Hangzhou nickname

Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, is located in the southeast coast of China, the north of Zhejiang Province, the lower reaches of Qiantang River and the southern end of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

Alias are Lin 'an, Qiantang, Wulin and Hang Cheng. Hangzhou has a history of more than 2200 years since the establishment of the county government in Qin Dynasty. It was the capital of Wu Yueguo and the Southern Song Dynasty.

Because of its beautiful scenery, it is known as "paradise on earth". Due to the convenience of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and trade ports, as well as its own developed silk and grain industries, Hangzhou was once an important commercial distribution center in history.

Later, relying on the opening of Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway and other railway lines and the promotion of Shanghai's import and export trade, light industry developed rapidly. Since the new century, driven by high-tech enterprises such as Alibaba, Internet economy has become a new economic growth point in Hangzhou.

There are many cultural relics in Hangzhou, and there are many natural and cultural landscape relics in and around the West Lake. There are representative West Lake culture, Liangzhu culture, silk culture, tea culture, and many stories and legends handed down as representatives of Hangzhou culture. Extended data:

Hangzhou has a history of more than 2200 years since the establishment of the county government in Qin Dynasty. It was the capital of Wu Yueguo and the Southern Song Dynasty.

Because of its beautiful scenery, it is known as "paradise on earth". Due to the convenience of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and trade ports, as well as its own developed silk and grain industries, Hangzhou was once an important commercial distribution center in history.

Later, relying on the opening of Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway and other railway lines and the promotion of Shanghai's import and export trade, light industry developed rapidly. Since the new century, driven by high-tech enterprises such as Alibaba, Internet economy has become a new economic growth point in Hangzhou.

There are many cultural relics in Hangzhou, and there are many natural and cultural landscape relics in and around the West Lake. There are representative West Lake culture, Liangzhu culture, silk culture, tea culture, and many stories and legends handed down as representatives of Hangzhou culture. Reference link: Baidu Encyclopedia _ Hangzhou.

The alias of Hangzhou

(1) Hangzhou from Yuhang to Qiantang belonged to Yangzhou before the Zhou Dynasty.

Legend has it that during Xia's flood fighting, the whole country was divided into Kyushu, and the vast area south of the Yangtze River was collectively referred to as Yangzhou. In the 2nd/kloc-0th century BC, Yu Xia made a southern tour, and the vassal state of Huimeng was in Huiji Mountain (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He sailed through this place and left his Yuhang ("Hangzhou" is the Ark) here, hence the name "Yuhang".

It is said that Yu built a boat to cross here, and the Vietnamese call it "Yuhang". Later, according to oral tradition, Yu was called "Yu" and named "Yuhang". During the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue competed with China for hegemony. Hangzhou belongs to Wu first, and after Wu is destroyed, it belongs to Yue.

During the Warring States Period, the State of Yue was destroyed by the State of Chu, and Hangzhou was incorporated into the territory of the State of Chu. After Qin unified the six countries, there was a county government under Lingyin Mountain, named Qiantang, which belonged to Huiji County.

There is such a record in Historical Records of Qin Shihuang: "In October of the 37th year, the first emperor traveled ... across Danyang, to Qiantang and to Zhejiang, and the waves were terrible ..." This is the earliest recorded name of Qiantang in Historical Records.

The current urban area is still the beach frequented by rivers and tides at that time, and the West Lake has not yet formed. The Western Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and Hangzhou is still called Qiantang.

When Xin Mang changed Qiantang to Quanting County; In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qiantang County was restored as Wu County. At this time, the construction of farmland water conservancy in Hangzhou began to take shape, and the first seawall was built from Baoshishan to Wansongling. The West Lake began to break away from the sea and become an inner lake.

During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Hangzhou was Wuxing County of the State of Wu, belonging to Yangzhou. Due to foreign invasion, Jinshi moved south, which promoted the economic and cultural development on both sides of Jiangnan and Qiantang River.

At this time, the West Lake has been called "Ming Sheng Lake" and "Jinniu Lake". In the first year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (326), Huili, an Indian Buddhist, built Lingyin Temple under Feilai Peak, which is not only the oldest jungle building in the West Lake, but also the oldest famous temple in the south of the Yangtze River.

Later, alchemists Xu Mai, Ge Hong and others carried out activities such as writing books and alchemy and spreading religion at the foot of Wulin Mountain, Taoguangshan Mountain and Baoshishan Mountain, and the West Lake was gradually developed. In the third year of Liang Wudi Taiqing (549), Tangxian County was promoted to Linjiang County.

