Earthquake in the middle of the night, what should I do?

Basic knowledge of shock absorption and self-help and mutual rescue Most destructive earthquakes make people feel the ground shake for only a moment, only strong earthquakes can make people feel as long as a minute, and most destructive earthquakes last only a few seconds. Therefore, only by keeping calm and taking decisive measures to protect ourselves can we reduce the losses caused by disasters. Experts from the Seismological Bureau of the Province explained in detail the protection methods in various environments: 1. Methods of avoiding danger and self-help and mutual rescue in earthquake; 1. How do people at home protect themselves during the earthquake? When you feel the ground or buildings shaking, remember that the biggest damage comes from falling debris. At this time, you should move cleverly to avoid it. 1. In the house, quickly hide in a safe place, such as hiding under a desk, workbench or bed. In the unit building, you can choose small toilets and corners to reduce casualties. For outdoor residents living in bungalows, they can escape outdoors with quilts, pillows or helmets on their heads during the earthquake. When it's too late, it's best to stay indoors for shock absorption. Pay attention to stay away from the window, lean your head against the wall when you get down, put the pillow on the cross arm, close your eyes and mouth, and leave calmly after the earthquake. 2. In case of earthquake, the door frame will not open due to deformation, so it is best not to close the door when it is earthquake-proof. 3. If you are injured or buried under a collapsed object during an earthquake, you should first observe the surrounding environment and try to escape. If there is no passage, you should save your strength, listen to what is happening outside, knock on the iron pipe or wall and make a sound to come out for rescue. (2) How do outdoor personnel carry out personal protection during the earthquake? 1. People who are outdoors during the earthquake must not brave the vibration of the earth to go into the house to save their loved ones. They can only be rescued in time after the earthquake. 2. If you are walking on the sidewalk next to a tall building, you should quickly hide in front of the tall building to prevent sundries from falling and hurting yourself. Car drivers should brake on the spot. If you feel an earthquake on the hillside, don't run down the hill with the rolling stones. You should hide behind the raised hills on the hillside and stay away from the steep cliffs to prevent the threat of collapse, landslide and debris flow. At the seaside, if it is found that the sea water suddenly recedes, faster than the ebb tide and lower, we should pay attention to the sudden attack of the tsunami and move to a higher place as soon as possible. (3) How do people who work in their jobs protect themselves during an earthquake? When an earthquake occurs, people at work and production posts should first close the valves of flammable, explosive and toxic gases, and individuals should take immediate measures to prevent electric shock according to their environment. 1. During the earthquake, the staff in the office building should quickly hide under the table. 2. Workers working in the factory during the earthquake should immediately turn off the machine, cut off the power supply, and quickly hide under lathes, machine tools and tall equipment. (4) How can people in public places protect themselves during an earthquake? 1. In case of an earthquake in a theater, gymnasium, etc. Be calm, especially when the power is off, squat down or hide under the row chairs, pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans, and protect your head with a leather bag. 2. During the earthquake, when you are in shopping malls, bookstores, exhibition halls, etc. , you should choose a solid counter, articles or columns, and squat down in the inner corner, protect your head with your hands or other things, and avoid glass doors and windows. Students in class should hold their heads under the teacher's command, close their eyes quickly and hide under the desk. Second, the method of personal self-rescue after the earthquake, after the earthquake, before there is no foreign rescue, self-rescue is a struggle with death. Most of the personal injuries caused by earthquakes are caused by the collapse of houses. Once buried, do: 1. When buried under the ruins, we must have courage and perseverance. 2. After being buried, cover your nose, mouth and head with wet towels and clothes to avoid suffocation caused by dust, try to eliminate all kinds of objects pressing on your body, support the heavy objects with movable objects around you, expand the activity space and ensure sufficient air. If conditions permit, try to escape from danger. 3. After being buried, pay attention to the surrounding environment, find a passage and try to climb out. Don't shout if you can't climb out. When you hear someone calling outside, or knocking out, send a message to the outside world for help. 4. When you can't get out of danger, try to reduce physical exertion and try to get in touch with rescuers outside. Sun Dianxi, the chief reporter of this newspaper, sorted out that earthquakes have precursors, especially before strong earthquakes, there were some abnormal phenomena in metropolis. These anomalies closely related to the occurrence of earthquakes are called earthquake precursors. A common feature of earthquake precursors is that they all show some sudden changes in nature related to the occurrence of earthquakes, which is a signal warning of nature before earthquakes. Ground tilt, expansion, sea level rise and fall, etc. , reflecting the changes of geomagnetism, geoelectricity, ground temperature, electromagnetic wave, gravity, radon in water and water quality composition. These phenomena are the so-called micro-precursor phenomena. During the occurrence of major earthquakes, there are some abnormal phenomena before each major earthquake, especially rich macroscopic precursor phenomena. For example, well turbidity, bubbling, flowering, fever, discoloration, bad taste, steep rise and fall; Spring water suddenly dries up or gushes out; Abnormal reaction of animal habits; Earth sound, earth light, fireball; Abnormal flowering and fruiting of plants, etc. As a result, the masses summed up the following proverb: it is very important to prevent and treat by groups and predict macro-anomalies. Well water rises and falls, its color changes, and it smells bubbly. Fruit trees germinate ahead of time in anti-season. Mules, horses, cows and donkeys are not allowed to enter the circle. Dogs bark and howl on the house. Rats, snakes and rabbits come out of holes to avoid birds, while geese, ducks and flying domestic goldfish jump up and down. The sound on the ground is very strange. This is their way of predicting macro anomalies. The simple effect is that the abnormal changes of animals before the earthquake are particularly rich and prominent. People have long known about animal anomalies before earthquakes. According to the statistics of strong earthquake data in China in recent 40 years, there are more than 100 kinds of animals with abnormal reactions before the earthquake. Generally speaking, most animals react in panic before an earthquake. For example, they will be extremely nervous when they are hurt by the enemy, and a few will be depressed and depressed. Previous earthquake cases in China show that the lead time of animal anomalies is mostly around 24 hours, and the frequency of animal anomalies will increase before the earthquake 1 1 hour, reaching a climax 2-3 hours before the earthquake. Some large earthquakes have the phenomena of ground sound and ground light, which are complex and difficult to describe accurately. Generally speaking, it is different from the images and sounds of light that people are used to seeing and hearing, which makes people feel weird and even scared. Characteristics of ground light: it usually appears before or during the earthquake, and it also appears a few hours or earlier before the earthquake. It has different shapes, such as strip lamp, spherical lamp, sheet lamp, fire lamp, column lamp and so on. , and there are various colors, such as red, white, purple and orange. Geo-acoustic characteristics: Most of them appear before the earthquake or the epicenter, but some of them appear hours or even days before the earthquake. This kind of sound is similar to the roar of machines, thunder, guns, the roar of strong winds, the tearing sound of cloth, the rubbing sound of stones and so on. In addition, sudden weather or sudden changes such as high temperature, strong wind, heavy rain and heavy snow may occur. 1from February 9, 986 to August 6, 16, a moderate earthquake swarm occurred in Dedu, our province, and an earthquake of magnitude 5. 1 occurred in Lindian County, Daqing City on July 25, 2005. Before the earthquake, dogs barked, chickens and ducks didn't enter the nest, and they barked and flew around. Rats are not afraid of people, panic, scurrying around, and other abnormal animal habits. Therefore, it is very important for the group monitoring and prevention personnel who find these macroscopic anomalies to report them in time to realize the short-term and imminent earthquake prediction. ...