Near-surface air pressure and temperature

The most typical example of low air pressure and temperature near the ground is the appearance of thermal low pressure.

The most typical example of low pressure and low temperature near the ground is the Mongolian cyclone that frequently affects northeast China in winter. Mongolian cyclone is an extratropical cyclone. The pressure of mature Mongolian cyclones in winter is often lower than its surroundings 10-20HPa, sometimes reaching 40HPa. At this time, the ground temperature in the northeast is very low, so snowstorms in the northeast are often seen in winter.