Three hundred Song Poems: Gui Zhixiang, Watch the balcony and close your eyes.

This article is the article "300 Song Ci Poems: Gui Zhi visits the door and closes his eyes" compiled for everyone. I hope you like it!

Introduction of works

Gui Zhi Xiang, Seeing Mu Guan was written by Wang Anshi, also known as Gui Zhi Xiang, Jinling Nostalgia, and was selected as one of the 300 Song Poems. This word was written by Wang Anshi after the strike. "Look away" always opens the whole chapter. Shang Kan wrote his views on landing in Jinling's old capital. Chengjiang, Cuifeng, Sailing, Sunset, Wine Flag, West Wind, Cloudy Pale and Heron Ascending outline the majestic scene of water, land and air in turn, and the realm is desolate. I wrote down my thoughts in Jinling. The word "Peng" makes a turning point, comparing the past and the present, criss-crossing time and space, and the reality and reality coexist, expressing the deep depression and heavy sigh of history and reality. "Old things in the Six Dynasties are like running water, cold smoke decays and grass is green" is the crowning touch of an article. The whole word is mixed with scenes, gloomy and tragic.

original text

Guizhi Gui boarded the gate and lost his eyes.

Author: Wang Anshi

This is the late autumn in the ancient country, and the weather is very early. Thousands of miles are like a river, like clusters of Qingfeng. Sail to the sunset, with the west wind at your back and the wine flag tilted. The colorful boat is cloudy, and the Milky Way heron rises, which is difficult to draw.

Miss the past, compete for prosperity, sigh outside the door, and continue to hate. Throughout the ages, it is a shame to look up to it. The past of the Six Dynasties flowed with the water, and the cold smoke faded the grass. Today, business women are still singing, and "backyard" is a heritage.

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Climbing to the top of the tall building, the scene of Jinling is late autumn, and the weather has just begun to get cold. The Yangtze River, which flows thousands of miles, is brewing into white chains, and the Qingfeng Mountain is majestic and steep as an arrow. The boats on the river are full of sails and heading for the sunset. The swaying wine flags lean outward against the west wind on the shore. Colorful floats haunt the clouds, and egrets in the middle of the river sometimes stop flying. This beautiful scenery is hard to draw with the most beautiful pictures.

Looking back on the past, luxurious and luxurious lives competed with each other endlessly, sighing that "Han Qinhu is outside the door and Zhang Lihua is on the roof" was followed by national subjugation. From a distance through the ages, the scenery you see is like this. Don't feel the gains and losses of the calendar. All the changes in the Six Dynasties disappeared with the flowing water, only the cold smoke and withered weeds in the suburbs were still green. Until now, women in business still don't know the sorrow and hatred of national subjugation, and always sing the legacy of "backyard" loudly.

To annotate ...

(1) Boarding to see you off: Climb the mountain near the water, look up and look far.

(2) Old country: Old capital, referring to Jinling.

(3) A thousand miles into a river is like training: describe the Yangtze River as a long white silk. From Xie Tiao's "Going to Sanshan to Wangjing in the evening": "Yu Xia is scattered into Qi, and Chengjiang is quiet as practice." Chengjiang, the clear Yangtze River. Practice, Beth.

(4) such as clustering: here, the peaks of clustering seem to be clustered together. Cluster, cluster.

(5) ZHAO: coming and going ships. Boating tools, shaped like paddles, can also be extended to the boat.

(6) Starting from the Star River Heron (Lü): Egrets fly from the sandbar in the water. There is Bailuzhou in the Yangtze River (now outside Shuiximen in Nanjing). Yinhe, Yinhe, here refers to the Yangtze River.

(7) drawing is difficult: it is also difficult to express it perfectly with pictures.

(8) Luxury struggle: (dignitaries in the Six Dynasties) strive to live a luxurious life. Competition: competing to emulate and chase.

(9) The building outside the door refers to the tragedy of Chen's national subjugation in the Southern Dynasties. Out of Du Mu's Taicheng Qu: "Han Qinhu is outside the door and Zhang Lihua is at the head of the building." Han Qinhu, the founding general of Sui Dynasty, has led an army to the south gate of Zhuquemen, Jinling, while Chen Houzhu is still having fun with his beloved concubine Zhang Lihua in Jijieting.

(10) Constant sorrow: refers to the constant occurrence of the tragedy of national subjugation.

(1 1) by height: climb high. This means that the author climbs high and sees far.

(12) Talk about honor and disgrace: sigh honor and disgrace. This is the author's exclamation.

