What kind of hero is Hou Yi? What kind of character is Yao?

Historically, * * * has two Houyi. One was born in the era of Emperor Yao (Fang Xun, Iraq); One was born in Xia Dynasty and belonged to a poor tribe.

In the era of Emperor Yao, Hou Yi was good at archery. Legend has it that he helped Fang Xun (Emperor Yao) shoot for nine days.

Legend has it that the Emperor of Heaven (whose father's name was Di Jun or Di Ku on the 10th) couldn't see the past, so he sent a "Yi" who was good at archery down to earth to eliminate disasters.

Hou Yi, the sixth emperor of Xia Dynasty, Chang 'e's husband, also known as Yi Yi, is said to be the leader of the poor family of Dongyi nationality in Xia Dynasty. Like Yao Shi's Hou Yi, he is also good at archery.

Historical story

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Hou Yi of Xia Dynasty

There was a poor family, the sixth emperor of Xia Dynasty, who reigned for eight years. Chang 'e's husband, he and Han Zhuo, who killed him, are rare usurpers in history who changed their surnames and did not change dynasties (Han Zhuo was the seventh emperor of Xia Dynasty and reigned for 60 years).

At that time, Xian Taikang, the son of Wang Xia "Qi Xian", was addicted to recreational hunting, did not care about political affairs, and was driven away by Hou Yi. After Taikang's death, Hou Yi made Zhong Kang, Taikang's younger brother, King Xia, and the real power was held by Hou Yi. But Hou Yi just went out hunting and was later killed by his confidant "Han Zhuo".

When he became king, a tribe named Hu refused to accept it and rebelled. There was a war between the State of Qi and the tribes with Hu's family. Finally, the State of Qi destroyed Hu's family and punished the prisoners as herding slaves. Other tribes saw the appearance of the Hu family, and no one resisted again.

After Xia Qi's death, his son Taikang acceded to the throne. Taikang is a very fatuous monarch. He does not care about politics, but he loves hunting. On one occasion, Taikang took his entourage to the south bank of Luoshui to hunt. He fought harder and harder, and he hasn't come home for one hundred days.

At that time, the Yi people in the lower reaches of the Yellow River had a tribal leader named Hou Yi, who was ambitious and wanted to seize power in Wang Xia. When he saw Taikang going out hunting, he thought it was an opportunity, so he personally led troops to defend the north bank of Luoshui. Taikang came back happily with a large number of hunted wild animals, and arrived in Luoshui. On the other side, Hou Yi's army blocked his way home. Taikang was helpless and exiled to the south of Luoshui. Hou Yi did not dare to stand on his own feet as king, and made Zhong Kang, Taikang's younger brother, King Xia, and took the real power into his own hands.

During the reign of Xingkang, Hou Yi recruited followers extensively. After Zhong Kang's death, he made Xian Xiang, Zhong Kang's son, emperor. Two years later, in AD 2 145, when the time was ripe, Xian Xiang was ousted, exiled to Zhuanguan (Cao Xian County, Shandong Province), seized the throne of Xia Dynasty and became the sixth king of Xia Dynasty. With his archery, he also became a bully. Like Taikang, he went out hunting and gave state affairs to his cronies, Han Ya. Han Zhuo kept secrets from Hou Yi and bought people's hearts. Once, when Hou Yi came back from hunting, Han Zhuo sent someone to kill him.

Han Zhuo killed Hou Yi and took the throne. He was afraid that the Xia family would argue with him again, so he must kill Xiang who was driven out by Hou Yi.

Where the item fled, Han Zhuo chased it. Later Xiang was finally killed by Han Zhuo. At that time, Xiang's wife was pregnant, so she was forced by Han Jue to climb out of the hole in the wall and fled to the Shang tribe of her family, giving birth to a son named Shao Kang.

When Shao Kang grew up, he showed his grandmother animals. Later, I heard that Han Zhuo wanted to send someone to kill him and fled to Shun, a descendant of Yu.

Shao Kang grew up in a difficult environment and developed a skill. He recruited from You Yu's family and began to have his own team. Later, with the help of ministers and tribes loyal to the Xia Dynasty, they counterattacked Han Zhuo and finally regained the throne.

It took about one hundred years for the Xia Dynasty to recover from Taikang to Shao Kang. History is called "Shao Kang Zhongxing".

Shao Kang destroyed Han Zhuo, but the struggle between Yi people and Xia Dynasty did not end. Yi people have many famous archers, and their bows and arrows are very powerful. Later, Shao Kang's son Yi Di ascended the throne, invented a kind of protective clothing that can avoid arrows, called "armor", defeated the barbarians, and Xia's power developed eastward again.

