Xin' anjiang river basin geography

The birthplace and upper reaches of Xin 'anjiang River lie between Huangshan Mountain and Baiji Mountain, including all or part of Xiuning, Tunxi, Shexian and Jixi.

Basins and valleys are composed of basin-bottom plains (Xiukuang (Huizhou) Basin and Jixi Basin), plateaus, basin-edge hills and low mountains.

The basin floor is a long-term developed fault depression zone. With the northward movement and expansion of the fault center, the scale of basins and valleys is increasing day by day, with the widest point in the east being 20-25km and the widest point in the west being 12- 18km.

The main tributaries of Xin 'anjiang River flow through here, forming a vast plain.

There is a long and narrow platform at the rear edge of the plain, and some * * * shaped low hills composed of purple sandstone and siltstone are scattered on the plain.

The basin is composed of hills and low mountains, with altitudes of 300 ~ 400 meters and 500 ~ 600 meters respectively, and the slope is steep, about 25 ~ 30.

It is mainly composed of phyllite, schist and slate.

Liugujian, the source of water flow: 42km west of Wucheng Town, Xiuning County, in fengcun Township.

The eastern section is nearly east-west, and the western section turns southwest.

It is 6 kilometers long and 3 kilometers wide.

Elevation1629.8m, the highest peak in the county, with specific height1200m.

The mountain is steep and broken, and six peaks stand on the ridge line, with steep slopes, mostly above 35.

It consists of metamorphic sandstone, slate and schist.

The vegetation coverage rate is 76%, and it is rich in pine, fir, bamboo and tea.

The mountain stream is rich in hydraulic resources.

Climatic characteristics

This area is located in the north subtropical zone, which is the most superior area in the tropical zone of the province.

The whole area is large, and the landform types are diverse, including plains, hills, hills and mountains, and there are significant differences in each division.

Except for a few areas, the annual average temperature in the region is above 15℃, the average temperature in June is 1 ~ 4℃, the average temperature in July is 27 ~ 29℃, and the annual average extreme minimum temperature is -6.5 ~- 12℃.

The accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ is 4750 ~ 5300℃ (slightly lower in the hinterland of western Anhui), and the days ≥ 10℃ are 22 1 ~ 240 days.

The wintering period is not obvious, and the frost-free period is mostly 220 ~ 260 days.

The annual rainfall is 900 ~ 1700 mm, accounting for 25 ~ 35% in spring, 35 ~ 45% in summer, 10 ~ 20% in autumn and over 10% in winter.

Throughout the year, except for some areas between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, the water revenue exceeds the expenditure.

There are severe weather such as drought and flood, low temperature, hail and rainstorm.

[Ⅲ 4 sub-area] includes Nanling, Jingxian, Qingyang, Guichi, Dongzhi, Shitai, Qimen, yi county, Xiuning, Tunxi, Jingde, Jixi, Shexian, Huizhou, Huangshan and other counties and cities, as well as Tongling, Xuanzhou and most areas in the south of Guangde County.

Annual average temperature 15.4 ~ 16.4℃, 1 monthly average temperature 2.6 ~ 3.8℃, annual average extreme minimum temperature -7.5 ~- 10.5℃, and average temperature in the coldest climate 2.1~ 2.

Accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ is 4850 ~ 5250℃, and daily ≥ 10℃ is 230 ~ 240 days.

The annual rainfall is 1280 ~ 1700 mm, with spring rain accounting for 30 ~ 38% of the annual rainfall and flood season rain accounting for 56 ~ 60%.

The zoning is mostly in the middle of the mountain, with high terrain, slightly worse thermal conditions than ⅲ8, but abundant rain, ranking first in the province.

May-June is the most rainy month, with heavy rain. Due to the influence of plum rains in early summer, typhoons in summer and autumn bring a lot of rainfall, which is easy to cause flash floods.

In the years when plum rains and typhoons have little influence, summer and autumn droughts are prone to occur.

topography

The main features of Xin 'anjiang River system in Hangzhou are hills, low mountains and valley plains.

The main stream is mainly in jiande city, which is located at the junction of hills in western Zhejiang and Jinqu Basin. The surface of the earth is characterized by divided and broken low hills. The geological structure in most areas belongs to Qiantang River gully belt, and the mountains belong to Tianmu Mountain, Qianligang Mountain and Longmen Mountain system.

/kloc-main peak over 0/000 meters 12, mainly distributed in the northwest and southeast of China.

