What is the polar climate zone like?

The polar climate zone is distributed in the polar region in the polar circle. At the poles, the length of day and night is equal to half a year. With the decrease of latitude, the time of day and night gradually decreases. But in the polar circle, at least one day, that is, the summer solstice is 24 hours long; On the winter solstice, the sun can't be seen all day, and it won't rise until the vernal equinox. The radiation is constantly cooling before the vernal equinox, so the lowest temperature appears before the vernal equinox. The lower the latitude, the earlier the lowest temperature appears. In summer, although the days are very long, the solar radiation has been greatly weakened due to the oblique sunlight, and the radiation reaching the ground is strongly reflected by the ice and snow surface. Most of the radiant energy actually absorbed by the ground is used for snow melting.

Therefore, the remarkable feature of the polar climate is that it is cold all year round. The temperature in the hottest month in summer is lower than 10℃. Near the pole, the temperature in the hottest months in summer is below 0℃, and it is still very cold. Near the polar circle, although the surface ice and snow can melt into swamps in summer, the underlying soil layer is still frozen and becomes permafrost that does not melt all the year round. The polar winter temperature is low, and the highest temperature in Leng Yue is -30 ~-40℃. If there is a blizzard, it will be very cold.

The polar ground temperature is low, and under the cover of polar high pressure, downward flow prevails, with little precipitation. In most areas, the annual precipitation is less than 250 mm Near the polar regions or mainland areas, the precipitation is below 100 mm, and the precipitation is all snow, mostly dry and hard snow particles. Near the polar circle, due to the occasional cyclone invasion, the precipitation increases, which can reach more than 300 mm. Therefore, another feature of the polar climate is dryness and less precipitation.