The mystery of life and death after Li Zicheng's defeat is that Jiufushan was killed after the defeat?

Regarding the ending of Li Zicheng, the most detailed statement recorded in Historical Records is that he was defeated and killed in Jiufushan, Hubei. It is reported that after the defeat of Shanhaiguan War in Li Zicheng, all the way south was withdrawn, and every battle was doomed. Because at that time, the Qing army thought it was revenge for the Ming Dynasty, and stayed in the pass under the pretext of eliminating "bandits", so it was natural to pursue it. The newly established Nanming Dynasty regarded Li Zicheng as a traitor to national subjugation and hated it. Therefore, along the way, troops are constantly organized or local villagers are contacted for interception, and the environment facing Dashun Army is unprecedented. 1in mid-April, 645, when Dashun army marched to a place not far from Jiujiang, Jiangxi, it was caught up by the Qing army again. After a scuffle, the Qing army breached the base camp of Dashun Army, and captured two uncles of Ruhou Liu Zongmin, strategist Song Xiejian and Li Zicheng (Zhaohou and Xiangnan Hou) and a group of generals' families. This sudden change made the Dashun army, whose morale was already low, worse, and the people's hearts were greatly lost.

At this time, the Qing army has chased Jiujiang area. If Dashun army continues to advance eastward, it is likely to be trapped in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, because Tudor Department of Qingjun East Road is trying to approach Nanjing through Guide House in Henan and Sizhou in Anhui. If he returns to the army, it will be easy to outflank Dashun Army. In view of this, Li Zicheng changed its strategy in time and turned around to cross the northwest of Jiangxi and turn to Hunan. In a panic, Li Zicheng came to the foot of Jiugong Mountain at the junction of Tongshan County, Hubei Province and Ningzhou, Jiangxi Province (now xiushui county).

In May of the same year, under the siege of Qing fighters, Li Zicheng and Prince Aziz, who came to kill him, fought fiercely again at the foot of Jiugong Mountain and then disappeared.

The first person who reported Li Zicheng's death in Jiugongshan was the general of Jingyuan, Azig, who was in charge of hunting down the Qing king. He said in a lecture to the imperial court on the fourth day of the sixth month of the Lunar Leap in 1645: "Li Junbing tried his best to escape into Jiugong Mountain and then looked for Li Baicheng everywhere. Soldiers and generals said that Li Zicheng escaped with only twenty men and was besieged by villagers. He couldn't escape and hanged himself. People who knew Li Zicheng were sent to an autopsy, and the body had rotted beyond recognition ... "After the news was reported to Beijing, the Qing court was very happy, and it was undoubtedly a great contribution that the stealthy was eliminated. So Dourgen called the ancestral temple to worship heaven and earth and declared it to China and foreign countries. Local officials also came to the table to celebrate. It can be seen that the Qing court with Dourgen as the core thought that Li Zicheng was dead. However, on the way to Azig's triumph, Dourgen got the message that Dashun Army reappeared in Jiangxi. Without Li Zicheng's head, Dourgen suspected that Li Zicheng's death was unreliable. To this end, Azig found someone who knew Li Zicheng to identify the body, but the body had rotted and could not be identified. So in the second performance, what he said was even more vague. As for whether Li Zicheng was alive or dead, he couldn't say clearly, saying that he would continue to visit. This made Dourgen furious. On July 20th, he sent someone to severely reprimand Azig who was about to go to Beijing to report the military situation. Achiger, who won the victory, not only didn't get a reward, but also was reduced from prince to county king because of the crime of bullying the city, and was fined 5200 taels of silver. This clearly shows that the Qing court had great doubts about Li Zicheng's stillbirth. But Prince Azig recovered quickly, and even Dourgen regarded him as his closest confidant in his later years. The change of the Qing court's attitude towards Azig made the mystery of Li Zicheng's life and death more and more confusing.

