What is the main cause of smog formation?

Haze is a general term for fog and haze. It is also a weather phenomenon, also called smog. They make the air turbid, blur the line of sight and reduce the visibility. Bian Xiao sorted out the main causes of smog here for your reference. I hope everyone will gain something in the reading process!

The main causes of smog are various, such as automobile exhaust, industrial emissions, building dust, garbage incineration, and even volcanic eruption. Hazy weather is usually formed by the mixed action of various pollution sources. However, in the smog weather in different regions, the role of different pollution sources is different.

Haze weather has existed since ancient times, and human activities or natural phenomena such as slash-and-burn and volcanic eruption may lead to haze weather. However, after mankind entered the era of fossil fuels, the smog weather really threatened the living environment and health of mankind. Rapid industrialization and urbanization lead to rapid energy consumption, high concentration of population and destruction of ecological environment, which have laid the groundwork for the formation of haze weather.

Is there haze? Source? , also? Accomplice? This is a meteorological condition that is not conducive to the spread of pollutants. Once pollutants accumulate for a long time under static meteorological conditions, it is easy to form haze weather.

The first is the physical basic source of particulate matter. China has the largest loess plateau in the world, and its soil texture is the easiest to produce granular dust particles.

Second, poor exercise leads to dust. For example, the mud in the garden in the middle of the road and the soil on the roadside stones will flow to the road after raining or splashing water, which will produce a lot of dust after one hour of drying. Even if these particles fall back to the ground, they will be thrown over the city again because of the continuous passing of cars.

Thirdly, the basic source of dust and the process of movement difference gather in a certain spatial range, and particles finally gather with water molecules to form haze. At present, in more than 350 cities in the Loess Plateau of China, the three elements of smog structure are quite rich.

National monitoring of some haze events

On the 28th, the National Health and Family Planning Commission issued the Work Plan for Health Impact Monitoring of Air Pollution (Haze) in 20 13 years, proposing to establish a national air pollution (haze) health impact monitoring network in three to five years, so as to master the characteristics and composition differences of PM2.5 pollution in different regions and understand the health impact of air pollution in different regions.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Health and Family Planning Commission, the impact of air pollution (smog) on people's health includes both acute and chronic long-term effects. The impact of smog on health involves people of all ages, but it is more serious for susceptible people such as the elderly, children and pregnant women. Due to the lack of systematic long-term monitoring in China, it is impossible to reveal the health hazards of smog-specific pollutants. It is urgent to carry out health impact monitoring of air pollution (smog), understand the concentration variation law of characteristic pollutants of air pollution (smog) in different regions and its harm to people's health, and provide data support for health risk assessment.

According to the monitoring work plan, in 20 13 years, the health impact monitoring of air pollution population will be carried out in some cities in provinces (municipalities directly under the central government) with high air pollution (smog). Each city has set up monitoring points in 1 community in areas with relatively heavy air pollution and areas with relatively light pollution. In addition, 1 township in rural areas of six provinces (municipalities) was selected to set up monitoring points.

Through the setting of monitoring points, the air PM2.5 is sampled, the mass concentration of PM2.5 is monitored, and the components that affect people's health are analyzed emphatically. At the same time, by collecting air pollution monitoring data, meteorological data and death case data of residents in the monitoring area, the influence of different degrees of air pollution on the total death toll of residents and the death toll of different diseases is analyzed, so as to estimate the excess death toll (rate) of residents caused by air pollution and evaluate the health risk of air pollution. Through the accumulation of data in a certain period, the changing trend of this influence is analyzed.

In addition, the construction of the monitoring network is also helpful to analyze the incidence and acute impact of residents' related diseases, understand the impact of smog on the health status of primary school students, and provide a basis for formulating intervention and protective measures.

According to the plan, people's travel modes will be investigated in the winter of 20 13, and the characteristics of people's exposure to air pollution in different regions, different times and different seasons will be understood through repeated surveys in the next three to five years, so as to provide data support for health risk assessment.

Visibility in most parts of Beijing1~ 4km. Beijing is still in a yellow warning. The smog has completely dissipated. Until the cold air main body transits on the 29th, the ground wind speed increases obviously, and the visibility in most areas of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei improves, the continuous smog weather will end.

201April 7, according to the report of the Central Broadcasting Network, the relevant person in charge of the National Health and Family Planning Commission said that China will continuously monitor the impact of smog on people's health for a long time and assess the risk of smog on people's health. According to the latest data released by the World Health Organization, in 20 12, about 7 million people died of air pollution-related diseases in the world, especially in the Western Pacific of WHO, and most of the deaths occurred in low-and middle-income countries. Zhang Yong, deputy director of the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, said that the smog-related monitoring work carried out by the National Health and Family Planning Commission mainly includes three aspects: First, the monitoring of the impact of air pollution on people's health was organized; Second, relevant research has been carried out; The third is to strengthen cooperation with environmental protection and meteorological departments to promote information sharing and early warning linkage. The research data of the World Health Organization also show that nearly 70% of air pollution-related deaths in the world are related to ischemic heart disease and stroke, 25% are related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or acute lower respiratory tract infection, and 6% are related to lung cancer. Zhang Yong said that the National Health and Family Planning Commission will continuously monitor the smog for a long time. ? It is hoped that the risk of air pollution to human health will be assessed through long-term continuous monitoring. I hope to strengthen cooperation between departments and be able to cope with the impact of smog on health. ? Zhang Yong said.

