Translation and Appreciation of Seven Military Poems

Wang Changling

There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan.

Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned.

To annotate ...

1, joining the army: an old topic in Yuefu, mostly about military war.

2. Qinghai: Qinghai Lake.

3. Snow Mountain: This refers to Qilian Mountain in Gansu Province.

4, wear: worn out.

5, gold armor: combat clothing, metal armor.

6. Loulan: The name of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty generally refers to the pirates who harassed the northwest frontier at that time.

7. Ancient City: It is a city in Qinghai. Speaking of isolated city, it is Yumen Pass.

8. Yumenguan: The establishment of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was named after the jade introduced from the Western Regions. Therefore, it is located in Xiaofang City in the northwest of Dunhuang, Gansu. During the Six Dynasties, the site moved eastward to the vicinity of Shuangta Fort in Anxi.

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Clouds over Qinghai darkened the snow-capped mountains and stood in the lonely city overlooking Yumen Pass in the distance. The Great Wall has worn out its helmet and armor in many battles, and it will never come back until it defeats the enemies in the west.

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The "Qinghai" in the Tang poem "Seven Joining the Army" (the fourth one) refers to the present Qinghai Lake area; Among them, "wearing" means wearing out; Among them, "Loulan" refers to the name of the western regions in the Han Dynasty, and here refers to foreign invaders.

This Tang poem "Seven Joining the Army" (the fourth one) means that the sky over Qinghai is overcast, the desert thousands of miles away is yellow and the snow is bleak. Standing at the head of the guarding city, only the standing Yumen Pass is faintly visible. The desolation of the frontier fortress left the soldiers alone, and frequent fierce fighting had worn out their armor. Some people are injured, some people are dead, but they are not afraid, and they do not flinch. "Never go home until you defeat the enemy!" It's their oath.

Expanding reading: overall appreciation

The first poem is mainly about the strong homesickness and affection of the soldiers guarding the border. The first two sentences are both narrative and scenery, but they contain feelings. The "100-foot building" stands out from the crowd in the desert Gobi, and it is endless, and it is also the "twilight alone" in autumn. The "sea breeze" is chilly and has the feeling of being empty and hating Taiwan. In the third sentence, I heard "Qiangdi" playing the famous song "Guan Shanyue", describing the suffering of defense and writing out my feelings with my voice. The first sentence was crowned with the word "Geng", which made the protagonist's homesickness even more unbearable, so I forced out the last sentence: "Mrs. Jin is worried about Wan Li." The beauty of this conclusion is that it not only moved from the scene to the emotion without trace, but also reflected the feelings of missing their loved ones thousands of miles away and their deep affection for each other. Although this poem is sad, it combines scenery with emotion and has a magnificent realm. In the poet's works, the "100-foot" tall building, the distant "sea breeze", "Wan Li" and "Guanshan" are full of sadness, which fully embodies the great tension and strong appeal of the protagonist's sadness.

The second poem also wrote the grievances of the frontier fortress soldiers who left their hometown, but the last sentence ended in rhetoric, showing the magnanimous mind of the frontier fortress soldiers who were loyal and brave to serve the country. I was extremely sad when I wrote the first three sentences. With the change of dance, Pipa Xing has played a new tune, but no matter how it changes, in the eyes of people full of homesickness and sadness, it is always playing the sad tune of Guanshan, which only increases the chaotic "sadness" and "endless" feelings. At this point in the poem, I have said everything on my mind and can't help it. There is no room to dig deep into my worries. How to tie a knot is more about skill. Wang Changling deserves to be called the "seven unique skills". In the conclusion, he used a strange pen and made a strange sound. With the magnificent scenery of "high autumn and bright moon shining on the Great Wall", he put aside his rich worries about the border and turned out his luxurious feelings. Although this sentence is a landscape language, the poet loves the scenery. He looks at the magnificent rivers and mountains of the Great Wall in Wan Li under the broad background of autumn wind and bright moon, so that the recruiter can realize his sacred duty of defending the rivers and mountains from his love, not to mention his personal "worry about the border", and let his lofty feelings of loyalty, courage and patriotism be perfectly reflected in the display of the magnificent scenery. This poem is novel in conception and twists and turns. The first three sentences and the last sentence are a big turn, in which "new voice" and "old love" are a small turn, and the word "total" is strong and vivid. This not only makes the whimsy of poetry emerge one after another, but also shows the artistic characteristics of the poet's "dense and clear thinking" (The Biography of Wang Changling in the New Tang Dynasty).

The third poem depicts the desolate ancient battlefield scene, shows the poet's war against excessive opening of the border, and expresses deep sympathy for the tragic situation of the broad masses of foot soldiers. The first two sentences use "elm leaves are early yellow" to write about the cold outside the Great Wall. The word "jujube" highlights the difference in phenology between the Great Wall and the mainland. The leaves of elms in the mainland are still green, but the "dates" outside the Great Wall have withered and withered. In addition, the gloomy sunset and the rendering of the tragic battlefield scene filled with clouds of yellow sand reflected the tragic situation at that time and the great sacrifice of foot soldiers. Therefore, three or four sentences request to withdraw troops and cover up the bones, "not teaching soldiers" to make unnecessary sacrifices in the distant "dragon shortage" land. The word "dragon famine" has profound implications, indicating that the battlefield has gone deep into thousands of miles, far beyond the scope of self-defense. It can be seen that his attitude against the frontier war and the spirit of humanitarian care are distinct and strong, and his feelings are sincere and sad. The first two sentences of this poem describe the scenery and are full of emotion; The last two sentences are reasonable, but the vivid plot of "hiding the bones from the dust" and "crying for hunger" makes the argument against opening the border seem justified and well-founded, and the poet's love also flows out, thus reaching the realm of "both reasonable and meaningful" (Zhou Wei's "A Comprehensive Review of the Tang Poetry Selection Meeting").