Hou Chang 'e

Hou Yi won the throne of Xia Dynasty and was a legend, but his wife was even more legendary. As we all know, she is the famous Chang 'e. Before Hou Yi became emperor, the Queen Mother gave him a pack of elixir for life, but the Queen Mother warned him not to eat it now, and he could not eat it until he was honored in Dabao. When Chang 'e found out, she stole the medicine on the day when Hou Yi went to look for treasure. She was afraid of the pursuit of Hou Yi, and she was no longer alive, so a wisp of smoke flew to the moon. But for thousands of years of loneliness.

Li Shangyin once wrote a mourning poem, saying:

The shadow of mica screen candle is deep, the long river is gradually falling and the stars are sinking.

Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir.

Houyi who shot at the sun in the Xia Dynasty

Many people mistakenly think that Hou Yi, who shot at the sun, is Chang 'e's husband. In fact, this is a big mistake. Chang 'e's husband's name is indeed Houyi, but this Houyi is the wife of the sixth king of Xia Dynasty mentioned above and has nothing to do with this Houyi who shot the sun.

As for why some people have such misunderstandings, there may be several points: 1, shooting at the sun and usurping power are more heroes in the eyes of the people, while most people only know or remember the former, and both of them have done famous deeds in historical myths, so most people will confuse them with a person's events; 2. Confucianism has always been extremely shy about the fact that Hou Yi usurped power in the Xia Dynasty, and what is even more intolerable is that there are multiple surnames at one time. However, it is an unavoidable fact that Hou Yi was in power for eight years and Han Zhuo was in power for sixty years. Therefore, the ancient Confucianism deliberately made a fuss about it literally, either not mentioning Xia Yi at all, or denying that Xia Dynasty had two different surnames in various ways. Literally, the folk stories that have been processed again and again gradually give people a misunderstanding, even forgetting the original match of Chang 'e as emperor in the Xia Dynasty, and some people mistakenly think that there is only one shooting at the sun in history. However, the age difference between the two Houyi is hundreds of years. Those Confucian scholars simply changed the life experience of Bian Chang 'e because historical facts could not change their age. I think this is one of the reasons why many historical and mythical figures like Chang 'e have complicated and diverse life experiences. The Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon is impossible, but the existence of Chang 'e is credible, and there are many records in history. It's just that it's obviously Chang 'e, the wife of Hou Yi in Xia Dynasty. Because Hou Yi was in charge, she became a political victim.

The following is a legend about Hou Yi in the Yi (Yao) era.

In Yao's time, there were ten suns in the sky, which burned the vegetation and scorched the crops. Xun asked Hou Yi to shoot nine suns in a row. From then on, the climate on the ground was suitable and everything grew. He also shot wild animals and poisonous snakes to kill people. Therefore, people regard him as an "arrow god". According to legend, Hou Yi later rescued the fallen Fu Fei from Hebo of the Yellow River and punished Hebo. Then they lived in Luoyang and lived a happy life. In recognition of their achievements in punishing Hebo, the Emperor of Heaven also named Hou Yi as Zongbu God and Fu Fei as Luoshen.

Legend has it that Hou Yi was from Yao Man. According to the myth, during Yao's reign, ten suns appeared in the sky at the same time, scorching the land and drying the crops, and people were out of breath and fainted. Due to the hot weather, some strange birds and animals also ran out from the dry rivers and lakes and the fiery forests, causing harm to people everywhere.

The human disaster alarmed the gods in heaven, and the heavenly emperor Chang Jun ordered Hou Yi, who was good at archery, to come down to earth to help Yao get rid of the people's suffering.

Hou Yi immediately started shooting at the sun. He took the red bow from his shoulder, took out the white arrows and shot them at his arrogant grandson one by one. In an instant, nine out of ten suns were shot. It was only because Yao thought that leaving a grandson was useful to the people that Hou Yi was prevented from continuing shooting. This is the story of the famous Houyi Shooting Day.

However, Hou Yi's great achievements were envied by other gods, who went to the Heaven Emperor to spread rumors and slander, so that the Heaven Emperor finally alienated Hou Yi and sentenced him to the world forever.

Shuhouyi

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In the book Hou Yi, the famous writer Ye restated this myth and gave it a brand-new modern color. With the help of Chang 'e, Chang 'e raised Yi, a descendant of God, and completed the transformation from God to man, but Chang 'e fell out of favor after becoming emperor. When he was on the verge of despair, it was easy to realize that only Chang 'e's love was the source of his strength, so he exiled Chang 'e and let him fly to avoid danger. Because of Chang 'e's love, Hou Yi became a god. Because of Hou Yi's love, Chang 'e changed from a man to a god. In Ye's dazzling retelling, conspiracy and love, dedication and greed, loyalty and betrayal, desire and dignity are staged in turn in the novel, which shows us a colorful mythical world and an epic love story.

