Physical Geography of Cocotohai National Geopark

Geographical location and scope Xinjiang Fuyun Cocotohai National Geopark is located at the source of Erqis River in northern Xinjiang, northeast of Fuyun County in Altai region and some areas west of Qinghe River. Due to the geographical location, the park is divided into two major areas: Cocoto Sea main scenic area and Kara Xianger scenic area, with a total area of about 6 19.0 square kilometers. The main scenic spot of Cocoto Sea is located in Fuyun County, with the range from the north-south ridge on the west side of Haizikou in the west, to Tayate in the east, to the Tiesketas ridge in the north and to Akbastao in the south. Geographical coordinates: east longitude 89 41'33 "~ 90 02' 41",north latitude 46 56' 52 "~ 4719' 31",covering an area of 562.50 square kilometers.

Kalasheng 'er Scenic Area is located at the junction of Fuyun County and Qinghe County, covering the following areas: west to the foot of Kalasheng 'er Mountain, east to Kalashayiling Mountain, north to Shageduole Aobao and south to Tulongke. Geographical coordinates: East longitude 89 49 ′ 57 ″ ~ 89 57 ′ 08 ″, North latitude 46 40 ′ 55 ″ ~ 46 57 ′1″, covering an area of 56.50 square kilometers. The Irtysh Grand Canyon is the source of the Irtysh River, with a total length of more than 70 kilometers. Irtysh River is the only outflow river in China that flows into the Arctic Ocean from east to west. The granite peaks that confront each other continuously along the He 'e River are round and varied, and the peaks are interpreting beautiful stories, which can be called one hundred single peaks and eight peaks. Compared with the granite peaks in other places, these peaks are amazing. The lonely peak stands proudly, the cliff inserts clouds, and the cliff forces water, which is the most scenic spot in Altai Mountain. Hongtaiji Peak, Daoxie Peak, Camel Peak, Elephant Peak, Feilai Peak, etc. One mountain and one scene is breathtaking. What is even more peculiar is that the granite peaks here are mostly dense honeycomb pits and vertical grooves, like solidified giant waterfalls, just like waterfall fossils. These peculiar rock landforms in the canyon were formed by Yanshanian porphyritic biotite granite from 208 million to 65 million years ago. The most obvious feature of this granite is that it has a very obvious concentric joint shape and is strongly weathered by cold winter. The surface of the mountain peak is like peeling off eggshells layer by layer, disintegrating and collapsing constantly, thus forming a round, smooth and very steep peak. Unique granite peaks and surrounding cold temperate forests, such as fir, pine, birch and poplar,

And the rocky and swift Erqis River complement each other, forming a granite landscape with distinctive regional climate characteristics and geological background characteristics. Cocoto Sea has less rain in summer, long sunshine and windy and snowy winter. The annual average precipitation is 250mm, the annual average wind speed is 1.4m/s, and the perennial dominant wind direction is northwest wind. Frozen soil depth is 2.2m, frost-free period 120 days. Irtysh River is the only water system in the park. Erqis River originates from the southern foot of Altai Mountain, flows through Cocqueteaux Haizhen and Kurtes Town from north to south, and flows into the Arctic Ocean via Kazakhstan. It is the only river in China that belongs to the Arctic Ocean water system. The length of the process in the county is 230km, and that in the park is about 30km. 1999, the average flow is 2 1. 1 m3 /s, and the annual flow reaches 667 million m3.

There are two lakes in the park: Ilmu Lake and Cocosu Sea. Ilemu Lake is located in the west of Keketuohai Town, with a length of 5 ~ 6 kilometers from north to south, a width of1~ 2 kilometers from east to west, a storage capacity of1.1.300 million cubic meters, and a maximum water depth of 1.000 meters ... Kekesuhai is located in Tuerhong Township, 23 kilometers away, with a water accumulation area of/kloc.

(1) Spring (April-May): dry and windy, with great temperature changes. There is little precipitation.

(2) Summer: (June-August): Summer is short and not so hot. Strong light, long days and short nights. It is cool in summer in mountainous areas, and the average monthly temperature is less than 20℃.

(3) Autumn (September-65438+1October): Autumn is crisp and sunny, with an average of 2 1~29 sunny days per month; The precipitation is obviously lower than that in summer, and the first frost appears at the end of July in Altai Mountain area. The first snow day is from the end of September to the beginning of 10, and from the end of September to 1 10, frozen soil is formed from Altai mountain area to valley plain in turn.

(4) Winter (165438+ 10 to March of the following year): Winter is very cold and long, with thick snow. The average temperature in the areas of Qinghe and Keketuo Sea east of Altai Mountain is below minus 20 degrees in winter, among which Keketuo Sea is the coldest.