The pure scientific understanding of smog in the news of fighting smog is not systematic and complete enough. What is its cause, what harm it does to human body and how serious it is? There is no authoritative conclusion. If science is not strong, people's understanding and self-confidence will be less dependent. The uncertainty of the future society's response to smog may be higher than the smog itself. If the severity of smog continues to increase, it is not ruled out that some people will panic about smog at some time.

Some scientists have pointed out that the biggest cause of smog is probably coal burning, which is the pillar energy for China's development in recent years. Not to mention the reduction, it will still burn more than 65438 million tons of coal every year. Even if we stop burning coal, is it possible to stay in China in a short time? Everyone wants blue sky, but if some people use less electricity, less heating and less air conditioning,

Perhaps the most effective way to make people drive less cars is to limit the number of cars, but soon a celebrity claimed that the pollution caused by personal driving is equivalent to that in their own community? What the hell? This kind of unfounded populist remarks won a lot of applause on the Internet.

China obviously underestimated the seriousness of industrial pollution a few years ago, and the government's responsibility is the first. A wide range of severe smog has sounded the alarm for the whole society and taught the government a lesson. It's no use complaining, just shouting demands? What does the government do? If we don't really take action, the government? As? It can only be a blank check, because the whole people in China burn billions of tons of coal, and nearly 20 million new cars are added every year, most of which are private cars.

Foreign media attention

The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a smog warning for the sixth consecutive day. It is expected that there will be moderate haze in central Liaoning, Beijing-Tianjin area, Hebei, southwestern Shanxi and other places, and local haze will be severe. The Ministry of Environmental Protection recently announced that it has launched an emergency plan and organized a 12 inspection team to go to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas to carry out special inspections on heavy pollution weather response. Media all over the world are worried about how China will deal with smog.

The Associated Press reported that China regards air pollution as? Is it detrimental to the national image? The government has formulated some measures to make great progress in pollution control.

According to Bloomberg News, the environmental monitoring department of China released real-time monitoring of air pollutants on its website, and the regulatory authorities also issued an urgent notice, requiring local governments to timely and accurately predict and release air quality information to ensure the smooth flow of public information.

Washington post commented that, generally speaking, it takes several years to control air pollution. The measures taken by the China Municipal Government show China's determination to speed up smog control, and the new measures can at least represent the beginning of change.

The US "Globe and Mail" said on the 24th that smog caused people to buy masks and air purifiers, and the sales volume of air purifiers in an electronic store in Beijing was three times that of usual. After Beijing issued an orange warning, it not only took measures such as limiting production in factories, but also banned roadside barbecues.

Reuters reported on 23rd that the smog weather? Sweep? China covers 65,438+05% of the territory, and the inspection team of the Ministry of Environmental Protection will visit the construction sites and factories in the steel, cement and coal industries, and will announce any violation of production standards.

Agence France-Presse reported on the 24th that dangerous smog has covered North China, including Beijing, for several days. The National Meteorological Administration of China issued a yellow warning of smog in most parts of North China on Monday, which is the fifth consecutive day that heavy air pollution in this area has reached a dangerous level harmful to health.

German "Der Spiegel" reported on the 24th that smog enveloped nearly 15% of the land in China. In northern China, people suffer from smog. For the first time, Beijing issued the orange warning, the second highest warning level in the four-level early warning system, and the number of patients with lung diseases in hospitals increased.

The report on the BBC website also featured Celia, a reporter based in Beijing. Haydn's big head with a mask. According to the report, air pollution has become the helplessness of many urban residents in China. Opinion polls show that the harmful effects of smog have become one of the most concerned issues for urban residents.

Canadian TV said on the 23rd that the air pollution in China has aroused public anger, and the China government has issued a number of emergency measures to deal with air pollution, such as restricting traffic in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province according to the license plate number, and some demolition, barbecue and fireworks display activities in Beijing will be banned.

Singapore's Lianhe Zaobao reported earlier that the air pollution in China will probably cause painful losses if we do not arouse high vigilance, make great determination and make great efforts to control it. Some media also worry that air pollution may endanger social stability in China.

The Times of India reported on 23rd that while the state issued early warning in time, China also imposed restrictions on automobiles and suspended the production of some urban pollution source factories. According to official data, 36 enterprises in Beijing have stopped production, 75 enterprises have reduced production, and many steel production enterprises and related enterprises in Hebei have closed down that morning.

South Korea's MBC TV station said that the eastern part of China had the worst smog, covering an area of 6,543,800 square kilometers, seven times that of the Korean Peninsula. Beijing has been shrouded in smog for many days, and there are few pedestrians on the streets, but the underground shopping malls and subways are crowded.

South Korea's Pioneer Economy website said that smog began to change people's living habits. The first thing many people do when they get up in the morning is to check the air pollution index of that day to decide whether to wear a mask or drive to work.

Guess you are interested in:

1. China smog city ranking

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3. Global ranking of smog cities

4. A 400-word explanation of smog

5. China City Smog Weather Ranking

6. A faint smog investigation report