(13) Six Dynasties: refers to the Three Kingdoms Wu, Eastern Jin, Southern Song, Qi, Liang and Chen. They all take Jinling as their capital.

(14) business women: singing women.

(15) The legacy of "Backyard" refers to the song "yushu backyard flower" handed down from ancient times by Chen Houzhu. Du Mu's Bo Qinhuai: "Businessmen don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing" backyard flowers "across the river." Later generations thought it was the voice of national subjugation.

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This word expresses Jinling people's nostalgia for the past and is an extraordinary masterpiece for the author. It was written when the author stopped talking and got to know jiangning house. Wang Anshi's empathy for natural scenery when he was frustrated and bored was fully revealed in his poems.

The whole word comes straight to the point, the screenwriter, Jinling Resort, the ancient capital of the Southern Dynasties, went to Linjiang Range Rover on a late autumn evening. Although he takes climbing high and looking far as the theme, he takes the late autumn in his hometown as his eyes. Words such as "Zheng", "Chu" and "Su" gradually awaken its theme.

The following two sentences, borrowed from Xie Jia's famous sentence in the Six Dynasties, seem to have come out: "Explaining the Tao makes people forget Xie Xuanhui.". That is to say, an "elephant training" and an "elephant cluster" have sprung up. Then I wrote about the color of the river. Looking at it, countless sails and shadows crisscross the sparkling river waves in the sunset. Looking closely, I saw that the west wind was tight, and the green flag of the restaurant was raised high, because the wind was blowing. The sail is a broad scene, the wine flag is a fine scene, and the poet's meaning is guided by scenery and personnel. A word "back" and a word "foundation" are used brilliantly, and the scenery along the river is vividly written, as if it were alive.

At this point, the scenery is rough, and the following has changed. The combination of "colorful boat" and "Xinghe" adds a touch of bright color. But the word beat has reached the rest of the film, so the pen is also here. It is quite common for everyone to praise it with the phrase "drawing is difficult". "Colorful boats are cloudy", and the river sky at sunset reads: "The Milky Way rises with herons", which looks like a continent in the evening.

The next film is another pen and ink, lamenting the fact that the Six Dynasties were all destroyed by famine. It is about sorrow, hatred, honor and disgrace, and it is empty for future generations to mourn; There is no trace of the past, only autumn grass is blue, which is shocking. The "building outside the door" is also concise and powerful with Du Mu's "Taicheng Qu".

The ending of this poem is more wonderful. The poet wrote: Today, the Six Dynasties are far away, and their legacy is still audible. Allusions are used here "A strong woman in business doesn't know how to hate her country, but also sings" backyard flowers "across the river!" This famous sentence sung by Tang Xian Komori in "The Smoke Cage is full of sand and the night is near Qinhuai Restaurant" has been repeatedly used by the poet, full of endless feelings and lasting forever.

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1067 (the fourth year of Pingping), Wang Anshi's political reform was frustrated by the opposition of conservatives, and the old emperor released him as the mayor of Nanjing (the magistrate of Jiangning). According to the ancient and modern thorns, Wang Anshi and his friends visited Jinling landscape in late autumn. Facing the vast Yangtze River, he filled in more than 30 words with the name of Cinnamomum cassia twig, and only his words were called the swan song. This poem was sung to Su Dongpo, who praised it: "This is the essence of wild foxes!"

"Ancient and modern thorns": "Jinling nostalgia, more than 30 people sent cinnamon sticks, Wang Jue sang. Dongpo saw it and sighed:' This old man is a wild fox' ".

Huang Sheng's Selected Poems of Hua 'an is entitled "Jinling Nostalgia", which is a masterpiece with broad vision and high consciousness. The first part depicts the beautiful scenery of Jinling mountains and rivers, with a large amount of pens and broad weather. "Boarding the plane is wrong" begins with telling the truth, and "drawing is difficult" is to praise and collect evil spirits. In the meantime, I wrote about the victory of Jinling, the early autumn of Tianyu, the green peak of Chengjiang, the return of the sunset, the night berthing of floats, two sentences and one scene, delicate brushwork and bright colors, so it is the victory of Jiangshan. The next film laments the tragic history of the rulers of the Six Dynasties who fought for flowers and jade and made the same mistakes in their national subjugation, implying condemnation and grief. "Miss the past", marry the old country and express your feelings instead. "Building outside the door", tightening Tang poetry, saving the country with Chen Zhiyi, and summing up the lessons of the rise and fall of past dynasties, one equals ten. "Eternal Height" responded to "landing" and "rambling", and from the perspective of the long history, it exudes infinite feelings. "Old Story" and "Fangcao" compare the hurried personnel with nature. At the end of his poems, Du Fu declared that he had endless yearning for the past. This is very generous, the world is still drunk, and I wake up alone. The whole article has lofty ideas, clear brushwork, a long history of mourning, and a tactful and concise singing method. How can it be achieved without great efforts? According to the ancient and modern records, at that time, "there were more than 30 people who sent Guizhi incense, and Wang Nai sang a swan song". Dongpo praised it as "the essence of wild foxes", which was not for no reason.

