Is there weather in space? What are the factors that affect space weather?

Yes, it's just called outer space environment, such as cosmic ray intensity, mild magnetic field, cosmic dust density, gravitational vector field and so on. At the edge of the atmosphere, the air is so thin that it can no longer be described by traditional meteorological elements, and the degree of things has changed.

The main factors affecting space weather are magnetic storms and gradient changes of cosmic ray fields. The most fundamental thing is the evolution stages of nebulae in different parts of the universe and the influence of their intensity on the adjacent space environment.