enriched our life experiences during travel? Only by having a rich life can we not waste our life in vain, and only then can we have "material" that we can brag to future generations. I can't reach the age of whiteness and still don't know that the fungus grows from rotten wood.

4. Relax physically and mentally

In our modern life, driven by survival and development, people are always busy for their livelihood. The fast-paced and efficient modern life puts a high degree of stress on people's nerves and life. . Living like this for a long time, people's vision becomes shallow, their psychology develops abnormally, and their bodies are susceptible to various modern urban syndromes, and their health conditions deteriorate. People desire a complete physical and mental relaxation and maintain a healthy psychological state. Although there are many similar industries in the city that serve this purpose, such as saunas, various massages and some recreational sports, etc., they are mostly superficial and temporary relaxation, treating the symptoms but not the inside. The best way to truly relax your body and mind and adjust your mind is to go back to nature, stand on the top of a mountain, look out over the world, and feel "the clouds are rising in your chest, and you can embrace all the small mountains". The feeling that arises spontaneously should be broad. , the worldly disputes, fame and wealth, honor and disgrace, etc. will become indifferent, and you will realize what "indifferent" is, what "doing nothing, doing everything", and what kind of life and outlook on life can maintain a true When the self reaches this state, it is in the essential sense that the body and mind are relaxed and the world is optimistic. When you return to the city, you will smile more and worry less. Of course, when we fall into the embrace of nature, we do not mean to escape from all the troubles in the city. We should actively adjust ourselves, understand ourselves, transform ourselves, and draw new ideas and new energy from nature. It is more meaningful to invest in the times and life. in the pace.

5. Make friends

Traveling alone has its own unique meaning, but traveling with some like-minded friends is even more meaningful. Most travel partners are not colleagues or classmates who get along day and night, but people with similar interests from different units. This not only provides a good opportunity to make friends and expand one's social circle, but also through this opportunity Exchange and discuss various issues and information of mutual interest. Since everyone always wears a "mask" in their daily work, once they are in an environment where there is no stake, they will open up to each other and get along with each other without restraint, and the true feelings and true colors will naturally be revealed. In such an environment The friends we make are always long-lasting and sincere. If you go through a relatively arduous field trip, in the process of helping each other and overcoming various difficulties together, the spark of friendship and even the spark of love will burst out. Various "Lushan Love" and "Huangshan Love" will be "staged".

Of course, there may be a few people with various "problems" who join in and become the "sparks" of disharmony during the trip. We should try our best to help them improve. Of course, if they are "obsessed", we have to ask He went to see a psychiatrist.

6． Cultivation of sentiments

When we travel with the desire to return to nature, visit nature, get close to nature, make friends, exercise our body, and increase our knowledge, it is also a matter of cultivating our sentiments and cultivating our taste. This is self-evident. metaphorical. The ancients said: "The benevolent are happy with their mountains, and the wise are happy with their waters." Using mountains and rivers to cultivate emotions has long been a life pursuit of the ancients. This is what the ancients did, and people today should carry it forward even more.

7. The ability to survive

People who live in cities cannot just adapt to life in the city. Once they go to the wild, they are at a loss. They don’t know edible plants, they don’t know how to make fire on the spot, and they don’t know how to cook their own meals. Identify directions, etc. If you don't have these knowledge that a natural person should have, once you leave the familiar life in the city and go to the wilderness, no matter you have gold or silver, you will face a real survival problem. The fittest will survive, and the unfit will perish. In foreign countries, wilderness survival education is relatively common, and some have courses in elementary schools. Therefore, this book introduces some knowledge about wilderness travel and survival. On the basis of learning, frequent outdoor activities will help you develop the skills to survive in the wild. Once it happens, you will be able to cope with it easily if you are placed in a helpless environment in the wilderness. No one can guarantee that such a situation will not happen in his life.

8. Observe the national conditions

In our country, there will be a large gap between urban and rural areas for a long period of time. As people living in the city, we should not only see the environment in which we live, but have no perceptual understanding of the lives of our fellow farmers in the countryside. It is impossible to understand our country's national conditions without understanding the countryside. Our country is a large agricultural country, with 90% of the population in rural areas, and there are still many rural people who have not yet solved the problem of food and clothing, and their living conditions are still very poor. As a Chinese, it is very important to understand our national conditions. Whether you work in a government department or in a company, without a correct concept of national conditions, you cannot make correct government decisions and business operations. To understand the national conditions, it is impossible to go to rural areas, especially some poor rural areas. Therefore, when we travel to wild mountain villages, we cannot just care about our own travel life. It is a bad thing to not enter a village when we are there, to visit a village without visiting, to be so far away from our farmer brothers and to be speechless. It is a bad thing. In fact, this is just something you do along the way, and you will gain a better understanding of the national conditions and people's sentiments, as well as some unexpected gains. If we can let our children travel together to understand and understand our national conditions, especially in rural areas that are still on the poverty line, we may not need to teach them how to work hard and live frugally with a big bang.