Jinling is now Nanjing, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. Since the capital was established in 222 AD, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen have successively established their capitals here. In the Zhao and Song Dynasties, the city was still crowded and brightly lit, showing a bustling atmosphere. Geographically, Jinling is called a magnificent place, where tigers live in the dragon's nest. River of no return, into the sea. Mountains, hills, rivers and lakes crisscross. Qinhuai River runs through the city like a jade belt, and Xuanwu Lake and Mochou Lake are like two pearls embedded in the left and right of the city. Wang Anshi wrote this political lyric poem, "The interest is empty", thinking that the country is still the same, personnel changes, and nostalgia for the past.

The first part of the word is mainly about scenery. The author climbed into the distance in a cool late autumn weather and saw the most distinctive scenery of Jinling: the Yangtze River is as clear as plain white satin, and the green peaks on both sides seem to be scrambling to gather; At sunset, the sails in the river come and go, and the flags of restaurants on the shore fly against the west wind. At first glance, all kinds of boats are hidden in the light clouds; A flock of egrets rose in the sky of the galactic continent. Such a magnificent scenery is really "difficult to draw"! In the next sentence, the author turned to the theme of nostalgia. The word "nostalgia for the past" opens up the contrast between time and space, pointing out that the rulers of the Six Dynasties competed to live a life of luxury and shortage, so that, like Chen Houzhu, the enemy was already in Enemy at the Gates, and he was still having fun with a group of concubines (here, "outside the door" means Mututai's city song: "Han Qinhu is outside the door, Zhang Lihua is in the building"). The last six monarchs were like merry-go-round. The author deeply laments: Throughout the ages, people have been climbing to mourn, but they all feel ups and downs in the air. The old story of the Six Dynasties, with the river that died in the East gone forever, left only a few wisps of cold smoke and a piece of green grass. Finally, the author points out that the lesson of national subjugation in the Six Dynasties has been forgotten by borrowing the poem "A businesswoman doesn't know how to hate national subjugation, but still sings the garden flowers across the river" in Bo Qinhuai by Du Mu. The three sentences at the end of this sentence profoundly satirize the present.

Wang Anshi was appointed as the magistrate of Jiangning at the beginning of Zongning (the governor is now Nanjing) and entered the center two years later. This word is used as a magistrate. As a great reformer and thinker, he stood tall and saw far. Through the understanding of the historical lessons of the Six Dynasties, this word expresses his dissatisfaction with the social reality of the Northern Song Dynasty and reveals his awareness of being prepared for danger in times of peace. At the same time, this word also has artistic achievements, which embodies the author's literary proposition of "washing old habits in five generations" Although there were some famous poets such as Yan Shu and Liu Yong in the Northern Song Dynasty, they did not break through the barrier of "Ci is a colorful subject" and their ci style was weak. Wang Anshi's whole poem has a broad artistic conception, and the magnificent scenery blends harmoniously with the historical content, forming its own style. Poems in past dynasties quoted ancient and modern times as saying, "Jinling remembers the past, and sent more than 30 people with cinnamon sticks, and Wang Nai sang a swan song." Although Wang Anshi wrote a few words in his life, this word can be sung through the ages.