The mountains generally run northeast-southwest

The whole terrain is high in the northwest and southeast, low in the middle and inclined from southwest to northeast.

The water system gathers from the periphery to the middle, and the main rivers flow from southwest to northeast, which is basically consistent with the trend of mountains.

Climatic characteristics

Hangzhou is located in the subtropical monsoon region, with obvious alternation of winter and summer monsoon.

The annual average temperature 15℃ ~ 17℃, 1 month is the coldest, with an average temperature of 3 ~ 5℃. It is the hottest in July, with an average temperature of 28℃ ~ 29℃.

The frost-free period is 230 ~ 260 days.

The annual average precipitation is1100 ~1600 mm, mainly spring rain, plum rain and typhoon rain.

The annual precipitation in Meiyu is 350 ~ 550 mm, accounting for 25 ~ 365,438+0% of the whole year, which is very beneficial to the growth of various spring-sown crops, especially early rice, tea, mulberry, bamboo, hemp and many fruits.

At the same time, abundant precipitation also provides Hangzhou with a beautiful ecological environment that is lush and fragrant all year round.

However, due to the large annual variation of monsoon intensity, natural disasters such as drought, flood, high temperature and low temperature will also occur.

Yun Qi, known as Baiyue in ancient times, was named after "a stone inserted into the sky, reaching into the sky and blending with the blue clouds". It was renamed Yun Qi Mountain in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty.

Yun Qi is 585 meters above sea level and covers an area of about 65,438 square kilometers. The whole scenic spot can be divided into five scenic spots: Yuehua Street, Loulou, Yunyan Lake, Hengjiang and Nanshan, with different styles and characteristics. "There are magical peaks on the dangerous cliff, hidden caves on the steep cliff, silver waterfalls on the forehead and endless fantasies." Combine a large freehand brushwork, multi-tone and gorgeous landscape painting.

In this beautiful and magical picture, there are 36 strange peaks, 72 strange stones scattered at random, and many hidden caves and pools, including the exquisite incense burner peak in Li Zhuo, the wonderful overpass rock, the mysterious true fairy cave, the exquisite and quiet Yunyan Lake, the pearl curtain throwing golden jade in spring, and the exquisite and small pot sky.

Xin 'anjiang Landscape Gallery is located in Shexian, a famous historical and cultural city in China, with a total length of about 100 Li. It is a bright pearl on the Huangshan-Shexian-Qiandao Lake Golden Tourism Line.

Xin 'anjiang is the mother river of Huizhou merchants. It is famous in China for its unique Huizhou culture, natural scenery and ancient villages.

The ecological environment on both sides of the strait is excellent, showing a three-dimensional ecological pattern of "Gaolinshan, Zhongshan tea, low mountain fruit and fish in the water", which complements the ancient villages and ancient houses in between and forms a beautiful paradise map.

Xin 'anjiang, a landscape gallery, inspired the poet Li Bai. As he swam, he sang: "Qingxi is pure in heart, and the water is different in color."

Excuse me, where can I see the new river in Qing' an so clearly?

The man seems to be walking in the mirror, and the bird seems to be flying in the screen. "

Lingyun Twin Towers is located in Sanjiangkou, 36 kilometers east of Jiande County, Zhejiang Province.

The two towers stand in the sky across the river.

The south wind tower in the south and the north wind tower in the north are all octagonal seven-level brick towers, and there are ladders to climb to the top.

It was built in the late Sui Dynasty and early Tang Dynasty, and was rebuilt in the 25th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1546).

Wei Song-Fan wrote: "The wild goose brake plate is empty and beautiful, with blue clouds and a hundred feet of perch, and the smoke locks the railing." Under the North Tower, there are Fang La Dianjiangtai, Bibo Riverside and Knife Rock. In the South Building, there is a stone tablet named "Twin Peaks Tower", written by Hu Zongxian, the imperial advisor of Jiajing Capital of Ming Dynasty.

It is one of the "Eight Scenes of Mausoleum Making".

Longmen Port is located 38 kilometers east of Jiande County, Zhejiang Province, on the south bank of the entrance of Qililong upstream.

The waterfall is more than 50 meters high and divides into six on the stone cliff. The cliff is steep and steep, and the top rock has been washed into a deep ditch.

The waterfall gushed from the stone trough and roared like thunder.

There are Guazishi, Longmen Temple, Long Menta and other sites nearby.