He Tengjiao, the governor of Nanming five provinces, also said that Li Zicheng died in February of the second year of Longwu (1646), but it was nearly 10 months since Li Zicheng defeated Jiugongshan. The recitation said: "I heard that I lived in Hubei for two days, and suddenly there was a strong wind, but I didn't see the other side. I was shocked and worried that I would follow suit, so I pulled out the thief camp. But his intention is to pursue ministers and occupy Hunan's ears. God's will is to climb Jiugong Mountain on the 28th. An unexpected ambush, beheading and cutting the blade. Zhang Shuangxi, a fake soldier, is a rebel, so he must run away first. Liu Da refused, and the flying horse chased Hu Ri, saying, "Long live the grandfather Li, who was killed by the township soldiers, and there was not one left on the 28 th." At that time, the thieves heard about it, and the whole camp gathered to cry ... and then they made a big killing (referring to the capture of Emperor Hong Guang by the Qing army), suppressing the road and blocking the sound, without returning to their first inspection. Today, I went with my head up, and I was killed by mistake in the village soldiers. They didn't know it at first. Let the national soldiers know that it is a rush, and the gas is not strong. It may not be cut out, but it will be a great achievement through the ages. Self-rebellion and sudden death, and the more than 200,000 people, at the beginning of rebellion, regretted losing themselves, so they refused to be ministers. If you don't die, these 200,000 people will be fake, fake blogs, and I will be able to operate freely with my bare hands. He Tengjiao Opera is another original document about Li Zicheng's death at the foot of Jiugong Mountain in Tongshan County, Hubei Province. As Li Zicheng's Ministry accepted his restraint a few months ago, he had sufficient conditions to learn the news of Li Zicheng's sacrifice from the generals and soldiers of Dashun Army, and this letter should be more credible. Emperor Wu of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Empress Zhu, began to be "overjoyed, and worshipped (He Tengjiao) the University of Dongting, the Minister of War, as a scholar, and still supervised".

It should be said that He Tengjiao's news about Li Zicheng's death in Yingyong, Jiugong Mountain, came directly from many Dashun generals who followed Li Zicheng, even including Li Zicheng's adopted son Zhang Nai who was beside him when he died.

(that is, Zhang Shuangxi), it should be said that it is quite reliable. However, due to the lack of Li Zicheng's head, there were many people in the Longwu court who questioned it. Guo Weijing, the right deputy governor, once wrote that the statement that Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain was groundless. He Tengjiao was informed by his subordinates who surrendered from Li Zicheng in late July, and it was not reported until years later. If you don't get the right answer, it's probably inappropriate. Besides, Li Zicheng is still alive and dead, and his whereabouts are unknown. One thousand someone with Li Zicheng's head to receive the reward, He Tengjiao how to explain?

