I am urgently looking for the test questions for the high school group of the 6th "Little Doctors of the Earth" Geographic Science and Technology Competition. The format should be in notepad. Email gy

I am urgently looking for the test questions for the high school group of the 6th "Little Doctors of the Earth" Geographic Science and Technology Competition. The format should be in notepad. Email gysubtle@sina.cn

Test questions for the high school group of the 6th "Little Doctor Earth" Geography Science and Technology Competition

1. Multiple choice questions

The level measurement method is the most accurate method of elevation measurement. One is to use a level to provide a horizontal line of sight for measurement, as shown in Figure 1. Answer questions 1 to 2.

Figure 1

1. The measured altitude of point A is 53.195 meters. The reading of scale A on the level is 1.386 meters. The reading of scale B is 0.824 meters. Please determine the altitude of point B and the altitude of point AB. The relative heights are (D)

A. 54.581 meters 1.386 meters B. 55.405 meters 2.210 meters

C. 53.757 meters 0.824 meters D. 53.757 meters 0.562 meters

2. Picture B shows a middle school geography activity group using a simple method to measure the elevation of a certain place. If the place has abundant rainfall, judging from the information in the picture, there may be several obvious gullies in the area shown (C)

A. One B. Two c. Three D. Four

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the weather conditions in the area near a longitude line in eastern China on a certain day. Read Figure 2 and answer question 3.

Figure 2

3. The day is most likely to appear in (A)

A. January B. April C. July D. October

The four weather maps in Figure 3 reflect the weather process of a cold wave. Use graphic and text materials to answer questions 4 to 5.

Figure 3

4. According to the occurrence process of this cold wave weather, the order of the four weather maps from first to last should be (C)

A. a→c→b→d B. b→c→d→a C. c→b→d→a D. d→a→c→b

5. Four weather maps according to Figure 3 It is judged that the weather conditions in the following cities are close to reality (C)

A. a—Sunny and warm in Wuhan area B. b—Strong winds and cooling in Tianjin area

C. c—Beijing area Thunderstorms D. d—Continuous rain in Hangzhou area

Read Figure 4, a cross-section of a local area at 27°N in my country. Answer questions 6 to 7.

Figure 4

6. Judging from the distribution pattern of local vertical vegetation zones, the vegetation zone at A should be (B)

A. Deciduous broadleaf forest B. Tropical rainforest c. Alpine scrub grass D. Evergreen pine forest

7. The vegetation belt at the foothills of Yulong Mountain was formed under dry and hot climate conditions. The causes of this local climate are (D)

①Controlled by subtropical high pressure all year round, downdrafts prevail ②Winter monsoon leeward slopes, Subsidence and warming

③The southwest monsoon crosses the top of the mountain and sinks and heats up ④The valley area is blocked by terrain

A. ①②B. ③④　C. ①③ D． ②④

Table 1 is a statistical table showing the percentage of rare earth reserves, production and consumption of some countries and regions in the world in 2009. Answer questions 8-9.

Table 1

Country Reserves (%) Production (% Consumption (%)

China 36 97 41

United States 13 0 13

Japan 0 0 26

Others 51 3 20

8. my country’s rare earth resource reserves accounted for 74% of the world’s total from the 1970s. , dropped to 36% in 2009, mainly due to (C)

A. Increase in world consumption of rare earth resources B. Increase in mining of world rare earth resources

C. Over-exploitation of rare earth resources in my country D. Decline in the consumption of rare earth resources in my country

9. From the perspective of sustainable development, the reasonable measures that my country should take in the development and utilization of rare earth resources are (D)

A. Reduce the export of primary minerals B. Vigorously exploit rare earth resources

C. Prohibit the development of rare earth resources D. Increase the share of rare earth resources in the world

Virtual water refers to the amount of water resources required to produce goods and services. Virtual water is not water in the real sense, but "invisible" water included in products in a "virtual" form. Figure 5 shows "2002~". Flow diagram of inter-regional virtual water resources in world agricultural products trade in 2007 (unit: 109 m3/a)”. Read Figure 5 and answer questions 10-11.

Figure 5

10. The area with the largest flow of virtual water resources is (D)

A. A B. B C. C D. D

11. The information in the figure shows (C)

A. The reason for the large import of virtual water resources in area D is drought and water shortage

B. The virtual water in area C The reason for the large import of resources is that the total output of agricultural products is small

C. The spatial distribution of water resources can be more reasonably adjusted through the international trade of agricultural products

D. Virtual water resources come from production Countries with high efficiency export to countries with low production efficiency

Data from my country's Sixth Population Census (2010) show that the number of people who have left their place of household registration and lived in their place of residence for more than half a year is 261.39 million, which is 261.39 million. In 2000, the population increased by 117 million; the population in the eastern coastal areas accounted for an increasing proportion of the country's total population. Complete questions 12 to 14 accordingly.

