There are extra points for the good answer about the Yellow River! ! ! ! !

Li Bai said in his poem: Without looking at how the water of the Yellow River moves out of heaven, it rushes to the sea and never returns. The Yellow River originates from the Yogu Zonglie Basin at the northern foot of Bayankala in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at an altitude of 4,500 meters. It flows into the Bohai Sea through Qinghai, Sichuan and Gansu in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Shanxi in the Loess Plateau and Henan and Shandong in the North China Plain, with a total length of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of 750,000 square kilometers. Because the Yellow River flows through the Loess Plateau,

Carrying a lot of sediment, the average sediment transport for many years is 65.438+0.6 billion tons, which is equivalent to piling up 654.38+0 meters of earth dikes around the earth for 27 times. Every year, 400 million tons of sediment is deposited in the downstream riverbed, making the Yellow River a "suspended river" more than ten meters above the ground. The middle reaches of the Yellow River are located in the monsoon climate zone, and the annual change rate of precipitation and rainstorm is large. Sediment, rainstorm and flood cause the riverbed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River to be silted, determined and easy to move. During the more than 2500 years from pre-Qin to 1949, the lower reaches of the Yellow River flooded 1590 times and changed its course 26 times.

The main river sections and scenic spots along the Yellow River are:

The vibrant upstream reach-this reach is called the "rich mining area" of the Yellow River's hydraulic resources. Among them, from Longyang Gorge to Qingtongxia, rivers and canyons alternate with each other, with large riverbed gradient and rich hydraulic resources. The planned utilization gap exceeds 1.200m, and the installed capacity exceeds1.0 million kilowatts, accounting for nearly 50% of the whole river. The average annual power generation is nearly 60 billion kWh.

The tender and lingering Ningmeng reach-the Yellow River flows peacefully here, irrigating the farmland on both sides and benefiting the local people. Therefore, there is a saying that "Huang Hefu and Ningxia are the best in the world" and "the Yellow River risks only one side is rich". The land near Yinchuan, Ningxia is flat and has a vast area. For more than 2000 years, the Yellow River has been used for gravity irrigation. There are abundant products here, and the precious Chinese herbal medicines Lycium barbarum and Yinchuan rice are of good quality, which is known as "Jiangbei". Photo of Lycium barbarum The Hetao Plain in Inner Mongolia is very dry. In the west, the annual precipitation is less than 200mm. Here, "no water is a desert, and water is an oasis". The Yellow River water has created superior conditions for industrial and agricultural production here.

The middle reaches of the Yellow River-Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Gorge, where the Yellow River splits the Wan Ren Mountain like a bamboo, forming the longest continuous canyon section on the Yellow River. There are two famous places in this paragraph:

Hukou Waterfall-The Yellow River rushed here with thunderous momentum and roared away. Hukou Waterfall is not only a symbol of the Yellow River, but also a symbol of the Chinese nation's indomitable spirit of pioneering and forging ahead. The majestic song "The wind is roaring, the horse is roaring, the Yellow River is roaring, and the Yellow River is roaring" sings the elegance of the Yellow River and the heroic spirit of the Chinese nation's invincible and hard struggle.

Longmen-The story of "Carp yue longmen" originated from this. It is said that carp can jump over the dragon gate and become a dragon. This legend expresses people's good wishes to reach their ideal state after hard work, and also inspires Chinese children to strive for self-improvement and struggle. According to legend, it is a canyon dug by Dayu, so it is also called Yumenkou.

The water and spirit of the Yellow River have nurtured the Chinese nation. In the ancient Yellow River valley, the Chinese nation staged a series of magnificent plays to repay the kindness of the mother river.

654.38+0.5 million years ago, the Xihoudu ape-man appeared in Ruicheng County near the Yellow River in Shanxi Province. Later, Lantian ape-man 6.5438+0 million years ago and Dali ape-man 300,000 years ago fished and thrived on the banks of the Yellow River, and continued to work silently for the birth of the Yellow River civilization.

70,000 years ago, the early Homo sapiens in Ding Cun, Xiangfen, Shanxi Province, and the late Homo sapiens in Dagouwan, Uxin Banner, Inner Mongolia, 30,000 years ago played the prelude to the ancient Yellow River civilization.

The sites of microlithic culture 10000-7000, Neolithic culture/7000-3700, bronze culture/3700-2700 and iron culture/770 BC are almost all over the Yellow River basin. Since the Middle Stone Age, the Yellow River Basin has become the development center of ancient culture in China. Suirenshi, Fu and Shennongshi created and invented artificial fire technology, primitive animal husbandry and primitive agriculture, which opened the prelude to the development of the Yellow River civilization.

Qin Huang Hanwu, Tang Zong Song Zu, a generation of arrogant Genghis Khan, these emperors led the Chinese nation to push the ancient Yellow River civilization to the brilliant peak that attracted worldwide attention. Gunpowder, compass, papermaking, printing, Tang poetry and Song poetry, and Yuanqu are glittering treasures in the Yellow River civilization. Inventions and scientific achievements not only promoted the development of China, but also spread all over the world and promoted the progress of all mankind.

Every year, the Chinese people worship their ancestors at the Huangdi Mausoleum in Qiao Shan, Shaanxi Province, and countless people go to the locust tree in Hongdong, Shaanxi Province to find their roots. The Yellow River civilization, with its great cohesion and creativity, leads the Chinese nation to a bright future like the endless Yellow River.

Evolution of the Yellow River Delta

The Yellow River Delta is rich in oil resources, densely populated and economically developed. The development and utilization of the Yellow River Delta is of great significance in China's national economy. The siltation and expansion of the Yellow River Delta is closely related to the change of water and sediment coming from the Yellow River and the flow path into the sea. The average sediment discharge of Lijin Station of the Yellow River 1990- 1998 is 4140,000 tons, which is the least period in recent 50 years. Especially since the mid-1990s, the cut-off has greatly reduced the development of the Yellow River Delta and even caused negative growth. According to the data of Shandong River Bureau of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, the average annual net sedimentation was 13 square kilometers from September 65438 to June 65438 to June 0996, of which the net sedimentation was 2 1 from June 65438 to June 0996. June 1996 to June 1997, net sedimentation-10.44 km2; June 1997 to June 1998, net sedimentation 10.89 km2.

China feeds 22% of the world's population with 7% of the world's arable land. This 7% arable land carries too many people.

According to the second remote sensing survey organized by the Ministry of Water Resources at the end of the 20th century, the area of hydraulic erosion, wind erosion and freeze-thaw erosion in China was 6,543.8+0.6488 million km2, 6,543.8+0.9067 million km2 and 6,543.8+0.2698 million km2 respectively. The total area of the above three types of erosion is 4,825,300 km2, accounting for 50.26% of 9.6 million km2. Among them, the cultivated land with soil erosion is about 40 million ha2, accounting for about 30% of the total cultivated land area of 65438+33 million ha2, which seriously affects agricultural production, especially grain production. If the soil does not exist, people will cling to it!

The rural environment in China needs to be improved urgently, and the land resources need to be protected urgently, so that the population accounting for 22% of the world can obtain the foundation of sustainable development.