The fourth poem expresses the heroic feelings of swearing to serve the country by describing the vast battlefield scene and fierce fighting life outside the Great Wall. The first two sentences use geographical names and magnificent images to outline the magnificent frontier fortress scenes far from the Great Wall, such as Qinghai, Changyun, Snow Mountain and Yumenguan. Among them, the words "darkness", "lonely city" and "overlooking" are used to point out the vast and desolate geographical features of the Great Wall, which makes it easy for people to feel a sense of sadness. The third sentence is "yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles", and the language is extremely concise and vigorous. The harsh environment of desert sand and the tragic experience of "winning every battle", the hardships of "Golden Armor" not only make the hero's fighting spirit depressed, but also make his fighting spirit stronger and higher. Therefore, the fourth sentence ends with the heroic oath of "never breaking Loulan and never returning it", which is natural and full of brilliance. This poem contrasts the true colors of heroes with the cold of the battlefield and the hardships of the expedition, which is vivid and vivid. It is one of the outstanding representatives of "the weather in the prosperous Tang Dynasty" to drive high-spirited and heroic feelings with the vast and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall.

The fifth song is about the process of Tang Jun's going through customs at night to kill the enemy, praising Tang Jun's invincible reputation. The first sentence is about scenery. "Desert dust" covers the sky, so it is "faint" and dark. This vast scene not only shows the harsh climate of the battlefield, but also sets off the urgency of the military situation. The second sentence was written by someone. In this flying sand and stones, Tang Jun is not afraid of fierce sandstorms. The "half-rolled red flag", like a sandstorm, blows in all directions, making it difficult to fully unfold the flag and its image is very vivid. The wonder of poetry suddenly turns in the third sentence, and the poet puts down the journey of running against the wind and jumps into the battle of "the former army fought the Taohe River at night, and it is reported that it has been captured alive". The result was clean and unexpected. So far, we can see that the first two sentences are about reinforcements, while the poet is writing about the fighting spirit of reinforcements, with "fighting the enemy at night" and "capturing the enemy alive" as the first purpose. Although the third and fourth sentences are written on the side, the first two sentences set off the image of the former army, showing high morale, fierce fighting and decisive battle. Compressing a big war into a quatrain, written so fiercely, so swaying, so profound, is really worthy of being called "the tune of the Millennium" (Hu Yinglin's Poems, Volume 6).

The sixth poem eulogizes the heroism and invincibility of soldiers in the Tang Dynasty by describing a hero who fought in Wan Li, lived up to his mission and succeeded in World War I. The first sentence outlines the image of a general with a bottle on his shoulder and a horse riding. Although the second sentence is a scene, people are in the scene. Under the light of a round of "autumn moon", the general wandered in the distant "Broken Leaf West", the sky was blue, the moonlight was shining, and he was somewhat leisurely. The atmosphere in the third sentence turned sharply, and the imperial edict of the emperor's expedition and the "sword on the side" that granted military power were sent to the front like meteors. The fourth sentence is about politely refusing the trust of the king. The general acted overnight and won the "Loulan" with lightning speed, thus completing his mission. This poem is relaxed, the first two sentences are slow in rhythm, and there is a feeling of browsing; The last two sentences are easy to write, with the power of stars, and the organic combination of scenery writing, narration and lyricism makes the characters in The Virgin and The Rabbit Falling (nine points of Sun Tzu's Art of War) very vivid and distinctive.

The seventh poem is about the vast and desolate scenery around Yumenguan, which sets off the adventurous life of border officers and soldiers. The first two sentences "a thousand pounds" and "there is always a bright light" outline the natural environment around Yumenguan, which is densely stacked and covered with bonfires. "Thousands of mountains are always beacon towers", that is, there is nothing but beacon towers, and the desolate scenery also reflects the chill of the battlefield. The last two sentences are about the life of frontier soldiers. " People will watch the fire when they are stationed in the distance. "It is written that the soldiers are on the beacon tower, but they are far apart because of the mountain barrier. As soon as there is an enemy situation, they can only raise fire to call the police. As soon as the soldiers saw the bonfire, they set out to meet the enemy. However, due to the dense forests in the "deep mountains", the peaks and valleys turned around and soon disappeared. The outstanding feature of this poem is the contrast of size, big and small, which shows the vast and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall. People who write about mountains are often "thousands of pounds", while those who write about lighthouses are "the north of the mountain is always a lighthouse", but the writers are very small and even obscure. Either with the rise of the bonfire, people who are "far away" can be seen vaguely, or they disappear as soon as they enter the "deep mountain", which is both a contrast and a contrast. With small lining, the greater the realm; The big contrast is small, and the characters are more obvious. The hard life of recruiting talents, the swift and brave struggle against the enemy, and the heroic state of galloping freely in the poem all radiate a radiant look in this size, so the aesthetic effect of its "small moon in the mountains" is very shocking.