Du fu's poems

Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.

Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.

The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.

Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.

Precautions:

1, Guopo: The capital Chang 'an was occupied by rebels.

2, feel that sentence: because I sigh about current events, I will cry when I see flowers.

3. hey: it's simply.

4, invincible: because of less hair, even the hair clasp can not be inserted.

Rhyme translation:

Chang 'an fell into the country, leaving only mountains and rivers.

Spring has come, the city is empty, sparsely populated and the vegetation is dense and deep.

Affectionate state affairs face flowers, and tears are hard to stop.

The separation of parents and birds is thrilling and only increases hatred.

Since the beginning of spring, wars have been frequent and spread in March.

Home? There is little news from the country, and a letter is worth thousands of dollars.

Sorrow is entangled in scratching my head and thinking, and my white hair is getting shorter and shorter.

Hair loss is so short that it can hardly be inserted.

Comments:

In July (756), in the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, the Anshi Rebellion captured Chang 'an, and Su Zong ascended the throne in Lingwu, changing Yuan to virtue. On his way to Lingwu, Du Fu was captured by the rebels to Chang 'an, and wrote this poem the following year (the second year of Zhide).

The poet witnessed Chang 'an's flute falling and homesickness in adversity, and he couldn't help feeling deeply. One or two couplet poems, writing about the defeat of Spring City, are full of sighs; Three or four couplets are about relatives, full of feelings of separation.

The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural, which embodies the poet's feelings of loving the motherland and caring for his family. Modern people such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is straightforward, the scenery is not free, the feelings are strong but not floating, the things are rich but not miscellaneous, and the meter is rigorous but not rigid." This theory is quite appropriate. "A letter from home is worth a thousand pounds of gold" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages.

On Du Fu's Meeting Li Guinian Downstream

In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times.

Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.

Precautions:

1, Li Guinian: a famous musician in Tang Dynasty, appreciated by Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, and later lived in Jiangnan.

2. Wang Qi: Li Fan, the younger brother of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, whose name is Wang Qi.

3. Cui Jiu: Cui Di was working as a supervisor in the temple.

Rhyme translation:

I often watch your performances in the Qi Palace.

In front of Cui, I have also appreciated your art many times.

Unexpectedly, there is a big Jiangnan in this landscape;

When the flowers fall, I can meet you again and get to know each other.

Comments:

Poetry is sentimental and indifferent. Li Guinian was a famous singer in the early years of Kaiyuan, who often sang in the aristocratic giants. When Du Fu was a teenager, he was brilliant. He frequented the gates of Li Fan, King of Qi, and Cui Di, the secretary supervisor, and was able to appreciate Li Guinian's singing art. The first two sentences of this poem are recalling the past communication with Li Guinian and expressing the poet's concern about the prosperity in the early years of Kaiyuan. The last two sentences are feelings about the decline of state affairs and the erratic artists. Only four sentences sum up the vicissitudes of life and the great changes of life in the whole Kaiyuan period. The language is extremely plain, but the connotation is infinitely rich. Hengtang retreated to: "The Seven Wonders of Shaoling, this is a volume."

Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night

Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.

Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.

The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.

Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.

Comment and analysis

This is a masterpiece depicting the rainy scene on a spring night and showing a happy mood.

Praise "rain" with a "good" word from the beginning. In life, "good" is often used to praise people who do good things. Nowadays, praising rain with "goodness" has aroused the association of people who do good deeds. Next, personify the rain, saying that it "knows the season" and knows how to meet the objective needs. Isn't it? Spring is the season when everything germinates and grows. As long as it rains, it begins to rain. Look how nice it is!

The second link further shows the "good" of rain. Rain is "good" because it is timely and "moistens things silently". Spring rain, usually accompanied by a breeze, carefully moistens everything. However, there are exceptions. Sometimes, it will be accompanied by cold wind, from rain to snow. Sometimes, it will be accompanied by strong winds and heavy rains. Although this kind of rain is in spring, it is not a typical spring rain. It won't "moisten things quietly", it will only damage things. Naturally, it will not make people "happy" and it is impossible to get a "good" evaluation. Therefore, the "knowing season" of the first couplet alone is not enough to fully show the "good" of rain. It was not until the second couplet wrote a typical spring rain accompanied by a continuous drizzle that the word "good" was implemented.

"Sneak into the night with the wind and moisten things silently. This is still anthropomorphic. The combination of "sneaking into the night" and "silence" not only shows that rain is drizzle accompanied by breeze, but also shows that rain is intended to "moisten things quietly" and has no intention of seeking "goodness" If you are interested in seeking "goodness", it will come during the day and create a little momentum for people to see and hear clearly. Just because it intends to "moisten things quietly" and has no intention of seeking "goodness", it chooses a time that does not hinder people's work and labor, and quietly and carefully drills into the ground at night when people are sleeping.

If the rain is so good, I hope it will rain enough next week and stay up all night. If only for a while, the clouds will disperse, then "moistening things silently" is very incomplete. The poet grasped this point and wrote the third couplet. On a less gloomy night, the path is easier to see than the field, and the river is easier to distinguish than the shore. What about now? Looking around, "the wild path is dark, and the river boat is bright." "Only the ship's lights are on. Besides, you can't even see the river, and you can't tell the path clearly. The sky is covered with dark clouds and the ground is as black as clouds. All right! It looks certain that it will rain until dawn.

The tail couplet is about an imaginary scene. After a night of such "good rain", everything will be nourished and prosperous. One of the flowers of all things, the flower that best represents spring scenery, is about to drop with the rain. Wait until tomorrow morning to have a look! The whole Jinguan City (Chengdu) is a peanut tree, "red and wet", red and heavy, and merged into a sea of flowers. So, what about the seedlings in the field? What about the Woods on the mountain? Everything. Everything?

Pu Qilong said: "It is easy to write about rain and cut the night, but difficult to cut the spring. This poem "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" not only cuts the night and cuts the spring, but also writes the noble character of a typical spring rain, that is, "good rain", which shows the noble personality of poets and all "good people".

The poet expects such "good rain" and loves such "good rain". Therefore, although the word "Xi" in the title does not appear in the poem, the meaning of "Xi" breaks through the cocoon "(Pu Qilong's Reading). The poet looked forward to the spring rain "moistening things silently", and it began to rain. As soon as he came up, he called "good" with joy. What was written in the second couplet was obviously heard. The poet listened attentively and heard the heavy rain pouring down on a spring night, just to "moisten things quietly". Dont Ask For Help knew he was naturally "happy" and couldn't sleep. Because the rain is "moist and silent", I can't hear clearly. I am afraid that the rain will stop, so I will go out and watch it. What is written in the third section? I can see it clearly. Seeing the strong rain, I can't help but imagine the beautiful scenery of the city in spring after dawn. How vivid his infinite joy is!

Li Yue, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Watching the Rain": "Mulberry leaves come from the soil without leaves, and the flute pipe welcomes the Longshui Temple. Watching songs and dances in Zhumen, I am afraid that the spring sounds will swallow the strings. Compared with those who watch songs and dances in Zhumen, isn't Du Fu's joy of "moistening things silently" in the spring rain a noble feeling?