Attachment: Sina's exclusive serial Hou Yi /NZT/Novell/LIT/ Hou Yi/

According to legend, Hou Yi and Chang 'e were both Yao people. According to the myth, during the Yao period, ten suns appeared in the sky at the same time, scorching the land and drying the crops. People are breathless and unconscious. Due to the hot weather, some strange birds and animals also ran out from the dry rivers and lakes and the fiery forests, causing harm to people everywhere.

The human disaster alarmed the gods in heaven, and the heavenly emperor Chang Jun ordered Hou Yi, who was good at archery, to come down to earth to help Yao get rid of the people's suffering. Hou Yi came to the world with a red bow, a bag of white arrows and his beautiful wife Chang 'e.

Hou Yi immediately started shooting at the sun. He took the red bow from his shoulder, took out the white arrows and shot them at his arrogant grandson one by one. In an instant, nine out of ten suns were shot. It was only because Yao thought that leaving a grandson was useful to the people that Hou Yi was prevented from continuing shooting. This is the story of the famous Houyi Shooting Day.

However, Hou Yi's great achievements were envied by other gods, who went to the Heaven Emperor to spread rumors and slander, so that the Heaven Emperor finally alienated Hou Yi and sentenced him to the world forever. After being wronged, Hou Yi and his wife Chang 'e had to live in seclusion and hunt for a living by Hou Yi.

How did Chang 'e fly to the moon? There are different versions in ancient books. According to Huai Nan Zi, Hou Yi sympathized with his wife who was exiled to the world because of her troubles, and went to the Queen Mother of the West to ask for the medicine of immortality, so that the husband and wife could live in harmony forever. However, Chang 'e is not used to living a poor life. When Hou Yi was not at home, she stole all the pills and fled to the moon. Another way of saying it is that Qu Yuan (about 340 letters? 78) According to Tian Wen, Hou Yi later cheated on Chang 'e and had an affair with Hebo's wife, which aroused Chang 'e's great dissatisfaction, so he left Hou Yi and ran to the sky. After the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, I soon regretted it. She remembered her husband's kindness to her at ordinary times and the warmth of the world. Compared with the loneliness on the moon, she felt desolate.

Regarding the death of Hou Yi, Mencius, a thinker in the Warring States period (about 372 BC? Mencius (89) and Liu An (BC 179? 22) In the book Huai Nan Zi, it is said that he was assassinated by a renegade disciple, Feng Meng. There are different records about the means of ambush, some say that they were killed with mahogany sticks, and some say that they were killed with dark arrows. In short, the hero of the earth died at the hands of a schemer.

Some legends also say that after his death, Hou Yi became the ghost of Zhong Kui. This statement has been verified by Gu Jiegang (1893- 1980), a famous historian in China, according to the records of Huainanzi and other ancient books. This statement actually reflects the infinite nostalgia of the ancient people of China for this unfortunate lost hero. There is also a legend that Hou Yi died of a peach stick, so later generations used peach long branches to exorcise ghosts, which is called a ruler.

Yao, surname, first name, historical name. In 2377 BC, on the second day of the second lunar month, he was born in Yiqishan Mountain in the Tang Dynasty and spent his childhood in Du Qing with his mother. 15 years old, was named Tang Hou under the mountain closure in Tang County. At the age of 20, his brother Di Zhi was forced to give way to him and became the leader of the tribal alliance at the end of primitive society in China. After he ascended the throne, he restored his brother's loyalty to the Tang Dynasty as a Tang Hou, and built the first capital-Tang County in Fucheng. Later, due to the flood, it gradually moved its capital to Shanxi, with Pingyang as its capital. After 70 years in office, he abdicated to Shun at the age of 90 at the age of 1 18.

Yao's quality and wisdom are extraordinary. "Its benevolence is like heaven, and its knowledge (wisdom) is like god. Like the sun, it looks like a cloud. Rich but not arrogant, expensive but not comfortable. " Therefore, after he acceded to the throne, the situation changed greatly: first of all, to recommend the sages of his family with both ability and political integrity, to make the people closely unite and achieve the "sum of nine families"; It is also necessary to examine the political achievements of officials, distinguish between high and low, reward good and punish evil, and make government affairs orderly; At the same time, pay attention to coordinating the relations among ethnic groups, educate people to live in harmony, and achieve "harmony among ethnic groups, harmony between people and the times", so that the world is at peace, politics is clear, and the world is at peace.