After reading Guo Weijing's letter, Zhu became suspicious, so he asked He Tengjiao to report it again and announced the good news. For the second time, He Tengjiao pointed out that "Lin's death was based on real evidence, but Lin didn't dare to help, so he sincerely and truthfully replied". Generally speaking, since the Qing court and Nan Ming didn't get Li Zicheng's head, they naturally have their own suspicions of unknown life and death. However, the description of Li Zicheng's death in Jiugong Mountain reported by Azig and He Tengjiao is consistent in the main plot (time, place and sacrifice), because the main news comes from the Dashun army at that time, which should be more accurate. According to these two reports, Ming history also made a vague conclusion: the body is dead, and the body is difficult to distinguish. The discovery of many local chronicles and genealogies reinforced this conclusion. Fermi, a historian in the early Qing Dynasty, proudly described in detail the process of Li Zicheng's sacrifice in his book Nine Imperial Uncle: "The Qing Dynasty chased Li Zicheng to Huguang. Up to now, there are still 30 thousand thieves, making him a thief, from Xingguo Prefecture to Jiangxi. Bring your own pro 18 ride from Tongshan county to Jiugongshan ridge, which is the boundary of Jiangxi. When the villagers heard that the thief was coming, they climbed mountains and stoned and scattered the Eighteen Riders. When we get to Niujiling in Dayue Mountain, it will rain heavily and turn into Lama Deng. Cheng Jiubo, a mountain man, fought hand-to-hand with himself, so he turned around in the mud. He sat on Jiubo's hip and tried to kill him with a knife. The knife was stained with blood and he couldn't get out of the mud. Jiubo was anxious to call the police for help, and his nephew Jin became famous for shoveling dirt. I don't know if he is a thief. Wuchang was the governor of the Qing Dynasty, and he became his closest relative. He rode to Wuchang and reached the county seat, but Jiubo was afraid to recognize him. Shan Yu, a relative of the county magistrate, awarded a medal of merit to the thief Li Zicheng. Jiubo began to see the governor and entrusted the experience of De 'an House to Jiubo. "NiuJiLing mentioned by Fermi is indeed a local place name, and Cheng Jiubo is also a real person. There is a biography of him in "Tongshan County Records" in the fourth year of Kangxi: "Cheng Jiubo, a native of Liudu, invaded the county seat in May of the second year of Shunzhi, ravaged and set fire to it, and the people had no peace. Nine people got together, rounded up, and killed the thief at the small garden entrance first. "In addition, the first person recorded in the official history of De 'an House is' Chen Jiubo, a native of Tongshan, who was appointed as Shunzhi for two years'. Although the name is slightly different, it is enough to prove the authenticity of the Qing court's reward for Cheng Jiubo. These records undoubtedly prove from one side that Li Zicheng probably died in Jiugongshan, Hubei.

So, since Li Zicheng died here, why didn't the Qing army and Nan Ming get the important evidence of Li Zicheng's head? This is undoubtedly the problem that Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain in Hubei Province, which needs further argumentation.

According to modern people's analysis, for Azig, Li Zicheng's failure to win the first prize may be mainly due to the long time interval, and the weather in the south has been quite hot since May of the lunar calendar, so it is entirely possible to "distinguish a corpse from a rotting corpse". In the second year of Shunye (1645), the Qing government got the news of Li Zicheng's murder on July 15th, and it was not until Toarey Yang, the governor of eight provinces such as Jiangxi and Huguang, took office that Cheng Jiubo, the murderer of Li Zicheng, was found. Azig did not have this clue when he reported to the Qing court, and the people sent to the field trip could not obtain empirical evidence.

As for Nanming, Dashun Army moved to Jiangxi and Hunan after burying Li Zicheng's body, and Tongshan County was influenced by the Qing army. He Tengjiao was in Changsha, Hunan, and it was unlikely that he would send someone to dig Li Zicheng's body in the area controlled by the Qing army. Besides, He Tengjiao is known as the military system of five provinces, and its strength is actually quite limited. It was only at the initiative of the generals of Dashun Army that the United Anti-Qing Front was established, "suddenly sending more than 100,000 troops". Even if He Tengjiao would send troops into Tongshan County, he would not despise the remnants of Dashun Army, but would dig Li Zicheng's body and "submit for inspection". This truth is easy to understand. He can only vaguely explain the suppression of sound in dredging, and he can't get his first-class test. As for Dourgen, who reported Li Zicheng's death to Aziz, the information obtained was that the main force of Dashun Army under the direct command of Li Zicheng entered Ningzhou and Ruichang areas in Jiangxi. One explanation is that the word "thief" in the literature of Ming and Qing Dynasties can refer to Li Zicheng himself, or the Li Zicheng Rebel Army, or it may be that Dashun Army entered Jiangxi and was mistaken for Li Zicheng deserting from Jiangxi.

