How many kilograms of pears are produced per mu depends on the planting method and time.

The yield per mu of pear trees is related to pear varieties, planting management techniques and weather c

How many kilograms of pears are produced per mu depends on the planting method and time.

The yield per mu of pear trees is related to pear varieties, planting management techniques and weather conditions in that year. Under the premise of proper management, the yield per mu can reach 2000-3000 kg, or even as high as 4000 kg. In the third year after the establishment of the Garden, the average yield of pears in Yu Qiu was 2,063 kg per mu. Sulli, bearing fruit in the second year, entered the full fruit period in the third year, with an yield of 3000-4000 kg per mu. The average yield of grafted four-year-old trees in Golden Sydney is 25.2kg, and the average yield per mu is above 1500kg.

1. How much is the pear yield per mu?

Under the premise of proper management, the yield per mu of pear trees can reach 2000-3000kg, or even as high as 4000kg, but the specific yield per mu is still related to pear varieties, planting management techniques and weather conditions in that year.

1, Yu Qiu Pear: Mid-late maturing variety, with fruit development period of about 150 days, maturing in the middle and late September in Qingdao, with an average yield of 2,063 kg per mu in the third year after the establishment of the garden.

2. Sulli: The fruit ripens in mid-July, and the fruit development period is about 120 days. In the second year, the fruit came into full bloom in the third year, and the yield per mu was 3000-4000 kg.

3. Golden Sydney: It ripens in mid-September, and the average yield of 4-year-old trees is 25.2kg, and the average yield per mu is above 1.500kg.

4. Long Yuan magenta pear: 1 The yield per mu in the growth period is 2550kg, which is 24% higher than that in the control, and the yield per mu in the second growth period is 3400kg, which is 13.3% higher than that in the control.

5. Guili 1: It blooms in Guilin in mid-March and matures in mid-June. The average yield per plant in 20 15 years was 3 1.7kg, the average fruit weight was 246g, and the yield per mu was 2345.8kg.

6. Emerald: Early-maturing variety, maturing in late June. The yield per plant of four-year-old trees can reach above 15 kg, and the yield per mu of five-year-old trees can reach above 1500 kg.

Second, the planting method and time of pears

If it is a cold area in the north, you can choose to plant it from late March to early April every year. If it is a warm area in the south, you can choose to plant it every year1mid-October to late February 165438+. The planting method is as follows:

1, planting

(1) If it is a mountainous area with shallow soil layer and heavy soil quality, the planting hole should be dug to a depth of 1m and a diameter of 1- 1.5m, and no deep ploughing is required.

(2) The ratio of pollinated trees to cultivated varieties is 1: 4. If the humidity is high in mountainous areas or high seabed areas, the allocation ratio of pollination trees to cultivated varieties is 1: 2-3.

(3) In general, the plant spacing is 2m and the row spacing is 3m.

Step 2 apply fertilizer

(1) plow 20cm. If it is a high-yield orchard or an orchard with heavy soil, 4,500 kilograms of decomposed manure or 6,000 kilograms of decomposed compost should be applied per mu. If it is an orchard with loose soil, apply decomposed cake fertilizer 10kg per plant, supplemented by topdressing during the growth period.

(2) Nitrogen fertilizer was mainly applied before bud flowering, accounting for 20% of the annual nitrogen fertilizer application.

(3) Applying compound fertilizer before flower bud differentiation, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 20% of the annual amount of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer accounts for 60% of the annual amount of potassium fertilizer.

(4) During the fruit expansion period, compound fertilizer is mainly applied with potassium fertilizer, in which nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 65,438+00% of the annual nitrogen fertilizer application and potassium fertilizer accounts for 40% of the annual potassium fertilizer application.

(5) During the nutrient storage period, nitrogen fertilizer should be properly supplemented for trees with large fruit and fruit trees with weak growth.

prune

(1) summer pruning

(1) thinning of sprouting strips: the sprouting strips are less than 5cm in the early stage, and the new branches above 5cm are cut.

② coring: removing the top of annual branches.

(3) girdling: the phloem of fruit trees is cut off, which hinders the downward transportation of nutrients.

(4) Twisting: Twisting branches slows down the growth of branches, promotes the differentiation of flower buds and adjusts the tree shape.

⑤ Branching: It can inhibit flower bud differentiation, dwarf pear trees, increase photosynthesis surface and improve ventilation and light transmission.

(2) Pruning in winter

(1) Newly planted pear tree: After planting, cut off the top at 60-80cm, after sprouting new shoots, leave 3-4 buds at the top at 50-70cm, select 3-4 robust branches with different directions and uniform distribution as the main branches, and smooth the rest. After the main branch grows 50-70cm, coring is carried out to promote the germination of secondary branches, and at the same time, the diseased branches, weak branches and over-dense branches on the tree are thinned.

② Young pear trees: according to the tree structure of the selected tree, select and cultivate the backbone branches and properly cultivate the fruiting branches.

(3) Pear trees at the first fruit stage: cultivating backbone branches and branches, and pruning backbone extension branches at the same time, which should be shortened year by year, but keep an appropriate extension angle.

(4) Pear trees in the early fruiting stage: complete the selection and retention of each backbone branch, let it continue to develop, at the same time ease the tree vigor, increase the proportion of medium and short branches, adjust the relationship between growth and fruiting, cultivate fruiting branches, and promote pear trees to enter the full fruiting stage early.

4. Bag-making materials

(1) Generally speaking, bagging begins about 15-20 days after flowers wither. If it is a green pear variety, the bagging time should be appropriately advanced. If it is a brown-skinned pear variety, the bagging time should be delayed appropriately.

(2) In the process of bagging, the principle of bagging the upper fruits of the crown first and then bagging the lower fruits of the crown is followed.

(3) When bagging, let the bagging expand first, then grab the fruit handle or branch with one hand, put the young fruit into the bag, then squeeze the bag mouth from both sides to the middle of the fruit handle, then bend the iron wire around and tie it tightly on the fruit handle or branch (not too tightly), and seal the bag mouth tightly. Finally, the young fruit is hung in the bag and does not contact with the bagging.

5, thinning flowers and fruits

(1) Sparse flower buds: Sparse flower buds should be carried out before winter cutting. In the process of bud thinning, the principle of 1 flower bud 1-2 fruit should be followed, and 200-400 flower buds should be left per plant.

(2) Flower thinning: When the inflorescence is extended to the first flower, it should be thinned. The principle is weak and strong, weak and long and short, weak armpit and top, weak and dense inside, weak heart and edge, weak bottom and top.

(3) Fruit thinning: fruit thinning should be carried out after flower withering and before flower bud differentiation, and should be completed within 65,438+04 days after flower withering. In principle, young fruits with big head, good fruit shape, good development and no pests and diseases should be left, and only 1 young fruit should be left in each inflorescence, and the redundant young fruits should be thinned out.