In the first year of Zhenming, Chen Houzhu (587), Qiantang County was established, which governed Qiantang, Yuqian, Fuyang and Xincheng counties and belonged to Wu Zhou. (2) The name "Hangzhou" first appeared after the establishment of the Sui Dynasty. In the ninth year (589), the name "Hangzhou" first appeared.

Jurisdiction over Qiantang, Yuhang, Fuyang, Yan Guan, Yuqian and Wu Kang counties. The state first ruled Yuhang and moved to Qiantang the following year.

In the 11th year of Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty, a city was built on the Phoenix Mountain, which was the earliest Hangzhou city. Daye three years (607), renamed Yuhang County.

In six years, Su Yang has dug the Jiangnan Canal, starting from Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, and reaching Hangzhou via Suzhou and Jiaxing, with a total length of more than 400 kilometers. Since then, the Chen Gong Bridge has become the starting point and end point of the Grand Canal. This important geographical position has promoted the rapid development of Hangzhou's economy and culture.

"Geography of Sui Shu" describes: "Hangzhou and other counties are rich in rivers, land and sea, rare and exotic, and merchants merge." At this time, there were 15380 households in Yuhang County, and the household registration statistics in Hangzhou began.

In the Tang Dynasty, Hangzhou County was established, Yuhang County was reformed and Qiantang was ruled. In the fourth year of Wude (62 1), Qiantang was changed to Qiantang.

Taizong belongs to Jiangnan Road, which was renamed Yuhang County in the first year of Tianbao (742) and belongs to Jiangnan East Road. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), it was changed to Hangzhou, which belongs to Zhejiang West Road Festival. The state belongs to Qiantang, which governs eight counties: Qiantang, Yan Guan, Fuyang, Xincheng, Yuhang, Lin 'an, Yuqian and Tangshan.

The scope of the city has also expanded, from the original south of the city along the river to today's Wulinmen area. Due to the communication of the canal, Hangzhou has become a distribution center for goods, with increasingly prosperous social economy and increasing population. Among the Tang Zhenguan (627-649), there were more than 6.5438+0.5 million people. By the time of Kaiyuan (7 13-74 1), it had grown to 580,000 people. At this time, Hangzhou has been tied with Guangzhou and Yangzhou, and it is one of the three major trading ports in ancient China.

In the second year of Changqing (822), the poet Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, dredging the West Lake on a large scale and building dikes and gates to facilitate farmland irrigation. Six wells was rebuilt after Li Bi.

Since then, the name of West Lake has become more and more famous in the world. (3) During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wu Yueguo was in the southeast, with Hangzhou as its capital.

At that time, Hangzhou was called Xifu or Xi Du, and the state belonged to Qiantang, which governed eight counties: Qiantang, Qianjiang, Yuhang, Anguo, Yuqian, Tangshan, Fuyang and Xincheng. Under the rule of three generations of wuyue and five emperors for 85 years, Hangzhou has developed into a national economic prosperity and cultural gathering place through the hard work of the working people.

Ouyang Xiu described this in You Mei Tangji: "Since the Five Dynasties, the people of Qiantang have been happy and prosperous. More than 100,000 people, lakes and mountains, Bohai merchants, coming in and out in the smoke, can be described as bustling! " Qian Liu, king of wuyue, built a "sub-city" in Phoenix Mountain, Hangzhou, with a palace as the national rule, and a "Luocheng" and 70 Li of Fiona Fang as the defense.

According to Wu Yue Shi, this metropolis starts from Wang Qin in the west, runs along Qiantang River to Jianggan, and is bounded by Qiantang Lake (West Lake) to Baoshi Mountain, and reaches Genshanmen in the northeast. Shaped like a waist drum, it is also known as the "waist drum city".

Yue attached great importance to the construction of water conservancy and introduced the water from the West Lake into the canal in the city. Along the Qiantang River, a hundred-mile revetment seawall was built by "stone pile method". In addition, Longshan Gate and Zhejiang Gate were built along Qiantang River to prevent salt water from flowing backwards, reduce tidal bore and expand land leveling. Using migrant workers to dig Pingjiang stone beach makes the navigation channel smooth and promotes the water traffic with coastal areas.

Set up thousands of "Julio soldiers" to dredge and protect the West Lake from being blocked by weeds. Three generations and five emperors in wuyue believed in Buddhism, and most of the temples, pagodas, classic buildings and grottoes around the West Lake in Hangzhou were built during that period.

At that time, Hangzhou was called "Buddhist country". (4) When the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was in the Northern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou was the road of "two Zhejiang roads"; In the first year of Daguan (1 107), it was promoted to Shuaifu, which governed Qiantang, Renhe, Yuhang, Lin 'an, Yuqian, Changhua, Fuyang, Deng Xin and Yan Guan.