12. The phenomenon reflected in the given materials is (B)

A. The scale of population mobility in my country is expanding B. The population in the central and western regions of my country is decreasing

C. The spatial distribution of my country's population tends to be uniform D. The natural growth rate of population in my country's coastal areas has increased

13. The main reason for this phenomenon is (C)

A. Attraction of central and western development policies B. Changes in people’s conceptions of childbearing

C. Differences in regional economic development levels D. Per capita cultivated land has decreased

14. This phenomenon will (C)

A. Increase my country’s environmental population capacity B. Improve my country’s urbanization level

C. Increase the burden on my country’s labor force D. Increase my country’s food demand

Figure 6 shows the distribution of land prices in a city. Read picture 6 and answer questions 15-16.

Figure 6

15. What is consistent with the changes in land price levels along the M-N line in Figure 6 is (C)

A. B.

C. D.

16. In Figure 6, the land price in area P is lower than that in surrounding areas because (C)

A. The shape of the land is irregular B. Inconvenient transportation

C. Far from the city center D. Affected by the railway

The four lines in Figure 7 are water volume lines formed by the same precipitation process. Among them are: the flood process line in the natural state, the underground runoff process line in the natural state, the flood process line after urbanization and the flood process line after the construction of the reservoir. Read picture 7 and answer questions 17.

17. What are the flood process lines formed under the influence of human activities? What are the measures to prevent and control urban waterlogging? ()

Figure 7

A. ① and ②, build sewage treatment plants and improve drainage systems B. ② and ③, dredging rivers and strengthening road construction

C. ③ and ④, build sewage treatment plants and strengthen road construction D. ① and ③, dredging rivers and improving drainage systems

Figure 8 shows the changes in cultivated land area in my country from 2000 to 2007, and Figure 9 shows the changes in the area of ??various types of land in my country from 2002 to 2007. Read the picture and answer questions 18-19.

Figure 8 Figure 9

18. The characteristics of changes in my country’s cultivated land area from 2000 to 2007 are

A. From 2000 to 2007, the cultivated land area first increased and then decreased

B. From 2000 to 2007, the cultivated land area remained above 120 million hectares

C. From 2000 to 2001, the cultivated land area decreased the fastest

D. The decrease in cultivated land area in each year from 2003 to 2007 was the same

19. The reasons for the decrease in cultivated land area in my country from 2002 to 2007 are:

① Increase in construction land ② Increase in grain sown area ③The effect of returning farmland to forest is significant ④Unused land increases

A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ①④ D. ②③

Figure 10 shows the distribution of traffic and industrial areas in a certain city. Read Figure 10 and complete questions 20-21.

Figure 10

20. The main reasons for the formation of the spatial form of the city's traditional industrial area are

A. Affected by terrain B. Easy to transport c. Consider the prevailing wind direction D. Close to residential areas

21. The location advantage of the city's new industrial zone is its proximity

A. Highway B. city ??center c. canal d. Airport

By the end of 2010, my country had about 7,500 kilometers of high-speed railways in operation. Figure 11 shows the landscape of a certain section of high-speed railways in my country. Complete questions 22 to 24 accordingly.

Figure 11

22. In order to maintain high-speed train operation, the primary natural factors to consider when selecting high-speed railway lines are

A. Terrain b. Geology c. climate d. Hydrology

23. In plain areas, elevated methods are often used when building high-speed railways. Mainly for

A. Reduce noise nuisance B. Occupy less cultivated land C. Shorten operating mileage D. Protect wild animals

24. After the completion of my country's high-speed railway network, among the following sections, the civil aviation passenger transport industry will be hardest hit

A. Wuhan-Guangzhou B. Hangzhou-Shanghai

C. Chengdu-Shanghai D. Lanzhou-Beijing

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of data related to the export volume of various products in my country. Read the picture and answer questions 25-26.

Figure 12

25. Among my country’s various export products at the beginning of the 21st century, the correct description is

① Resource-based products occupy an important position in my country’s export products ②Technology-based processed products contribute the most to my country's exports ③Labor-intensive products are more competitive in the world than technology-based processed products ④The proportion of capital-based processed products in the world's exports of similar products is lower than that of resource-based products

A. ①② B． ②③ C． ③④ D. ①④

26. The main reasons for the changes in the structure of my country's export products at the beginning of the 21st century are: ① The quality of the labor force has improved significantly ② The output of agricultural and mineral products has declined ③ Infrastructure investment has expanded ④ The industrial structure has been upgraded Remarkable results

A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④

Figure 13 Map of regional differences in natural disasters in China. Read the picture and answer 27 questions.

27. The types of natural disasters represented by the numerical symbols 1 to 5 in the figure are:

Figure 13

A. Floods, earthquakes, droughts, storm surges, earthquakes B. Storm surge, drought, earthquake, flood, typhoon

C. Earthquakes, landslides, floods, typhoons, droughts D. Drought, flood, storm surge, earthquake, landslide

Figure 14 is an aerial photo of four settlements in a mountainous area in my country, with densely populated areas within the frame. Read Picture 14 and answer questions 28-29.

