Fruit trees enter the fruit expansion period, and the weather is hot and dry. How to manage it?

I will share with the local citrus fruit trees how to manage the soil moisture, fertilizer and medicine in the garden when the fruit is in high temperature and drought, for reference.

I. Soil Moisture Management in the Park

Take the management of local citrus fruit trees as an example. Both early-maturing citrus varieties and late-maturing citrus varieties generally enter the fruit expansion growth period after June every year, and the weather also enters the high temperature and dry season. Because the season is in the high temperature period, the soil moisture in the orchard is most prone to drought and water loss, which will directly affect the growth of branches and leaves of fruit trees and is not conducive to the development and expansion of fruits during the expansion period.

Coping method

1, do a good job of planting grass in the park; Generally speaking, for small orchards in rural areas, the grass in the garden is mainly natural grass. No one will take the initiative to plant and cultivate some grass, and there is no need to plant this kind of grass in a small orchard. Nature is better, which is one of the management methods of planting grass that most rural fruit farmers often adopt. When managing the planting of raw grass in orchard, we can use the methods of weeding by drugs in the early stage and weeding by manual machinery in the later stage to artificially adjust the growth time of raw grass and reduce the influence of high temperature and drought on soil moisture in orchard.

2. Irrigation water-saving management; In the period of high temperature and drought, in order to ensure the expansion and growth of branches and leaves of fruit trees, drought-resistant irrigation management is the main means of irrigation, such as flood irrigation, point irrigation and so on. These irrigation methods should be considered in combination with weather and drought conditions and water source conditions.

If the water source conditions are available, it is best to use flood irrigation for orchards with high weather temperature and poor soil moisture. The main reason is that flooding irrigation can reduce the temperature in the garden environment, improve the microclimate in the garden environment, prevent sunburn, resist drought and protect fruit trees and fruits. When the soil moisture in orchard is basically good, hole irrigation and point irrigation are generally selected, mainly in conjunction with fertilization.

Second, fertilizer management.

In the period of fruit tree growth and fruit expansion, the fertilizer use in the period of high temperature and drought should not only correspond to the demand time of fruit tree growth for fertilizer nutrients, but also be managed according to the specific situation of high temperature and drought. Generally, when there is high temperature and drought, the fertilizer used for fruit trees is mainly hose fertilizer. Pay attention to the use method when fertilizing. Generally, the fertilizer can be sprinkled into the orchard when the whole garden is watered in the afternoon, and a small amount of water can be watered once the next day according to the weather conditions, so that all the fertilizer can be dissolved in the soil and the utilization rate of fertilizer can be improved.

During the period of high temperature and drought, the management of fertilizer for fruit trees should be based on the principle of small amount and multiple times. This is because high temperature and drought have done harm to the roots of fruit trees. If a large amount of fertilizer is applied at one time, the damage to the root system of fruit trees will be further deepened, and the loss will outweigh the gain.

Third, medication management

Generally speaking, in the expanding growth period of fruit trees, if there is no influence of high temperature and dry weather, fruit tree diseases and insect pests are prone to occur in this period. For local citrus fruit trees, the most common fruit tree diseases and insect pests in this period are resin disease, anthracnose, red spider and so on. In particular, the local citrus resin disease is difficult to control, which is mainly related to the weather. If there is little rain and drought during the period from flowering to mid-maturity of fruit trees, diseases will be reduced a lot and pests will only be slightly reduced. During the fruit expansion period of citrus fruit trees, we should not only pay attention to the safety of applying pesticides to fruit trees, but also pay attention to the personal safety of operators when spraying chemical solutions.

abstract

During the fruit expansion period, fruit trees encounter years of high temperature and drought, so drought-resistant irrigation and water conservation are the main tasks. When the high temperature and drought are too serious, we should take appropriate measures such as reducing the amount of fruit hanging and covering the ground to ensure the normal growth of fruit trees first, and then ensure the normal expansion and growth of fruits.