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First of all, the scenery of this poem is magnificent and the weather is vast, which fully shows the author's high foothold and broad mind. The first three sentences are generally written. In a few words, the season, place and weather are clearly explained, and the whole word is put in a perspective overlooking the fence. In a crisp autumn atmosphere, the momentum is extraordinary. The following "A thousand miles into a river is like a practice" describes water, and "Qingfeng is like a cluster" describes mountains, which describes the situation of mountains and rivers in Jinling as a whole and depicts a broad background for the whole poem. Navigation is a concrete description of the scenery under this background. On the river, countless sails are sailing in a hurry in the afterglow of the sunset. Compared with "Western jackdaw is somewhat west outside the sunset, and the water flows around the lonely village" (Qin Guan's Man Ting Fang), the former is vast and magnificent, while the latter is sad and has a different style. However, many jagged wine flags on both sides of the Yangtze River are floating in the wind. Compared with Du Mu's "Wine Flag Wind in Guo Shan in Water Village", the difference between bodybuilding and bodybuilding is obvious. As for "colorful boats are cloudy, herons rise to the Milky Way", just like the focal plane is further pushed away, with the sails drifting away, the poet's field of vision is also expanded, so that water and heaven can be integrated into one, and the myriad manners of the Yangtze River are written in a broader space. From a distance, the sails are like floating in the faint white clouds, and the flying egrets are like starting from the Milky Way. After reading this, I can't help but think of Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting: "The sunset is lonely in Qi Fei, and the autumn water is the same as the sky." One is eternal parallel prose, and the other is unprecedented ci creation, which is really the same. The word scenery is mixed with reality, alternating with shades, interlaced with distance, combined with reality, and the shades are appropriate, which constitutes a wonderful landscape map of Jinling. Its broad, fresh realm, vigorous and magnificent style are incomparable to those works such as Small Garden Fragrant Path and Falling Moon.

Secondly, the idea is novel and far-sighted, which shows the insight of a sober politician. The comments made by Gui Zhixiang in his next films are by no means lamenting personal joys and sorrows, but reflecting his concern and anxiety about the future of the country and the nation. The first three sentences, "I miss the luxury struggle in the past, sigh on the roof outside the door, and complain constantly", were read by exposing the rulers of the Six Dynasties who built Jinling as their capital and used the beautiful mountains and rivers in the south of the Yangtze River to fight for luxury and waste the country; People who sigh are contemptuous of their tragedy after tragedy, which is both sad and hateful. The criticism of this sentence is that since ancient times, literati and poets have only lamented the rise and fall of dynasties in the face of Jinling mountains and rivers, failed to jump out of the small circle of honor and disgrace, and failed to stand at the proper height, so it is difficult to learn historical lessons from the successive collapse of the Six Dynasties. Now, the past of the Six Dynasties has gone with the flowing water, leaving only a few lifeless strands of hay shrouded in cold smoke. This song "Cold Smoke Rotting Grass Coagulating Green" clearly reveals the author's dissatisfaction with the failure to make great efforts to govern the country in the Northern Song Dynasty. The whole word focuses on the conclusion: "Today, business women still sing all the time, and the music stays in the backyard." The so-called "backyard heritage" is Chen Houzhu's colourful song "Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu". In this sense, Du Mu, a man in the Tang Dynasty, also wrote: "Business women don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river." However, unlike Du Mu, the author does not blame the ignorance of business women, but refers to scolding, implying that geisha is still singing the voice of national subjugation, precisely because those in power indulge in debauchery and lead a drunken life. However, it will be as sad as the Six Dynasties if we don't change course and take measures to enrich Qiang Bing. This sentence is tantamount to a warning to the Northern Song Dynasty. Some people say that Li is the prototype of Wang Anshi's item. From the perspective of language and syntax, Wang Ci was really influenced by Zhang Ci. However, Zhang Sheng is only a kind of negative sadness about the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties: "What happened in the Six Dynasties is gossip. Looking at the floor, there is nothing to say when it is cold. " The ideological realm of these two words can hardly be mentioned in the same breath.

Third, the composition pays attention to the writing of prose, which is coherent and extremely similar. In the first sentence of the last movie, the word "seeing is wrong" enveloped the whole article, and an article was born. The second sentence "old country" points to Jinling, paving the way for the next discussion of homesickness. The following scenery is written from a general perspective, followed by close-up and prospect, and finally stopped at "painting difficulty", which not only summarizes the above scenery, but also naturally turns to the following discussion. This arrangement is very appropriate and natural. The following film opens a discussion: Jinling is so magnificent, but it is a historical witness to the successive demise of the Six Dynasties. The three sentences of "thinking about the past and thinking about the future" show the attitude towards the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, and the two sentences of "leaning on the sky to shine through the ages" write the views on the works that have always paid tribute to Jinling. The following is to turn it into reality, and the sentence goes back to today. The head and tail are round, the structure is precise, and the layers are unfolded. There are scenes in the lyrics, such as Yan Shu's "Walking on the Sand": "A sad dream wakes up and the sunset shines deep in the courtyard", which is an inexplicable spring worry; There is a love complex, such as Liu Yong's "Wu Fengqi": "Clothes are getting wider and wider without regrets, and people are haggard for Iraq", which shows a single-minded and sincere love. Guizhixiang ends with a discussion, in which the author's views on major practical and political issues are entrusted. These characteristics of the text structure of Guizhixiang reflect that the development of Ci is characterized by prose after entering slow Ci.