The waterfall is 1.5km away from the river. Along the way, the canyon is crooked and the boulder is dry and quiet.

Baisha Bridge on Nanxin 'an River in Jiande County, Zhejiang Province.

For Qingshiqiao.

Built in 1960.

The bridge is 362 meters long, 24 meters high and 1 1 meter wide. The main bridge has six holes, each with a span of 50 meters and a slight arc shape.

There are 256 stone lions, large and small, carved on the railing, with different expressions and lifelike.

There is a welcome pavilion in the bridge, in which the word "Baisha Bridge" is inscribed by Guo Moruo.

The construction technology of this bridge summarizes the structural characteristics of Zhao Zhouqiao and Lugou Bridge in ancient China, which is novel, light, lively and magnificent.

Zhu Chi, located 8 kilometers east of Jiande County, Zhejiang Province, is said to be the reading place of Zhu Maichen, the satrap of Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty.

Named after Zhu chiseled the pool and washed the inkstone.

There is Zhu Taishou Cave in the east, which was rebuilt in the ninth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 139) and is now destroyed.

2.5 kilometers west of the secluded mountain, surrounded by pine and cypress, the winding path leads to a secluded place.

There is a tomb of Zhu Maichen. The tombstone was erected by Yu Ling of Jiande County in the 11th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1583), and the inscription reads "The tomb of the right phase of Han Dynasty, afraid of buying ministers".

There is a polyester inkstone pool in the northeast of the tomb.

Lingqi Cave is located at the foot of Tiemao Mountain, 32 kilometers south of Jiande County, Zhejiang Province.

It is a group of limestone caves, consisting of five interconnected caves: Lingqi, Qingfeng, Wet Cloud, Lingtan and Lingquan, with a total area of more than 20,000 square meters.

In addition to all kinds of stalagmites, stalagmites, stone flowers, stone pillars, stone curtains and other wonders in the cave, Qingfeng Cave is unbearably cold in summer, Jinyun Cave is foggy in winter, Lingtan Cave is crystal clear, Lingquan Cave has clear water flowing all year round, Lingqi Cave has many ancient ink marks, and there are more than 30 inscriptions in Song and Yuan Dynasties.

Clear and easy to read.

Visitors can stroll in and row out. Mountains, water, wind and clouds are very interesting.

Fallen Fengshan, commonly known as Pingshan.

Located in Jiande County, Zhejiang Province, east 15km, near Xin 'an River.

In the fourth year of Tang Yonghui (AD 653), Chen Shuozhen, the female leader of the peasant uprising, fought against the officers and men.

When it was announced that Chen had broken through, Cai Fengfei flew to the top of the mountain and went to Chen because of his name.

This mountain is 370 meters high and its rock wall is as thin as a razor. It is located by the Li Zhuo River.

The top of the mountain is flat, 800 mu wide, with dense pine forests and shady cypresses.

There is a pavilion halfway up the mountain called Fengge.

Xiuning County, located in Haiyang Town, is located in the northeast of the county, at the western end of Xiutun Basin, with hills in the northeast, Hengjiang in the south and Jiayuan water in the west, covering an area of about 6. 15 square kilometers, and is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the county.

Since the 9th year of Tang Tianbao (750), it has been the residence of the county government.

After the city was built in the Song Dynasty, it was called "City".

In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), the joint guarantee was cancelled, and districts, towns and townships were set up, and Haiyang Town was named after the old county, which is still in use today.

The city was built in the Song Dynasty.

Xikou Town, Xiuning County, 24 kilometers west of the county seat, is located at the mouth of Yiyuan River, hence the name.

Located in the upper reaches of the river, it is the starting point of Hangzhou passing through Xin 'anjiang and Qiantang rivers. Bamboo rafts can be traced back to the river beach and other places.

It is known as the thoroughfare of Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan and Hubei provinces.

Chinese fir, tea and core paper from Wuyuan, oiled paper and umbrella from Jia Lu, piglets and pigs from Leping, eggs, duck eggs and vegetable oil from Poyang gathered here and resold in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

Tunxi City, Tunxi has gradually developed from a water pier into a town and city.

A curved street in the east of Tunxi Bridge, formerly known as Bajia Station, is the birthplace of Tunxi City.

In the 15th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1536), Tunxi Bridge was completed and integrated with Liyang, and the town became increasingly prosperous. During the apocalypse, it became a "one city general city".

By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the urban area basically formed three major layouts: Tunxi Street, River Street and Xizhen Street.