At that time, the population had reached over 200,000, making it the most populous county in the south of the Yangtze River. Economic prosperity, textile, printing, brewing, paper industry developed, and foreign trade further developed. It is one of the four major commercial ports in China.

Successive local officials in Hangzhou have attached great importance to the renovation of the West Lake. In the fourth year of Yuan You (1089), Su Dongpo, a famous poet, was appointed as the magistrate of Hangzhou, and dredged the West Lake again and piled it across the south with dredged silt.

What is the nickname of West Lake in Hangzhou?

The nickname of Hangzhou West Lake is Hu Ming.

Hu Ming, the full name of Ming Sheng Lake, is another name of West Lake in Hangzhou, which comes from the poem "West Lake on February 20th" written by Ceng Gong in Song Dynasty: On the Ming Lake, the mirror is clear and the face is declining. It means: boating on the Ming Lake, and the clear water shines on my aging face like a mirror.

The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with an area of about 6.39 square kilometers, a width of about 2.8 kilometers from east to west, a length of about 3.2 kilometers from north to south, and a lake area of about 15 kilometers. The lake is bounded by Gushan, Bai Causeway, Su Causeway and Yang Gongdi, and is divided into five water surfaces: Waixi Lake, Xili Lake, Beili Lake, Xiaonan Lake and Yuehu Lake.

Extended data

West Lake belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, with warm and humid climate and distinct seasons. Annual average temperature 16.2℃, summer average temperature 28.6℃, winter average temperature 3.8℃, frost-free period 230-260 days. The annual average rainfall is 1500mm, and the average relative humidity is relatively high, ranging from 70% to 85%. With the reverse transformation of winter and summer monsoon, the weather conditions will change obviously seasonally, forming the climate characteristics of rainy spring, humid summer, fresh air in autumn and dry and cold winter.

The mountains around the West Lake are no more than 400 meters high, but the peaks are beautiful and the nymphs are beautiful. According to the difference of lithology and the height of mountain, it can be divided into two types: inner circle and outer circle. The outer circle includes Beifeng, tianmashan, Tianzhu Mountain and Wuyun Mountain. The mountain is mainly composed of seasonal sandstone, which has hard lithology and is not easy to be weathered and eroded. Beautiful peaks, vertical and horizontal streams and clear running water are the areas with the most springs in the West Lake. There are Feilai Peak, Nanfeng, Huangyushan, Fenghuang Mountain, Wushan, Geling Mountain and Baoshi Mountain in the inner circle. The mountain is relatively low, mainly limestone, which is easy to be eroded by water. There are many caves, such as smoke clouds, water music, stone houses, Zilai caves and Ziyun caves.

The alias of Hangzhou

(1) Hangzhou from Yuhang to Qiantang belonged to Yangzhou before the Zhou Dynasty.

Legend has it that during Xia's flood fighting, the whole country was divided into Kyushu, and the vast area south of the Yangtze River was collectively referred to as Yangzhou. In the 2nd/kloc-0th century BC, Yu Xia made a southern tour, and the vassal state of Huimeng was in Huiji Mountain (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He sailed through this place and left his Yuhang ("Hangzhou" is the Ark) here, hence the name "Yuhang".

It is said that Yu built a boat to cross here, and the Vietnamese call it "Yuhang". Later, according to oral tradition, Yu was called "Yu" and named "Yuhang". During the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue competed with China for hegemony. Hangzhou belongs to Wu first, and after Wu is destroyed, it belongs to Yue.

During the Warring States Period, the State of Yue was destroyed by the State of Chu, and Hangzhou was incorporated into the territory of the State of Chu. After Qin unified the six countries, there was a county named Qiantang in Lingyin Mountain, which belonged to Huiji County.

There is such a record in Historical Records of Qin Shihuang: "In October of the 37th year, the first emperor traveled ... across Danyang, to Qiantang and to Zhejiang, and the waves were terrible ..." This is the earliest recorded name of Qiantang in Historical Records.

The current urban area is still the beach frequented by rivers and tides at that time, and the West Lake has not yet formed. The Western Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and Hangzhou is still called Qiantang.

When Xin Mang changed Qiantang to Quanting County; In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qiantang County was restored as Wu County. At this time, the construction of farmland water conservancy in Hangzhou began to take shape, and the first seawall was built from Baoshishan to Wansongling. The West Lake began to break away from the sea and become an inner lake.

During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Hangzhou was Wuxing County of the State of Wu, belonging to Yangzhou. Due to foreign invasion, Jinshi moved south, which promoted the economic and cultural development on both sides of Jiangnan and Qiantang River.

