What are the weather changes such as wind, rain, thunder and electricity on earth, and what makes them natural phenomena?

Wind: The direct cause of wind is the horizontal pressure gradient force. Wind is comprehensively influenced by different factors such as atmospheric circulation, topography and water area, and its manifestations are various, such as monsoon, local sea-land wind, valley wind and foehn wind. Simply put, wind is the movement of air molecules. To understand the causes of wind, we must first understand two key concepts: air and air pressure. The components of air include nitrogen molecules (accounting for 78% of the total air volume), oxygen molecules (accounting for about 2 1%), water vapor and other trace components. All air molecules are moving at a very fast speed, colliding with each other and anything on the horizon. Air pressure can be defined as the pressure exerted by air molecules in a given area. Generally speaking, the more air molecules exist in an area, the greater the air pressure in this area. Accordingly, wind is the result of pressure gradient force. be lax

However, some changes in atmospheric pressure are caused by storms, some by uneven surface heating, and some by atmospheric molecules being forced to flow from a relatively high pressure area to a low pressure area in a certain horizontal area. Most of the high-pressure and low-pressure belts shown on the weather map only form a mild breeze that accompanies us. However, the pressure difference required to generate the breeze only accounts for 1% of the atmospheric pressure itself, and this pressure change will occur in many areas. Relatively speaking, the formation of strong storms stems from the change of larger and more concentrated pressure areas.

Rain: Rain is water drops falling from the clouds. Water on land and sea surface evaporates into steam. The pictures of rain on the steam (19) rise to a certain height, and become small water droplets when they are cold. Photo collection of the rain (20 photos) Some small water droplets form a cloud. They collide with each other in the cloud and merge into large water droplets. When it is too big for the air, it will fall from the clouds and form rain. There are many reasons for the rain, and the manifestations are also unique, such as Mao Mao rain, continuous rain, pouring rain and so on. Rain is the most important fresh water resource in human life, and plants thrive on the moisture of rain and dew. But the flood caused by rainstorm will also bring great disaster to mankind.

Lightning: Lightning is a discharge phenomenon that a strong electric field is formed between different parts of thunderstorm clouds or between clouds and the ground due to different charging properties. Because the lightning passage is narrow and the current passes too much, the air column in the lightning passage burns white and glows, and the surrounding air suddenly expands due to heat, and the cloud drops suddenly vaporize and expand due to high heat, thus making a huge sound-thunder. Lightning generated in and between clouds is high-altitude lightning; The lightning generated in cloud lightning is "floor lightning".

Electricity: Lightning in nature is an electrical phenomenon. Electricity is a natural phenomenon and a kind of energy. Electricity is a property that produces repulsion and attraction between subatomic particles such as electrons and protons. It is one of the four basic interactions in nature. There are two kinds of electricity or charges: we call one positive and the other negative. Through experiments, we found that charged objects will repel each other when they have the same polarity, and their attraction or repulsion obeys Coulomb's law. Electricity is a general term, which includes many phenomena caused by the existence or movement of charges. There are many phenomena that are easy to observe, such as lightning and static electricity, and some unfamiliar concepts, such as electromagnetic field and electromagnetic induction.