Therefore, from the above analysis, it is very likely that Li Baicheng was killed by local armed forces in Jiugongshan, Hubei. Later generations also built Li Zicheng Mausoleum in Jiugong Mountain, Hubei Province. Of course, some people hold a negative attitude towards this. They thought that Li Zicheng was the sworn enemy of the Qing Dynasty and Nanming, and his life and death was definitely a major event at that time. But in Azig's report, it is purely a postscript to say that "a corpse can't be distinguished". No wonder the Qing dynasty won't believe it! He Tengjiao's report is a doctor's advice, and he lied about the meritorious military service, which naturally won't be believed by the Southern Ming Dynasty. Especially when Li Zicheng retreated to Huxiang, he had more than 400,000 soldiers and horses, and at least tens of thousands of people were stationed in Jiugong Mountain. He only brought 20 cronies, which is obviously not true. Besides, if Li Zicheng is really killed, his hundreds of thousands of troops will surely take revenge on Xiang Yong. But in fact, Jiugong Mountain was unusually calm. His hundreds of thousands of troops and his wife Gao were calm, which proved that Li Zicheng did not die in Jiugong Mountain. Besides, apart from historical records, there is no strong physical evidence to prove that Li Zicheng really died in Jiugong Mountain. It's hard to convince people by historical records alone. As for the story of Li Zicheng's martyrdom in Jiugong Mountain, which is widely circulated among the people, some people think that it is actually a smoke bomb put by Li Zicheng and his gang, which is a tactic to slow down the enemy's vigilance against themselves. Once the time is right, they can make a comeback and make a comeback. So, if that's the case, where would Li Zicheng go if he didn't die in Jiugong Mountain? A popular saying is that Li Zicheng became a monk in Jiashan Temple in Shimen County, Hunan Province.

Jiashan temple becoming a monk

Shimen County, Hunan Province was called Liyang in ancient times, also known as Lizhou. Jiashan Temple is located in Sanbanqiao, 0/5 km east of Shimen County. It is an ancient temple built in the Tang Dynasty. The statement that Li Zicheng is hiding in Jiashan Temple in Shimen County, Hunan Province is widely circulated among the people and has a great influence. According to legend, after Li Zicheng's defeat, he fled to Jiashan Temple in Shimen County to become a monk, and his legal name was Feng Tianyu. This statement was first seen in the text of the book The Biography of Li Zicheng in the Later Han Dynasty. He Lin said in the article that a gentleman named Sun told him that Li Zicheng did not actually die in Jiugongshan, Hubei, but went to Shimen, Hunan to become a monk. In this regard, Lin He also specially asked some local elderly people, who said that Li Zicheng really became a monk from Hubei Public Security to Jiashan Temple in Hunan, and his grave is still there.

As a result, more and more curious Lin He made a special trip to Jiashan Temple to investigate. A 70-year-old monk who served Feng Tianyu received him. He told He Lin that Feng Tianyu had been to the temple in the early years of Shunzhi, but he didn't say where he was from. He sounded like a northwestern man. Since then, a monk named Ye Fu, who claimed to be a disciple of Feng Tianyu, came here. He has more respect for Feng Tianyu. When the old monk showed He Lin the jade statue of Fengtian that was treasured in the temple, He Lin gasped. The portrait of Jade Monk in Fengtian is too similar to Li Zicheng recorded in Ming History. Therefore, according to Li Zicheng's self-proclaimed "Grand Marshal who worships righteousness in Fengtian" and later "Faithful King", it is concluded that "Jade in Fengtian" means "Serving the Heavenly King". As for the extra points, it is nothing more than a cover-up.

Now it seems that monk Feng Tianyu is probably Li Zicheng.

In 1980s, a series of buildings near Jiashan Temple.

Archaeological findings are completely consistent with He Phosphorus's records, which seems to further prove this possibility. 198 1 On New Year's Day, local archaeologists stumbled upon an ancient tomb on the west slope of Jiashan Temple, but the strange burial system and huge scale after the excavation puzzled the archaeologists. The ancient tomb is a three-part tomb with complete structure. Later, the "Inscription on the Pagoda of the Great Monk of Tian Feng" unearthed in the tomb made archaeologists know that it was the Jade Monk of Tian Feng who arrived at the tomb. According to records, this monk came to Jiashan Temple in the ninth year of Shunzhi. His disciples number as many as thousands, and his influence is so great that he is definitely not an ordinary monk.

