How to take technical measures to prevent and reduce disasters in planting industry in June? Zhejiang province gives official guidance!

According to the information of Zhejiang Meteorological Ob

How to take technical measures to prevent and reduce disasters in planting industry in June? Zhejiang province gives official guidance!

According to the information of Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory, Zhejiang entered Mei on May 29th. In most years, the rainy season usually lasts for 20-25 days. It is expected that there will be many precipitation processes in June, and the main disastrous weather will be heavy rain to heavy rain. Then, how can the planting industry do well in disaster prevention and mitigation technical measures in June? Zhejiang gives official guidance!

I. Rice

At present, Zhejiang early rice is in the stage of young panicle differentiation and will soon enter the heading and flowering stage; Single-season late rice is in the stage of seedling raising and transplanting, and some early sowing and early planting have entered the tillering stage. Continuous or heavy rainfall in flood season can easily delay the rice planting season, and at the same time, it will cause problems such as lack of seedlings in the field, loss of chemical fertilizer, too long water accumulation in the field or too deep water layer, which will hinder the growth of rice roots and is not conducive to the optimization of rice population structure and the robust growth of individuals.

1, promptly introduce seedlings. Open the field to prevent the water from being too deep; After heavy rainfall, shallow water should be drained in time. Rainy days can be drained at one time; The hot sun should be discharged slowly and gradually, and an appropriate water layer should be reserved.

2. Check the seedlings and replant them in time. Affected by heavy rain, rice fields or rice seedlings in fields may be seriously flooded or washed away. At the same time, do a good job in restoring rice fields and replant them in time. In case of seedling shortage and seedling dropping in the field caused by heavy rainfall, the transplanted field should be planted evenly, righted in time, and the debris and soil on the seedlings should be cleaned up for replanting. For single-season late rice that has not been planted, it is necessary to sow it as soon as possible, and the deep application technology of mechanical transplanting can reduce the loss of fertilizer in rainy days.

3. Fertilize according to seedling classification. After flooding, the paddy field loses more fertilizer, about 3 ~ 5 days after the water recedes. The application of tillering fertilizer in paddy field in the late single season can increase the yield of urea by 3 ~ 5 kg or 12.5 ~ 15 kg per mu. So as to enhance the stress resistance of plants and accelerate the recovery of growth. Early rice with panicle fertilizer can be topdressing urea 4-5 kg per mu.

4. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds. In the rainy season, it is necessary to grab sunny days in time and do chemical weeding, especially in single-season late rice fields; The early rice field has a large population and high humidity during the plum flood season, so we should attach great importance to the prevention and control of sheath blight.

Second, rape and dry food.

At present, some rapeseed and wheat have not been harvested, so we should pay close attention to harvesting. Mature corn should also be harvested in time; Spring soybean is in the pod-bulging stage, so it needs to be ditched to remove stagnant water. Warm and humid environment is beneficial to the occurrence of soybean anthracnose and affects the quality of soybean. Prochloraz, thiophanate-methyl and carbendazim should be used in time for control. Summer soybeans and sweet potatoes are in the sowing period, and rainy days are conducive to seedling emergence, but drainage should be done in time to prevent flooding.

Third, vegetables.

1. Clear ditches and drain water in time. Do a good job of cleaning ditches and managing canals, keep ditches unblocked, and remove accumulated water in the fields in time to prevent waterlogging. When there is serious water accumulation in the field during the rainstorm, it is necessary to use a pump to rush to discharge it to ensure safety during the flood season.

2. Early harvest of nearly ripe fruits and vegetables. Grab flooded fields and vegetables that are not tolerant to waterlogging and reduce losses caused by disasters. Amaranth, Mao Mao vegetables and other fast-growing leafy vegetables should be harvested and supplied to the market in time according to market conditions.

3. Strengthen the management of field vegetables. After the disaster, plants should be managed in time, diseased leaves should be removed, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed to extend the harvest period; Use greenhouse facilities for rain-proof cultivation to avoid direct rain and field water accumulation and prevent excessive soil moisture. If possible, insect nets can be used together to effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.

4. Clean up the countryside in time. Clear the garden in time after stubble replacement, and take measures such as uncovering the film, opening the shed and wetting, irrigation and fallow, high temperature shed closure or soil disinfection to reduce the obstacles of continuous cropping of soil; Harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of plant residues and water bamboo stalks should be carried out, and measures such as fermentation and composting, appropriate returning to the field and border covering in dry land should be taken according to local conditions to reduce the number of pests and diseases and prevent rot from polluting the environment.

5. Prevent and control pests and diseases in time. The main diseases are powdery mildew, downy mildew, anthracnose, leaf spot, bacterial angular spot, bacterial soft rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and so on. The main pests are aphids, pod borers, cabbage caterpillars, snails, yellow striped beetles, simian leaf beetles, diamondback moths and so on. According to different varieties and the degree of harm, select safe counterpart drugs for clearance, pay attention to the rotation and reasonable collocation of pesticides, and strictly implement the safe interval of pesticides. At the same time, combined with pest control, exogenous fertilization and growth regulation are carried out to promote crop recovery, such as spraying 0.2 ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and brassinolide. Therefore, the stress resistance and disease resistance of plants are improved and the harvest period is prolonged.

6. Reasonably arrange the next crop production. Use the intermittent weather when the rain stops to sow Mao Mao vegetables, amaranth and other heat-resistant fast-growing varieties in batches. Arrange the production of the next crop of vegetables as soon as possible, sow autumn vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, cauliflower and cabbage in time, cover the seedlings with sunshade nets in greenhouse facilities, and cover the seedlings with straw or sunshade nets in the open field of autumn cowpea and kidney bean to prevent soil hardening caused by rain erosion and improve the seedling rate.