/kloc-in April of 0/8, a man-made fire caused heavy losses in the urban area, and most shops were burned to the ground.

After more than four years of renovation, Tunxi Street has basically recovered its original appearance.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, party and government organs, schools and refugees from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces flooded into Tunxi, which once developed abnormally. The total population of the urban area and its suburbs was nearly 200,000, sometimes called "little shanghai".

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Tunxi became a new and open tourist city.

Huicheng, the county seat of Shexian County, is a tributary of the lower reaches of Lianjiang River. Since the establishment of the town in the Republic of China, the scope of the town has changed frequently.

Anhui-jiangxi railway passes through the west of the city and sets up a station at Baihuatai; Trunk highways such as Wutun and Hanghui meet in the urban area.

Convenient land and water transportation.

From Huicheng to the east, take Xin 'anjiang by water and Yulingguan by land, and you can reach Chun 'an and Hangzhou in Zhejiang in half a day. By train or bus to the southwest, you can reach Tunxi, Baiyue (Yun Qi) and Jingdezhen. By car to the northwest, you can reach Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhua Mountain. Wuhu, Nanjing, Suzhou and Shanghai can be reached by train or bus in the northeast.

There are tourist routes from Huicheng to all directions, especially from Hangzhou via Fuchunjiang, Qiandao Lake and Xin 'anjiang to Shexian and Tunxi, and then to Huangshan, Taiping Lake and Jiuhuashan, which has become a tourist hotline at home and abroad.

Chun 'an County, located in Qiandao Lake Town, was originally named Pailing, and Jiajing's Annals of Chun 'an County in Ming Dynasty was listed as Pailing. Since the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Pailing, which was named after a natural geographical entity.

The Republic of China is also called Pailing.

Before the town was built, Pailing went up and down the mountain for more than 3 miles, and there were many thorns. At the end of Ling Wei, there is a quadrangle-style Pailing Temple, which is uninhabited.

1958, due to the construction of Xin 'anjiang Hydropower Station Reservoir, the original branch city of Chun 'an County and the branch city of Sui 'an County were swallowed up by Bibo, and the county government moved to Pailing for reconstruction.

After many twists and turns, the new county seat of Chun 'an County was built.

Xin 'anjiang Town, jiande city, resident of the municipal government.

Scenic tourist towns.

1958 established Xin 'anjiang Town, 196 1 established Baisha Town Commune,198/changed town, 1992 merged Baisha, Yangxi and Genglou towns to establish Xin 'anjiang Town.

Located in the city center.

It covers an area of 205 square kilometers and has a population of 85,000.

National Highway 320 passes through the territory, and the Jin (Hua) Qian (Island Lake) Railway ends at Houling Village under its jurisdiction, and Xin 'anjiang passes through the city, with convenient land and water transportation.

Meicheng Town, jiande city, 35km away from Baisha Town, Jiande.

In the fourth year of Wu of the Three Kingdoms (225), Jiande County was established and the county was ruled here.

In 697, in the second year of Tian Tong in the Tang Dynasty, the state administration of Zhou Mu was moved from Luoshan to Jiande, and then came under the jurisdiction of Zhou Mu and Yanzhou. Before 1960, it was the seat of Jiande institution and the seat of Jiande county people.

Now it is the seat of Meicheng Town, Meicheng District, Jiande County.

It is named after the shape of the ancient city wall is like half a plum blossom.

Meicheng Town is backed by Wulong Mountain Scenic Resort, surrounded by arched peaks on three sides and Xin 'anjiang River on one side, with clear water winding around it.

The southeast of the city is the confluence of Xin 'anjiang, Lanjiang and Fuchun rivers.

Carefully check the poem "Yanzhou": "It's more urgent to cross the city beach, so divert directly.

The tree color contains two towers, and the mountain shape is a state. Qing Xu Zhengshou's poem Nanguan says, "Wei Yanzhou's Twin Towers embrace the Yangtze River in a T-shape.

The battlements are dangerous, like picturesque clouds and autumn colors. "There are many historical sites in Meicheng, and there are still south wind towers and north wind towers at the top of Xin 'anjiang Mountain, guarding Meicheng like a drawn double sword, which is awe-inspiring.

* * * Jiande Group was born in Meicheng.

Cultural relics with a long history but now forgotten include Qianfeng Pavilion, Unique Building, Spring Pavilion, Huancui Pavilion, Yuquan Pavilion, Bijian Villa and Longmen Tower.