Later, when the staff continued to dig, another blue and white porcelain altar was found in the middle tomb. The porcelain altar is exquisite in workmanship, and the glaze is decorated with patterns of Kirin and Phoenix. It is particularly strange that square bricks with strange symbols are pressed on the blue and white porcelain altar. Long Xibin, a famous archaeologist in western Hunan who participated in the archaeological work, said: "This kind of porcelain is relatively rare, and the patterns of Kirin and Phoenix have not been found, so we think this kind of porcelain is not used by ordinary monks. When we dug the tomb in Jiashan, we found that other monks used ordinary clay pots. We haven't found such exquisite porcelain, especially the designs of Kirin and Phoenix are clear, which should be enjoyed by a graded monk. " In addition, the monk's burial method also violated the monk's rules. Not only did he not use niches and towers to lay the remains, but he buried them according to the folk customs of northern Shaanxi, which was really inappropriate. Li Zicheng's hometown is Mizhi County in northern Shaanxi. Does this prove that Li Zicheng did not die in Jiugong Mountain, but became a monk?

Later, Long Xibin and others learned at a meeting in Mizhi County, northern Shaanxi. According to records, during the Ming Dynasty, Shaanxi Governor Wang Qiaonian sent Bianda to dig Li Zicheng's grandfather's grave from Mizhi, Shaanxi. According to an insider who excavated Li Zicheng's ancestral grave, Li Zicheng's grandfather's tomb and his father's tomb were both three-hole tombs at that time. From this, they concluded that this three-part tomb conforms to the custom of rice fat in northern Shaanxi. Shaanxi Mizhi also provided another clue for R, that is, after the death of people in northern Shaanxi, men's bricks and women's tiles left a symbolic symbol, meaning "wearing Beidou and wearing three sets." Shoushan water is far away, and stone rot people come. "This is the same as the strange square brick symbol on the blue-and-white porcelain altar in the tomb of Jade Monk in Fengtian. All these strange phenomena make experts interested in this mysterious tomb owner. 198 1 autumn, cultural relics and archaeologists discovered the tomb of Ye Fu, a great monk, in Cili County, adjacent to Jiashan. The tombstone clearly States that the old Zen master was born in the Ming Dynasty and died in the Qing Dynasty. Once, "the king of Wu fought Guizhou and chased Lishui".

Obviously, the prince he mentioned was Wu Sangui, who followed Chu Zhuangwang to Lishui after the war with Wu Sangui in Guangxi. In addition, the researchers also found that there was a Tianmen Mountain in Zhangjiajie, Yongding, and a temple in Tianmen Mountain, which was said to be built by the great monk Ye Fu. "Yongding County Records" once recorded that Ye Fu was a gangster, and "flew to Xizi, True Disciple and Jungle on a large scale" from Jiashan Temple in Shimen, apparently saying that Ye Fu was a part of Li Zicheng. So some people speculate that "Ye Fu" may be Li Baicheng's nephew Li Jin, and the Mukden Jade Monk who was carefully served by Ye Fu was Li Zicheng. Then, at Jiashan Temple,

In addition, the Inscription on Rebuilding Lingshan Temple in Jiashan, which stands in the light years of Qing Dynasty, also records that in the early years of Shunzhi, a monk named Feng Tianyu came here and recruited many disciples, which completely changed the decline of the temple. Later, it was found in a hidden cave in Jiashan Temple, and it was later confirmed that it was the remnant of Plum Blossom Poem written by Feng Tianyu, a great monk, and the remnant of Zhi Na Chuan Shu written by a wild monk. The poem above also reveals that Feng Tianyu, a great monk, is probably Li Zicheng. For example, there is a poem "Ma Mei" in the poem "Hundred Rhymes of Plum Blossoms", which reads: "Golden saddle, jade stirrup and Ma Rulong come and go (the last word falls off), and the spring scenery is warm and harmonious." What does a monk want with a golden saddle and a jade stirrup? It is inevitable that people will doubt it; There is also a song called "East Meg": "At the eastern end of East Gege, Xu listens to the politics of the three, taking tea as wine and calling for the same stream." Sangong is a surname, a teacher, a Taibao, and three staff officers under the emperor. How can an ordinary monk have anything to do with Sangong? The same information is also reflected in the guidebook written by the wild monk. For example, there is a saying like this: "Long live the sacred bow of Emperor Yao Rendi in the palace, and then wish to be full of martial arts." The wild Buddha monk called Feng Tianyu the emperor, and then he hoped to become his palace in Jiashan, full of Korean martial arts. How can an ordinary monk write such a poem? How can there be "Long live the emperor's bow"? This discovery further proves that the previous research on Jiashan Temple is not groundless.

