Urgent!!!! Asking for 2000-2010 natural disasters in China

Ten natural disaster events in 2007:

(1) The second major basin-wide flood since 1954 occurred in the Huaihe River Basin in July

( 2) On July 17, Chongqing was hit by the strongest thunderstorm in 115 years

(3) On July 18, Jinan was hit by the biggest thunderstorm in the history of meteorological records

(4) August In the middle of the month, the super typhoon "Shengpa" ravaged seven southern provinces

(5) A 6.4-magnitude earthquake occurred in Pu'er, Yunnan on June 3

(6) A historically rare snowstorm and storm surge in early March Hitting Northeast and North China

(7) The three provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan suffered severe floods in late July

(8) Continuous heavy rainfall hit seven southern provinces in early June

(9) Sichuan suffered continuous severe rainstorms and floods in early July

(10) Northeast China suffered from severe summer drought from June to August

The Ministry of Civil Affairs recently released the 2007 China's natural disasters and disaster relief work in 2007 pointed out that since 2007, China has experienced abnormal climate, severely uneven rainfall, frequent extreme weather events, multiple disasters, and many areas. Some areas have been hit by repeated and consecutive disasters, and some areas have suffered from rain, floods, and droughts. , the disaster exceeded historical records, with direct economic losses reaching 236.3 billion yuan.

According to statistics, various natural disasters in the country in 2007 caused about 400 million people (times) to be affected to varying degrees, 2,325 people died due to disasters, and 14.99 million people (times) were emergency relocated; crops The affected area was 730 million acres, including 86.2 million acres with no harvest; 1.46 million collapsed houses.

According to reports, China's natural disasters in 2007 mainly showed five characteristics: first, multiple disasters occurred concurrently, with heavy losses caused by floods and droughts; second, there were many spots and wide areas, and repeated disaster areas were large; third, there were abnormal climate, Extreme weather events occur frequently; fourth, typhoons land more late and more often, resulting in fewer casualties and losses; fifth, cities are affected by disasters, with profound economic and social impacts.

Industry insiders analyzed that the main disasters causing death in 2007 were floods and landslides, accounting for about 63% of the national total, followed by wind and hail disasters. The main causes of death due to disasters are being washed away by floods (drowning), lightning strikes, landslides and mudslides, and building collapses. Among them, the proportion of deaths caused by lightning strikes increased from 14% in 2006 to 25%, and the number of deaths caused by lightning strikes was significantly higher than in previous years.

Analysis Report on the Overall Situation of Safety Accidents in Primary and Secondary Schools in the Nation in 2006 1. Overview of Safety Accidents in Primary and Secondary Schools in the Nation in 2006

In 2006, various safety accidents reported by various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities across the country Among the accidents, accidental disasters (drowning, traffic, stampede, carbon monoxide poisoning, house collapse, accidents) accounted for 59%; social safety accidents (fights, campus injuries, suicides, residential fires) accounted for 31%; natural disasters (floods, tornadoes, Earthquakes, hail, heavy rain, landslides) account for 10%. Among them, drowning accounted for 31.25%, traffic accidents accounted for 19.64%, fights accounted for 10.71%, campus injuries accounted for 14.29%, poisoning accounted for 2.68%, student stampedes accounted for 1.79%, suicide accounted for 5.36%, house collapse accounted for 0.89%, and natural disasters accounted for 9.82%, and other accidents accounted for 3.57%.

On the whole, 61.61% of the various campus safety accidents reported in primary and secondary schools across the country in 2006 occurred outside schools, mainly drownings and traffic accidents. The number of these two types of accidents accounted for the whole year. 50.89% of the total number of accidents of all types accounted for more than 60% of the total number of student deaths throughout the year. Among them, traffic accidents caused the largest number of injuries, accounting for 45.74% of the total number of injuries throughout the year. The main reason for drowning accidents is that primary and secondary school students have weak safety awareness and go swimming in non-swimming areas during summers and holidays, which leads to accidents. The main cause of traffic accidents is drivers' illegal driving.

