What's the climate in China and Xinjiang?

Xinjiang is located on the western border of China, 32 degrees north latitude. 22、-49。 East longitude 33, 73. 2 1、-96。 2 1, with an area of 1.66 million square kilometers, accounting for about 1/6 of the national total area, and it is the largest administrative region in China. It borders Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet in turn in the east and south, the Mongolian People's Republic in the northeast, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the west and Afghanistan, Pakistan and India in the southwest, with a border of more than 5,300 kilometers, making it the longest province in China.

Climatic characteristics

Xinjiang belongs to temperate continental climate. Winter is long and cold, summer is short and hot, and spring and autumn change dramatically. The annual average temperature in southern Xinjiang 10. C, Junggar basin in northern Xinjiang is 5-7. C. Altai and Tacheng are 2. 5-5。 0。 C. The average temperature in southern Xinjiang in June 5438+ 10 is higher than that in northern Xinjiang 10- 12. C, 2-3 higher in July. The daily average temperature difference can reach 12- 15, and the highest can reach 20-30. The relative humidity in summer and absolute humidity in winter in Xinjiang are not large, characterized by dry heat in summer and dry cold in winter. The average annual precipitation in the whole region is 145 mm, which is only 23% of the national average annual precipitation of 630 mm, while the evaporation is about 200 mm, which is less than 100 mm in southern Xinjiang, and the snowfall in northern Xinjiang and mountainous areas accounts for about13 of the annual precipitation.

Xinjiang is windy and rainy, showing the characteristics that northern Xinjiang is bigger than southern Xinjiang, Gobi is bigger than mountainous area, and the edge of basin is bigger than hinterland of basin. Gale (gale above magnitude 8) is the main agro-meteorological disaster in Xinjiang. The northwest of northern Xinjiang, eastern Xinjiang and eastern southern Xinjiang are areas with high gale value. The number of sandstorm days in Tarim Basin is generally more than 30 days, and some areas in northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang are less than 20 days. In recent years, the frequency of floating dust weather in southern Xinjiang is higher than in the past.

Xinjiang is rich in sunshine, with a total solar radiation of 542. 10-646。 35 joules per square centimeter, second only to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.