1September, 1992, when workers were rebuilding the Great Compassion Hall of Jiashan Temple, they found a turtle-shaped seal engraved with the word "Lai" in the foundation of the central part of the hall. Appraised by experts, it belongs to the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Looking back at the historical records of Jiashan Temple, no one used this stamp except Feng Tianyu. We know that "Fu" is a special title for emperors in feudal society. A monk actually used the emperor's method, but the seal representing the imperial power was buried in the center of the Hall of Great Heroes. What does this mean?

Two years later, near Shimen, when someone was digging a vegetable cellar, he accidentally dug up a bronze medal engraved with the words "Tian Feng Zhao Yu". It was identified as belonging to a monk in Feng Tianyu in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. As we all know, "imperial edict" has always been dedicated to the emperor. Feng Tianyu monks dare to use the title of "imperial edict", which is definitely not a simple matter. Feng Tianyu, a monk, has such a strong color of imperial power, which shows that Feng Tianyu is by no means as simple as an ordinary monk.

In the following years, copper coins of "Yongchang Bao Tong", bronze bells engraved with the words "Xi 'an" and folding fan ribs engraved with the words "Yongchang" were found in Shimen County, Linli County and Lixian County near Jiashan. The excavation of these things shows that it is not impossible for Li Zicheng to close its doors here. In addition, there is a fact that there are many cultural relics handed down by the Jiang family in Linli, including incense burners, wine glasses, jade carvings and other precious jade articles, all of which have been identified as cultural relics in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. These treasures are not only exquisite in workmanship, but also priceless. They should never appear in Jiashan mountain area, so people will inevitably doubt their origin. According to legend, the original surname of the Chiang family was Li, and later it was changed to Jiang to avoid the pursuit of the Qing court. Ding Ling, a famous contemporary writer, is a descendant of the Jiang family in Linli. She once said that she is a descendant of Li Zicheng. All these signs indicate that monk Feng Tianyu is probably the king of Li Zicheng, and his title coincides with his title of "Marshal Feng Tianyu". In addition, the bronze medal of the seal and the "imperial edict of Feng Tianyu" belong to the emperor, which coincides with the identity of the Dashun emperor in Li Zicheng.

Now it seems entirely possible for Li Zicheng to retreat here, but why? Since he is hiding here, why are there rumors that Jiugongshan was killed after the defeat? In view of this problem, some people speculate that Li Zicheng was forced to become a monk. At that time, in the face of the powerful Manchu Eight Banners, Dashun Army was defeated one after another, unable to compete. As early as when Dashun Army withdrew from Beijing, Li Zicheng had the idea of uniting Nanming to resist the Qing Dynasty, which also contained elements of national justice. After all, the Qing Dynasty was Manchu, which invaded the Central Plains and humiliated China. Anti-Qing clearly rose to be the main contradiction at that time. However, Li Zicheng was the sworn enemy of the Zhu Ming Dynasty, and the court of Nanming took "revenge on your father" and "uniting Qing as a thief" as the national program, so it was impossible to unite Nanming to resist Qing. However, faced with the increasingly urgent situation, Li Zicheng must make a decision. Some experts believe that it is likely that when he was defeated by Wuchang, some counselors gave him advice to withdraw his troops and let the Ministry contact Nanming to fight against the Qing Dynasty. At that time, only these two forces joined forces, and it was possible to compete with the Qing army with high morale and strong combat effectiveness. Perhaps it was in this situation that Li Zicheng accepted the advice of his counselor or decided to retire. Choosing to become a monk was undoubtedly the wisest thing to do at that time. In addition, Li Baicheng had the experience of becoming a monk when he was a child, so he naturally wanted to continue his career.