According to statistics, there were more food poisoning accidents among students in 2006 than in 2005. All kinds of food poisoning accidents among students throughout the year accounted for 10% of all public health accidents in various schools throughout the year. 31% of the total. Among all types of food poisoning accidents among students, 28% were caused by microbial food poisoning, 24% were poisoned by poisonous animals and plants (81% of which were caused by undercooked beans), 9% were caused by chemical food poisoning, and 39% were caused by unknown causes. food poisoning. The main reasons for school food poisoning accidents are that some school leaders have weak safety awareness, inadequate safety management, insufficient supervision and inspection of school food and hygiene work, and unstandardized operations by school cafeteria staff, especially in rural primary and secondary schools. There is a general lack of full-time and part-time health personnel, and living and health infrastructure and conditions such as school canteens, drinking water, toilets, and dormitories are poor, and there are many health and safety risks.

2. Characteristics of safety accidents in primary and secondary schools in 2006

Analysis of the accident area, school period, time, location, date, responsibility, etc., the campus safety of primary and secondary schools in 2006 The accident mainly shows the following characteristics:

1. Rural areas are areas where campus safety accidents are prone to occur.

Of the various campus safety incidents reported in primary and secondary schools across the country in 2006, 27.68% occurred in cities and 72.32% occurred in rural areas. The number of safety accidents, deaths and injuries in rural primary and secondary schools are significantly higher than those in cities, 2.9 times, 3.9 times and 4.2 times respectively.

The main reasons for safety accidents in rural primary and secondary schools are poor school conditions and incomplete infrastructure. In addition, teachers and students' weak safety awareness and obvious loopholes in school safety management are also important reasons for accidents.

2. Lower grade students are more likely to have safety accidents.

Of the various campus safety incidents reported across the country in 2006, 43.75% occurred in elementary schools, 34.82% occurred in junior high schools, and 9.82% occurred in high schools. In 2006, the ratio of the number of accidents in primary schools, junior high schools and high schools was 4.5:3.6:1, the ratio of fatalities was 6.6:4.8:1, and the ratio of injured people was 7.4:4.7:1.

Compared with senior students, junior students have less life experience and safety knowledge, have relatively weak safety awareness, and have poor self-protection capabilities. This is the main reason for the frequent safety accidents among junior students. .

3. Campus injuries are increasing.

In 2006, 25% of safety incidents occurred within schools, mainly campus injuries and student fights, of which 56% were campus injuries, mainly including kidnapping, explosions, knife injuries, arson, sexual assault, etc. safety incident. Several typical cases that occurred in 2006 showed that an important reason for the increase in campus injuries was the imperfect safety management within the school, which led to a small number of "bad apples" infiltrating the faculty and staff, and individual illegal persons from outside the school entering the campus, resulting in tragic campus injuries. occur.

4. Holidays are accident-prone periods.

Drownings, suicides and other accidents occur during and around holidays such as summer vacations and weekends. 36% of safety accidents among primary and secondary school students occur during summer vacations and holidays throughout the year. In addition, 89% of accidents throughout the year occurred during the day, mainly including traffic accidents, drowning accidents, campus injury accidents, stampedes, and student fights; 11% of accidents occurred at night, mainly due to flash floods, heavy rains, earthquakes, etc. Natural disasters, carbon monoxide poisoning and other accidents, a few of which involve criminals raping and killing female students on their way to and from school or intruding into student dormitories.

5. Accident-prone places are mainly concentrated on the way to and from school, rivers, reservoirs, schools and their surroundings.

In 2006, 32% of all kinds of accidents among primary and secondary school students occurred on the way to and from school, with traffic accidents being the main category, including individual rapes, student fights and other accidents; 39% occurred in schools Among them, campus injuries and student fights were the main ones, and there were also a few accidents such as stampedes, house collapses, and carbon monoxide poisoning; 24% occurred in rivers, reservoirs and highways, of which drowning accidents were the main ones, including some that occurred on the roads for non-students to go to and from school. Traffic accidents on highways; 5% occur in students' homes, including individual student suicides, carbon monoxide poisoning, fires and other accidents.

