Weather and drought report

1990 The national drought rate was 0. 122. The disaster rate is 0.053, the grain yield reduction rate is 0.028, and the disaster population rate is 0.063. The whole country is a drought year. In the first half of the year, the drought in the whole country was small and light, and in the second half of the year, the drought in the south was widespread, and some areas suffered from drought in summer and autumn. Due to the severe drought last year, less underground water storage and insufficient soil moisture, the drought in the spring of the previous year was obvious in the three northeastern provinces, Shandong and northern North China. From May to June, the rainfall in most areas of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai in the west was less and the drought was heavier. During the autumn sowing period of 65438+ 10, the monthly rainfall in winter wheat producing areas in western Shandong, southern Shandong, northern Henan, eastern Henan, southern Hebei, southwestern Shanxi, northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui was insufficient 10 mm, which affected wheat sowing. The winter temperature in Xinjiang was high in previous years, and the snow fell by 30% ~ 90% compared with the same period. It is difficult for winter wheat to overwinter, and the precipitation in the north and east is reduced by 30% ~ 90%. The spring drought is very serious. There are 48 drought-stricken counties (cities) in Xinjiang, with drought-affected and disaster-affected areas of 430,000 hectares and 278,000 hectares respectively, ranking first since 1949. Plum blossoms came early in southern China, and there was a large-scale continuous rain and high temperature weather in early July. In early August, the drought in some areas eased due to precipitation, and then there was continuous low rainfall and high temperature weather. Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces have experienced large-scale droughts, especially in Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi and eastern Sichuan. The average rainfall in Hunan from July to September is 183.6 mm, which is 4 1.7% less than the same period of previous years. Hubei has been suffering from drought for more than 60 days in summer and autumn, and the precipitation in most areas is 50% to 70% less than that in the same period. East Sichuan and other places are seriously affected by drought, and drinking water for people and animals is also difficult; Drought occurred in Guangxi from August to 65438+1early October, and the river flow and water level were lower than or close to the lowest values recorded in the same period, making it more difficult to use water for drought-resistant irrigation.

1999-2000, drought at the end of the century.

1998 Summer Yangtze River flood; 1999 summer, followed by a rare drought in the north of the Yangtze River in China: 360,000 people in Wuhan were in a drinking water emergency, and the main stream of Huaihe River in Anhui was almost cut off, resulting in severe drought in the whole northern region. By the year 2000, China had lost 59.4 billion kilograms of grain and 50.6 billion yuan of cash crops due to drought. The area affected by drought, the area where crops were never harvested and the grain loss were the highest in 5 1 year since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the drought affected more than 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

Since mid-July, 2003, there has been continuous high temperature and little rain in the south-central and southeast coastal areas of China, and there is basically no effective precipitation process in most parts of Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan and southern Zhejiang, and the temperature is obviously high. The highest temperature in some areas exceeded the highest value in the same period in history, resulting in serious loss of farmland moisture and rapid spread of drought. Some areas in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan are affected by continuous high temperature and little rain, and drought is outcropping. At present, the drought-affected area of crops in China is 49.8 million mu, and 5.7 million rural people and 2.5 million large livestock have difficulty drinking water. Among them, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and Zhejiang provinces have a cumulative drought-affected area of 27.9 million mu, an increase of more than 22 million mu over the first ten days of July, and the affected area has expanded rapidly.

In 2009, the drought in 2009 affected Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Anhui, Hubei and Shaanxi.

In 2009, the total area of cultivated land affected by drought in China was 632 million mu, resulting in a loss of 34.8 billion kilograms of grain and 43.3 billion yuan of cash crops. The rural population 1, 75 1 and large livestock 1, 099,000 in the whole year.