So why did you choose Shimen to become a monk? According to textual research, Shimen area was on the edge of politics at that time, and the forces of Qing Dynasty and Nanming did not penetrate, and it was also the site of Tujia nationality, so it was the safest place to live in seclusion, so I chose to become a monk here. As for the killing of Jiugong Mountain recorded in the history books, as mentioned above, it is likely to be a mystery set by Li Zicheng and his subordinates, or a plan to slow down the troops. Because Li Zicheng's death threat can kill three birds with one stone: First, it can dispel the hostility of the Nanming Dynasty to this army and pave the way for the joint resistance of Nanming to the Qing Dynasty; Secondly, it can paralyze the Qing dynasty and make it relax its vigilance. Once the time is right, it can make a comeback, make a comeback. Third, it can successfully cover Li Zicheng's smooth retreat.

It is conceivable that after the retreat of Jiashan Temple, Li Zicheng, who is full of the world, still pays close attention to the development of the current situation, keeps close contact with the remnants of Dashun Army, continues to command his own army behind the scenes, and unites Ming and Qing Dynasties. The bronze medal of "Tian Feng Zhao Yu" is direct evidence. However, it is difficult to realize the plan of uniting Nanming to resist the Qing Dynasty. The emerging Manchu wiped out the anti-Qing military forces one by one with the autumn wind, and Li Zicheng's desire to make a comeback finally failed. This last hero, who was famous on the political stage in the late Ming Dynasty, spent the rest of his life only in the morning bell, the evening drum and the blue light. With the records of He Phosphorus, the magistrate of Lizhou, the textual research of so many cultural relics and the analysis of the present situation, it is indeed conclusive and reasonable for Li Zicheng to live in seclusion in Jiashan Temple in Shimen, Hunan. But is this the historical truth? There are also many opponents to this.

They think that this view is full of loopholes and cannot be justified at all. First of all, when and where Feng Tianyu came to Jiashan Temple could not be contacted with Li Zicheng. The inscription on the pagoda unearthed clearly shows that Feng Tianyu was a wandering monk who came to Jiashan from Sichuan in the ninth year of Shunzhi. When he first arrived in Jiashan, he saw the dilapidated ancient temple and begged all parties to support the temple. In fact, Li Baicheng disappeared from the historical records in May of the second year of Shunzhi. Where has he been all this time? And I haven't seen any record that Li Zicheng has been to Sichuan, so how can this clearly recorded monk from Sichuan be attached to Li Zicheng? Secondly, the taming record also says that Feng Tianyu has close ties with local officials. When Jiashan Temple was restored, local officials also donated money, and even said that he "passed the Qing Dynasty". The so-called "Qing" is explained in the second volume of "Ruler's and Ruler's Category". "Slow position means clarity and tight position means importance, both of which are called clarity". In fact, it is absolutely certain that Li Zicheng, as the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty, could not have anything to do with the so-called "Qing Yao" theory. Besides, if Li Zicheng Zen really hides here, just imagine, as a wanted man in the Qing Dynasty and Nanming, how could he show his face and beg for money to build a temple along the street? How is it possible to get close to local officials? Doesn't he know the minimum safety measures?

According to textual research, Liu Xuan, the author of Daming, is a adherent of Ming Dynasty. He was loyal to the Ming Dynasty. How could Cha write a memorial for Li Zicheng who overthrew the Ming Dynasty? Therefore, as an open identity, Feng Tianyu is closely related to the government, which just proves that he is not Li Zicheng.

1982 winter, found in Cili County, Hunan Province.