6. Students’ weak safety awareness is an important reason for most accidents.

Among the various safety accidents reported across the country in 2006, 10% were caused by objective reasons such as natural disasters, and the number of student deaths accounted for 10.84% ??of the total number of student deaths throughout the year; 90% were The number of student deaths caused by other types of safety accidents accounted for 89.16% of the total student deaths throughout the year. Among them, 45% of the accidents occurred due to students' weak safety awareness, 18% of the accidents occurred due to school management problems, and 27% of the accidents occurred due to school management problems. Accidents occur due to social traffic, public security and other reasons.

3. Countermeasures to further improve safety work in primary and secondary schools in the future

Through the analysis of safety accidents in primary and secondary schools in 2006, in the future, we must seize the key links, grasp the rules, and effectively strengthen To ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of safety work, focus on the following aspects:

First, we must focus on strengthening safety work in primary and secondary schools in rural areas, increase investment in rural education, and actively improve the conditions for running rural primary and secondary schools. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as canteens, drinking water, dormitories and toilets in primary and secondary schools in rural areas. Further strengthen supervision and inspection efforts, with particular emphasis on inspecting the safety of school buildings and facilities (especially boarding schools), the management of the school's surrounding environment, as well as strengthening safety education for teachers and students, and establishing a safety management responsibility system and emergency response mechanism. Eliminate safety hazards promptly.

The second is to conscientiously implement the "Guidance Outline for Public Security Education for Primary and Secondary School Students" and carry out in-depth, diverse and lively safety education among primary and secondary school students based on the cognitive characteristics of students of different ages. Educational activities, in particular, should focus on strengthening safety knowledge education for lower-grade students, effectively improve their safety awareness and safety protection capabilities, and enable them to develop good behaviors and habits of consciously abiding by various safety regulations as soon as possible. In particular, safety education should be carried out in primary and secondary schools before winter and summer vacations or after the start of school.

The third is to work hard to ensure the safety of students on their way to and from school.

The education department should work closely with the public security, transportation and other departments to increase the investigation and rectification of vehicles that shuttle students to and from school, actively carry out safety education and publicity for drivers of various types of vehicles, and actively establish and improve the school bus management system. At the same time, we must actively communicate with parents of students to establish and improve the transportation and handover system for students to and from school to ensure that students are not allowed to ride in vehicles with safety risks such as assembled trucks, scrapped trucks, tractors, and illegally operated buses.

The fourth is to strengthen safety training for principals and teachers of primary and secondary schools. The selection of training objects should focus on the grassroots, rural areas, accident-prone areas and areas with weak school management; the training should focus on the use of case analysis methods, grasp some key links, adopt an easy-to-understand form, and directly inform the principals and teachers What to do, how to do it, and strive to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the training.

The fifth is to strengthen the school's internal management and implement various safety precautions. In particular, we must implement campus security and night patrol and duty systems. It is necessary to make a good "entrance" to the school and strictly prevent a small number of "bad apples" from mixing into the principal and teaching staff. It is necessary to promptly discover safety hazards in the school, actively carry out psychological intervention and psychological counseling, pay attention to resolving conflicts between individual teachers and students and between students, and avoid conflicts between teachers and students. Conflicts intensify and cause injuries.

Sixth, we must thoroughly implement the "Compulsory Education Law", "Protection of Minors Law" and "Safety Management Measures for Primary and Secondary Schools and Kindergartens", implement the eight measures of the Ministry of Public Security and the six measures of the Ministry of Education, and work closely with relevant departments Cooperate, work together, and strive to form a long-term mechanism for joint management, and effectively improve the level of school safety work in accordance with the law.