Section 2 The fun of traveling in the wild

1. Landscape Aesthetics

One of the great purposes of traveling in the wild is to experience and understand the beauty of nature. This is not only the meaning of traveling in the wild, but also one of its greatest pleasures. Nature is full of various "elements" of beauty. Learning to understand the beauty of nature is a high-level gain from traveling in the wild. If summarized, the "elements" of natural beauty have the following aspects:

Form beauty: All things in nature have their own unique forms, lines, shapes, etc., and they constitute the totality of different natural classifications. form. Such as mountains, hills, canyons, rivers, Gobi, etc.

Beauty of colors: The colors of all things in nature are ever-changing and colorful: colorful neons, green fields, flowers of different colors, blue rivers, etc. The colors of all things in nature are not only rich and colorful, but also constantly changing. This is something we cannot see in the city.

Beautiful sounds: the thrilling sound of thunder and lightning, the worrying sound of raindrops, the sound of waterfalls with thousands of horses galloping, pine waves, water flow, birds singing, monkeys chirping, autumn insects chirping and other sounds. Without these wonderful natural sounds , it is difficult to imagine what kind of world humans will live in.

Dynamic beauty: surging winds, rising tides, changing sun and moon, waterfalls, etc., especially people’s favorite sunrises, sunsets, rapids and waterfalls, etc. These are the dynamic beauty of nature.

2． Observe and understand living creatures

Understanding and appreciating various living creatures not only enriches our natural knowledge, but is also a form of natural aesthetic appreciation. There's a lot of fun in this. From the classification point of view, we should know what animals and plants are; what are mammals, birds, insects, what are reptiles, aquatic animals, etc. What are their characteristics, how to distinguish them, etc. We will appreciate the various beauties of living things from contact and viewing, and feel endless fun from them.

3． Harvest the gifts of nature

When traveling in nature, as long as we pay attention, we will find many natural things worth collecting and collecting: various tree roots, crystal clear rainstones, and leaves of different shapes , and even precious Chinese herbal medicines, strange stones, antiquities, etc. These gifts of nature and history can be obtained with just a little effort. When we take them home, we can not only taste and reminisce about them, but also tell our friends what we have gained.

4. An appreciation of folk customs

Our country is a multi-ethnic country, with 56 ethnic groups each having their own unique national customs, festivals and customs. Many festivals and customs are the envy of us. To appreciate the rich national culture and customs of various ethnic groups, we can only truly come into contact with them when we go out of the city and go to the countryside and ethnic villages. Understanding the various ethnic groups in our country is not only an important part of travel, but also an understanding of national conditions. It is also one of the joys of outdoor travel.

5． Thrilling and exciting feelings

After living in the city for a long time, we will feel the dullness and vulgarity of life. It must be terrible if people's lives always go on like this. Of course, we can also feel it from entertainment activities such as movies and television. Some poor stimulation, but it can never be compared to experiencing nature. In nature we can experience all kinds of thrills and excitement. You will experience a variety of thrills through cave exploration, canyon hiking, mountain climbing, jungle exploration, river rafting, bungee jumping, diving exploration, rock climbing and other outdoor activities.

6． The source of literary and artistic creation

Literary and artistic works handed down from generation to generation must come from life. Good literary and artistic works cannot be written behind closed doors. This is true for literary writing, and even more so for art and photography creation. Traveling to rural areas and ethnic areas, paying attention to and understanding their lives, can accumulate material for writing. Music students can collect valuable musical materials from rural areas and fellow ethnic groups. Friends who love art and photography have a lot to gain. Most of the award-winning art and photography works come from nature and rural areas. They are rewards for creators who are deeply involved in life.

The fun and meaning of travel should be far more than this. As long as we face everything we will encounter with love, sincerity and curiosity, you will find the deeper meaning and natural beauty of life. Charm, take action! After all, the time to return to nature has arrived.