How to taste the quality of red wine?

/jiu/index.htm wine identification primary course wine. Different grape producing areas, due to different soil and water, climate, temperature and humidity, grape varieties, brewed wine tastes different, but it also meets the needs of people with different tastes. The rise of "new world wines" such as California, Australia, New Zealand and even South Africa just illustrates this point. This is why the label of each bottle of wine should indicate the origin, year and grape variety, not just the brand. For wine, the brand only gives us a strict guarantee of quality. Whether it is our favorite taste or not comes from the details on the label. There may be no difference between the same Nike shoes made in the United States and those made in Thailand, but the same brand of red wine made in Australia and France may taste completely different. The first step in identifying French wine is to look at the appearance of the bottle and see if the label of the bottle is clearly printed. Is it fake or copied? See if there is anything wrong with the bottle cap. Are there any signs of being opened? See if the international bar code on the label on the back of the bottle starts with three words: the French international code is 3. The second step is to look at the wine to see if the color of the wine is unnatural. See if there is any unknown suspended matter on the wine. (Note: a little precipitate at the bottom of the bottle is normal crystal) The color of wine is turbid when it goes bad. The third step is to look at the logo of the wine stopper. Open the bottle and see if the words on the wooden stopper are the same as those on the bottle label. In France, wine bottles and wine stoppers are special. Step four, smell the wine. If wine has a suffocating taste like nail polish, it will go bad. The fifth step is wine tasting. When the wine passes through the throat, the normal wine is smooth, while the problem wine is irritating. It is not normal that the smell left in the mouth after swallowing alcohol has a chemical smell or foul smell. Good wine should be refreshing to drink. Environment, atmosphere, facial features, atmosphere should not be too strong in sunlight or light, without noise (including strong sound and music), the air is fresh, and the walls are mainly light, forming a relaxed atmosphere. Tasting should be carried out on an empty stomach, with sensitive senses, not busy, and in a good spirit and mood. The choice of two kinds of tablecloths, whether red wine or white wine, will show different colors depending on the origin and year of the wine: white wine can be light green, light yellow or golden yellow, and red wine can be violet or purple (ruby red). In order to show their beautiful and pure colors, the choice of tablecloths is not arbitrary. Dark tablecloths will affect the feeling of wine color, and white and pink tablecloths are more suitable. Sanjiu warm wine must be used at the temperature that best reflects its value. Too low temperature will inhibit the aroma and taste, while too high temperature will make the wine lose its freshness. At the same time, it should be tasted at a relatively constant wine temperature; Choose a wine temperature that is not easy to make people feel tired. The sensitive temperature of tongue is 15~30℃, and the most sensitive temperature of taste is 2 1~3 1℃. Low temperature will paralyze the tongue; The high temperature makes the tongue ache. The relationship between the strength of various flavors and temperature changes is also different. Generally, the sweetness of sweet ingredients increases gradually from low temperature to 37℃, and decreases gradually when it is higher than 37℃, but the sweetness of glycine remains relatively constant when the temperature changes. The acidity of acidic components is basically unchanged in the range of 10~ 14℃; Bitter and salty ingredients, with the increase of temperature, the taste becomes lighter. Generally speaking, the drinking temperature of young wine is lower than that of old wine. Every wine has its ideal drinking temperature. In principle, it is an accepted fact that both white wine and red wine should be cooled before drinking. If the temperature of red wine can be properly controlled, the flavor will be better. In this case, cold wine is dominant in Germany, forming a trend. Especially red wine, people drink at a different temperature than before, especially to keep its light and bright color. When drinking light wine with a year, its temperature will be colder than when drinking strong wine. The most convenient way to reduce the temperature of wine is to put the whole bottle of wine in an ice bucket with half ice and half water. After fifteen to twenty minutes, the temperature will drop from more than twenty degrees to less than ten degrees. If you want to cool down faster, you can even sprinkle a handful of crude salt in ice water. If the temperature is too low, you can take the wine out and put it next to the ice bucket. In addition, we can also put liquor in the lower layer of the refrigerator, where the temperature is about 4 degrees Celsius. The temperature will rise slightly before drinking, and then pour the wine into the cup, and the temperature will rise rapidly again. The drinking temperature of non-sweet sparkling wine is the coldest, but it is still not too cold when pouring wine. The temperature is about 5-6 degrees Celsius, otherwise the tongue can't really feel the temperature of the wine. As for sweet sparkling wine, it is as high as red champagne when drunk. Sparkling wine cannot be cooled by adding small ice cubes, because such a rapid cooling method will destroy the original flavor of precious wine. The general refrigerator temperature will not detract from the flavor of sparkling wine. In order to keep the ice temperature of the wine bottle on the dining table, it is also feasible to put it in a champagne cooling bucket with small ice cubes. In France, you will also taste the cold natural sweet white wine, the temperature is about 5 degrees Celsius. The drinking temperature of liquor is also quite low, about 6-7 degrees Celsius for light liquor and about 10 degrees for high-alcohol liquor. Good-quality liquor, with recent years and good acidity, has the best drinking flavor when the temperature is 8 degrees. The optimum drinking temperature of high-alcohol wine is between 1 1 and 13 degrees, depending on the year and grape variety. The drinking temperature of sherry (10 ~ 12℃) is lower than that of port wine and madeira wine (13 ~ 15℃). Low-aged, reddish wine, such as fresh French thin wine. And like Linger wine, there is also red wine made in Italy, which is also drunk cold and has a better flavor. The drinking temperature of red wine with heavy alcohol content is slightly higher, and it is between 14 ~ 16 degrees Celsius, which is the most suitable. Germany's grain-selected and grain-selected dry wines can fully emit their aroma at the temperature of 14 to 18 degrees. The wines with the highest drinking temperature are mature and concentrated Burgundy wines, Bordeaux wines and precious wines produced in other countries in the same year. However, it should also be noted that when serving wine, its temperature should not be too high, that is, the temperature of wine at room temperature should not be higher than 20 degrees. When you take out the red wine frozen in the wine cellar, don't put it next to the heating equipment to heat the wine. Put the cold wine in an ordinary room for 2 to 3 hours to warm it slowly, so as to maintain its own flavor. These rules seem complicated, but they are not. Just remember that the drinking temperature of wine is directly proportional to its purity. In addition, can people objectively judge the temperature of wine? There are many kinds of thermometers on the market. After some practice, I can calculate the correct temperature myself. Ice wine should be placed on the table before drinking, or stored in a cooling bucket with ice. People will open the wine before tasting it. Red wine usually takes nearly an hour to drink. Only when the characteristics of this wine are brought into play can the essence of the wine be displayed.