Fourth, fruit.

1. During the rainy season, do a good job in picking mature fruits such as bayberry. Next month is the mature season of bayberry, blueberry, early-maturing peach and other fruits, and it has also entered the rainy season. Industrial departments should strengthen technical guidance on all aspects of picking, storage and transportation of bayberry and other open fruits, guide fruit farmers to master the harvesting time, seize the fine weather, and timely pick by grades.

2. During the period of high temperature, do a good job in ventilation of fruits cultivated in facilities. The temperature will continue to rise next month, and when the weather is fine, the film should be uncovered in the greenhouse in time to extend the ventilation time to prevent the fruit from being hurt by the high temperature and humidity in the greenhouse.

3. During the period of high temperature and drought, do a good job in the prevention and control of various fruit diseases and insect pests. High temperature and drought in summer are the high incidence periods of various fruit diseases and insect pests. Do a good job in monitoring and preventing all kinds of fruit diseases and insect pests. At the same time pay attention to water supply. When the temperature is low in the morning and evening, the whole garden can be watered or sprayed according to the situation of the orchard to ensure the water supply of fruit trees during the high temperature in summer.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Chinese herbal medicine

1. Ditches to reduce waterlogging, eliminate accumulated water and lower groundwater level. Clean up the ditch system or ditches in the field in time, dredge the drainage channels, ensure the smooth drainage of the ditch system, eliminate the accumulated water in the field in time, reduce the groundwater level, prevent the root system from dehydration, and promote the root growth of Chinese herbal medicines.

2. Strengthen the management of ventilation and sunshade. Chinese herbal medicines cultivated in greenhouses or indoors in summer should be ventilated and dehumidified in time, and shaded in sunny days after rain to prevent Chinese herbal medicines from dying of dehydration and wilting.

3. It will be fine after the rain, and foliar topdressing will be done in time. Rainstorm leaching will cause soil nutrient loss and poor plant growth. It is necessary to combine disease prevention and pest control, and apply compound micro-fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in a timely and appropriate manner through foliar topdressing to supplement plant nutrients and restore growth as soon as possible. 0.2% water-soluble micro-fertilizer (rich in magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, copper and other elements) or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with amino acid foliar fertilizer can be used for foliar spraying to promote the recovery of Chinese herbal medicine.

4. Grab or replant in time. If Chinese herbal medicine planting plots are flooded and Chinese herbal medicines are damaged, the affected Chinese herbal medicines with market value will be actively harvested to reduce losses. For the severely affected Chinese herbal medicines, it is necessary to clean up the dead root Chinese herbal medicines in time and arrange multiple cropping or replanting in time.

5. Pay close attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases of Chinese herbal medicines after the disaster. After the heavy rain, the Chinese herbal medicine grows weakly because of water accumulation in the field or saturated soil moisture. After the temperature rises rapidly, it is beneficial to the occurrence and prevalence of various diseases and insect pests of Chinese herbal medicines. It is easy to cause diseases and pests such as Fusarium wilt, root rot, downy mildew, anthracnose and epidemic disease. According to different varieties and the degree of harm, timely spraying sterilization and pesticides. Use drugs in sunny days, choose safe drugs, and pay attention to drug rotation to ensure the safe production of Chinese herbal medicines.

Six, flowers

1. Clean the drainage system and reduce the groundwater level. Clean up weeds and sundries in ditches around the greenhouse in time, dredge the drainage ditch and drainage ditch in the greenhouse to ensure smooth drainage; The waterlogged plot should be pumped in time to eliminate the accumulated water in the field, reduce the groundwater level, prevent the root system from dehydration, and promote the restoration of plant growth.

2. Strengthen the cultivation management such as rainproof, ventilation and shading. Strengthen the ventilation and humidity reduction in greenhouse. When it rains, the roof ventilation should be closed in time, and when it stops, the roof ventilation should be opened in time. For example, start ventilation equipment such as internal circulation fan, and use sunshade net for short-term sunshade when the weather begins to clear up, so as to prevent permanent wilting caused by physiological dehydration caused by root failure after waterlogging. Do a good job in cultivation management. Such as Gerbera jamesonii, Hedyotis diffusa, etc., the diseased leaves and old leaves should be cleaned in time to improve the lighting and ventilation conditions, and the lily cut flowers should be collected and dug in time after harvesting.

3. It will be fine after the rain, and foliar topdressing will be done in time. Rainstorm leaching will lead to the loss of soil nutrients and poor plant growth, so nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers should be added, combined with disease prevention and insect control, and foliar fertilizer should be added when spraying pesticides. Foliar topdressing with compound micro-fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can supplement plant nutrients, such as spraying 0.2% water-soluble micro-fertilizers (iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum and copper) or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with amino acid foliar fertilizer to promote plant growth and recovery.

4. Do a good job in pest control after the disaster. After continuous rainfall, the weather will clear up and the temperature will rise rapidly, which is conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of various diseases and insect pests, and easily leads to various diseases, such as chrysanthemum brown spot, rust, gerbera whitefly, liriomyza sativae, root rot, lily wilt, gray mold, crane orchid bacterial soft rot and so on, which seriously affects the growth of flowers. According to different flower varieties, pests and diseases and the degree of damage, timely spraying sterilization and pesticides. Take medicine in sunny afternoon, choose efficient, safe and low toxic drugs for prevention and treatment, and pay attention to drug rotation.