Fourth, allusions are appropriate and natural. "A thousand miles into a river is like practicing" is a poem in Xie Tiao's "Going to Three Mountains at Night and Returning to Wangjing": "Yu Xia is scattered into beautiful scenery, and Chengjiang is as quiet as practicing." The Star River Herons Rise is based on a poem written by Li Bai when he boarded the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing: "Three mountains and a half fall out of the sky, like this egret is divided into Dao Jiang". "Sighing on the roof outside the door, sorrow and hatred continue" is an allusion of the Sui Dynasty's destruction of the past: when Enemy at the Gates was in China, the heartless General Sui was still singing and dancing with his beloved concubine Zhang Lihua. Du Mu's "Taicheng Qu" once recited this matter: "Han Qinhu is outside the door and Zhang Lihua is at the top of the building." But Wang Anshi skillfully only borrowed the word "building outside the door". "Outside the door" said that the army was besieged, and "Loutou" said that it was shameless, which was extremely refined and vividly showed the collapse of the Six Dynasties. The word "sorrow and hatred" summarizes the history of the Southern Dynasties. The end of the sentence is based on Du Mu's poem "Bo Qinhuai", but it is endowed with more profound and incisive ideological content. Before Wang Anshi, it was rare to use four allusions in one word.

Brief introduction of the author

The name of Wang Anshi (102 11October18-1086 May 21) is Fu Jie, which is in the middle of this mountain. After his death, he chased posthumous title "Wen", and the world called him Wang Wengong, because his own name was Mr. Linchuan. Linchuan Wang Anshi Memorial Hall

, Linchuan, Jiangxi (now Dengjiaxiang, Linchuan District), an outstanding politician, writer, thinker and reformer in China. Outstanding literary achievements. His poem "Learn from Du Fu's thin and bitter songs" is good at reasoning and rhetoric, and is good at using allusions. His style is vigorous, alert and delicate, and there are also works with deep feelings. He is the author of Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan. There are Wang Linchuan Collection and Linchuan Collection. In the second year, Li Qing ranked fourth in Yang Jian's list, and successively served as the judge of Huainan East Road [Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province] and the magistrate of Yinxian County [Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province]. Zhou Shu sentenced [Anqing City, Anhui Province] and Jiangnan East Road to imprisonment. In the fourth year of Zhiping (A.D. 1067), Zong Shenchu ascended the throne, and Zhao 'an was called a bachelor of Hanlin from Jiangning Fuxue. In the second year of Xining (AD 1069), he was promoted to participate in politics. Since Xining three years ago, he has served as a member of the same school twice to publicize the new law. Ning lived in seclusion after nine years' strike and died in Zhongshan and posthumous title, Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), also known as Wang Wengong. Its political reform had a far-reaching impact on the social economy in the late Northern Song Dynasty and had the characteristics of modern reform. Lenin praised him as "1 1 century China's great reformer". Together with "Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe and Ceng Gong", they are called "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". For more appreciation of Tang poetry and Song poetry, please pay attention to Guo Xuexi's related articles. com ( www.xigutang.com )。

English translation of song ci

In Nanjing: A Memory

When I arrived in this ancient Chinese capital,

The air in autumn becomes fresh, just like today.

I climbed high and looked at the Yangtze River.

Like a silk belt, it covers a thousand miles.

Its mountains overlap, and from a distance,

The mountain peak is like a bunch of emerald green.

The sunset lit up all the masts;

The door of the hotel fluttered with every explosion.

Behind us, in the mist, colorful ships stare at us;

The eagle seems to dance in the mist of the nebula.

You can't copy any kind of pictures-

The lines and colors of its beautiful scenery.

I recall the struggle for power and fame in the past;

How did Chen lose his territory and throne?

Inside Hong Niao Gate is the Silk Knot Hall.

There, his concubine witnessed his tragic depravity.

The grief of losing one's motherland is closely followed—

The resulting hatred of tyranny.

The ruins remind us of the rise and fall of the empire.

It is futile to regret their rise and fall.

The Six Dynasties were like a dream, and they passed away.

The mist on the hay is what is left today.

Now, regardless of the loss of sovereignty,

The girls in the choir are still singing Flowers in the Backyard.