At this time, the West Lake has been called "Ming Sheng Lake" and "Jinniu Lake". In the first year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (326), Huili, an Indian Buddhist, built Lingyin Temple under Feilai Peak, which is not only the oldest jungle building in the West Lake, but also the oldest famous temple in the south of the Yangtze River.

Later, alchemists Xu Mai, Ge Hong and others carried out activities such as writing books and alchemy and spreading religion at the foot of Wulin Mountain, Taoguangshan Mountain and Baoshishan Mountain, and the West Lake was gradually developed. In the third year of Taiqing in Liang Wudi (549), Qiantang County was promoted to Linjiang County.

In the first year of Zhenming, Chen Houzhu (587), Qiantang County was established, which governed Qiantang, Yuqian, Fuyang and Xincheng counties and belonged to Wu Zhou. (2) The name "Hangzhou" first appeared after the establishment of the Sui Dynasty. In the ninth year (589), the name "Hangzhou" first appeared.

Jurisdiction over Qiantang, Yuhang, Fuyang, Yan Guan, Yuqian and Wu Kang counties. The state first ruled Yuhang and moved to Qiantang the following year.

In the 11th year of Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty, a city was built on the Phoenix Mountain, which was the earliest Hangzhou city. Daye three years (607), renamed Yuhang County.

In six years, Su Yang has dug the Jiangnan Canal, starting from Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, and reaching Hangzhou via Suzhou and Jiaxing, with a total length of more than 400 kilometers. Since then, the Chen Gong Bridge has become the starting point and end point of the Grand Canal. This important geographical position has promoted the rapid development of Hangzhou's economy and culture.

"Geography of Sui Shu" describes: "Hangzhou and other counties are rich in rivers, land and sea, rare and exotic, and merchants merge." At this time, there were 15380 households in Yuhang County, and the household registration statistics in Hangzhou began.

In the Tang Dynasty, Hangzhou County was established, Yuhang County was reformed and Qiantang was ruled. In the fourth year of Wude (62 1), Qiantang was changed to Qiantang.

Taizong belongs to Jiangnan Road, which was renamed Yuhang County in the first year of Tianbao (742) and belongs to Jiangnan East Road. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), it was changed to Hangzhou, which belongs to Zhejiang West Road Festival. The state belongs to Qiantang, which governs eight counties: Qiantang, Yan Guan, Fuyang, Xincheng, Yuhang, Lin 'an, Yuqian and Tangshan.

The scope of the city has also expanded, from the original south of the city along the river to today's Wulinmen area. Due to the communication of the canal, Hangzhou has become a distribution center for goods, with increasingly prosperous social economy and increasing population. Among the Tang Zhenguan (627-649), there were more than 6.5438+0.5 million people. By the time of Kaiyuan (7 13-74 1), it had grown to 580,000 people. At this time, Hangzhou has been tied with Guangzhou and Yangzhou, and it is one of the three major trading ports in ancient China.

In the second year of Changqing (822), the poet Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, dredging the West Lake on a large scale and building dikes and gates to facilitate farmland irrigation. Six wells was rebuilt after Li Bi.

Since then, the name of West Lake has become more and more famous in the world. (3) During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wu Yueguo was in the southeast, with Hangzhou as its capital.

At that time, Hangzhou was called Xifu or Xi Du, and the state belonged to Qiantang, which governed eight counties: Qiantang, Qianjiang, Yuhang, Anguo, Yuqian, Tangshan, Fuyang and Xincheng. Under the rule of three generations of wuyue and five emperors for 85 years, Hangzhou has developed into a national economic prosperity and cultural gathering place through the hard work of the working people.

Ouyang Xiu described this in You Mei Tangji: "Since the Five Dynasties, the people of Qiantang have been happy and prosperous. More than 100,000 people, lakes and mountains, Bohai merchants, coming in and out in the smoke, can be described as bustling! " Qian Liu, king of wuyue, built a "sub-city" in Phoenix Mountain, Hangzhou, with a palace as the national rule, and a "Luocheng" and 70 Li of Fiona Fang as the defense.

According to Wu Yue Shi, this metropolis starts from Wang Qin in the west, runs along Qiantang River to Jianggan, and is bounded by Qiantang Lake (West Lake) to Baoshi Mountain, and reaches Genshanmen in the northeast. Shaped like a waist drum, it is also known as the "waist drum city".

Yue attached great importance to the construction of water conservancy and introduced the water from the West Lake into the canal in the city. Along the Qiantang River, a hundred-mile revetment seawall was built by "stone pile method". In addition, Longshan Gate and Zhejiang Gate were built along Qiantang River to prevent salt water from flowing backwards, reduce tidal bore and expand land leveling. Using migrant workers to dig Pingjiang stone beach makes the navigation channel smooth and promotes the water traffic with coastal areas.

Set up thousands of "Julio soldiers" to dredge and protect the West Lake from being blocked by weeds. Three generations and five emperors in wuyue believed in Buddhism, and most of the temples, pagodas, classic buildings and grottoes around the West Lake in Hangzhou were built during that period.

At that time, Hangzhou was called "Buddhist country". (4) When the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was in the Northern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou was the road of "two Zhejiang roads"; In the first year of Daguan (1 107), it was promoted to Shuaifu, which governed Qiantang, Renhe, Yuhang, Lin 'an, Yuqian, Changhua, Fuyang, Deng Xin and Yan Guan.

At that time, the population had reached over 200,000, making it the most populous county in the south of the Yangtze River. Economic prosperity, textile, printing, brewing, paper industry developed, and foreign trade further developed. It is one of the four major commercial ports in China.

Successive local officials in Hangzhou have attached great importance to the renovation of the West Lake. In the fourth year of Yuan You (1089), Su Dongpo, a famous poet, was appointed as a well-known poet in Hangzhou, and dredged the West Lake again to form a long embankment (Su Causeway) across the north and south.

What is the name of Hangzhou?

Hangzhou is also known as Lin 'an, Qiantang, Wulin and Waist Drum City.

1, Wulin: Hangzhou time-honored brand. Today, "Wulin" is still an important place name in Hang Cheng, such as Wulin Road, Wulin Square and Wulin Gate. The name of Wulin originates from Hanshu and is related to Wulin Mountain in China.

2. Qiantang: Qiantang County, the predecessor of Hangzhou, was established in the Qin Dynasty or the Warring States Period and is the first county in Hangzhou today. Qiantang County in Chen Nan was upgraded to Qiantang County, and the Sui Dynasty changed to Hangzhou, and Qiantang County was under its jurisdiction. "Qiantang" was renamed "Qiantang" in the Tang Dynasty, and Qiantang County was used as a county name until the Qing Dynasty.

3. Lin 'an: Lin 'an was originally the name of a county under the jurisdiction of Hangzhou. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou was called Lin 'an House. Therefore, the three local chronicles of the Southern Song Dynasty were all named after "Lin 'an" (Lin 'an in Dalu, Lin 'an in Chunyou and Lin 'an in Xianchun), and this Lin 'an refers to Hangzhou.

4. Waist Drum City: It was named after wuyue in the Five Dynasties. After Qian Liu built Hangzhou City for the second time, it surrounded the independent counties in a big city, showing a "waist drum" shape with a large distance from north to south and a small distance from east to west. Hence the name.

Extended data:

The historical evolution of ancient Hangzhou;

1, the western Han dynasty inherited the Qin system, and Hangzhou is still called Qiantang. When Xin Mang changed Qiantang to Quanting County; In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qiantang County was restored as Wu County.

2. After the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, nine years later (589), the county was abolished as a state, and the name "Hangzhou" first appeared. Tonglu entered Qiantang County and governed Qiantang County, Yuhang County, Fuyang County, Yan Guan County, Yuqian County and Wu Kang County.

3. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wu Yueguo was in the southeast and its capital was in Hangzhou. At that time, Hangzhou was under the jurisdiction of Qiantang, which governed Qiantang, Qianjiang, Yan Guan, Yuhang, Fuchun, Tonglu, Yuqian, Deng Xin, Hengshan and Wu Kang.

4. In the 13th year of Yuan Dynasty (1276), the Governor's Office of Zhejiang Province was established, followed by the appeasement department. 15 (1278) was upgraded to Hangzhou Road, which is the capital of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In Ming Dynasty, Hangzhou Road was changed to Hangzhou House, which was the seat of political envoy of Chengxuan in Zhejiang.

In the early Qing dynasty, there was a "flag camp" near the West Lake in Hangzhou, commonly known as "Mancheng". Ten miles around the city wall, there are Kaiyuan Road in the south, Court Road in the north, Zhongshan Road in the east and lakeside park in the west. There are six gates with a total area of 1436 mu, which is the "city within the city" of Hangzhou (demolished in the early Republic of China).

In the 21st year of Guangxu, the Qing Dynasty was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War and was forced to sign treaty of shimonoseki. Hangzhou was opened as a Japanese trading port, and Chen Gong Bridge became a Japanese concession. With the invasion of capitalist forces and the rise of Westernization Movement, Hangzhou's modern industry gradually developed.