Figure 14

28. The settlements in the picture that are less prone to landslides and floods are

A. A B. B C. C D. Ding

29. What are the correct measures to deal with debris flow disasters

A. Build temporary shelters on the concave slopes of steep mountains B. When escaping, run towards the hillsides on both sides of the river valley

C. Escape upstream or downstream along the valley direction D. Strengthen the forecasting of disasters in the lower reaches of debris flow ravines

From the winter of 2009 to the spring of 2010, the temperature in the north continued to be lower than the normal temperature, and the maximum ice area of ??the Bohai Sea reached 40%. Based on this and read Figure 15, answer questions 30-31.

30. The main reason for the difference in ice area along the Bohai Sea is

A. Latitude factor

B. Topographic factors

C. Coastline outline

D. Seawater salinity

Figure 15

31. Data show that from the winter of 2009 to the spring of 2010, the snowfall in Yantai and Dalian was significantly higher than that in Tianjin and Qinhuangdao. The most likely reason is

A. Bohai Sea air mass humidification operation B. The average temperatures in Yantai and Dalian are lower than those in Tianjin and Qinhuangdao

C. The southeast monsoon prevails in Yantai and Dalian D. Yantai and Dalian carried out artificial snow increase operations

In the winter and spring of 2010 to 2011, some areas of my country encountered a sustained drought that was rare in history. Read Figure 16 "Schematic diagram of drought distribution (shading) in some areas of my country" and answer questions 32 to 33.

Figure 16

32. The crops most severely affected by this drought are

A. Spring wheat B. Winter wheat C. Rice D. Rape

33. Among the short-term measures to alleviate the drought in the north, the unreasonable ones are

A. Build the South-to-North Water Diversion Project B. Develop groundwater C. Optimize irrigation methods D. Implement artificial rainfall

Figure 17 is a remote sensing image of a sandstorm that occurred in my country in mid-March 2010. The colors in the picture, from light to dark, are clouds, dust swept into the air, and the land surface. Read Figure 17 and complete questions 34 to 36.

34. The sandstorm occurred in

A. Subpolar low pressure zone B. Westerly belt

C. Subtropical high pressure zone D. Northeast trade wind belt

35. The middle part of the image shows the sandstorm

A. In the central area, sand and dust rise B. In the edge area, dust spreads

C. Central area, dust settlement D. Marginal zone, sand and dust settlement

36. The impact of sandstorms on the geographical environment is multifaceted. Dust reduction meeting for sandstorms in North China

region

A. Cause climate warming B. Cause grassland degradation

C. Cause acidification of surface water bodies D. Increase soil fertility

The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow typhoon warning at 10:00 on October 4, 2011:

The center of this year's 19th severe tropical storm "Nigg" on October 4< /p>

At 10 o'clock, it is located on the South China Sea, about 110 kilometers south-east of Lingshui County, Hainan Province

On the sea surface, it is 18.3 degrees north latitude and 111.1 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is level 10 (25 meters/second), the lowest central air pressure is 985 hPa.

It is expected that "Nigg" will continue to move westward at a speed of about 15 kilometers per hour and will make landfall along the coast from Wanning to Sanya in Hainan from the afternoon to evening of the 4th.

Affected by the simultaneous influence of "Ni Ge" and cold air, from 14:00 on the 4th to 14:00 on the 5th, most of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait, the northern and central west-western waters of the South China Sea, the coast of Zhejiang, and There will be strong winds of level 7-8 along the coast of Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong and the Pearl River Estuary, Hainan coast, Qiongzhou Strait, Guangxi coast, and Beibu Gulf. In some sea areas or areas, gusts can reach level 10. The center of "Nigg" passes through the nearby sea areas. The wind force in or area can reach level 9-10, and the gust can reach level 11; there will be heavy to heavy rains in Hainan, southwestern Guangxi, and southeastern Guangxi, with rainfall of 40-70 mm. Parts of southeastern Hainan will have heavy rains and rainfall. The quantity is 100-200 mm.

Defense Guidelines:

1. The government and relevant departments should carry out typhoon prevention and emergency response work in accordance with their duties;

2. Water operations in relevant waters and passing ships should Return to the port to take shelter from the wind, reinforce port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, stranding, and collisions;

3. Stop large indoor and outdoor gatherings and outdoor dangerous operations such as high altitudes.

4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easily blown by the wind. People should not go out at will. They should stay in a windproof and safe place as much as possible. Ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home. People in dangerous buildings timely transfer. When the center of a typhoon passes by, the wind will decrease or remain stationary for a period of time. Remember that strong winds will suddenly strike. You should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind and move people in dangerous buildings in time.

5. Relevant areas should pay attention to preventing flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

Read Figure 18 and the materials, and complete questions 37 to 38.

Figure 18

37. "Typhoon" is a violent form of that kind of weather system

A. Warm front B. Cold front C. Tropical high pressure D. Tropical Depression

38. According to the forecast of "Nigg", which areas need to be prepared for meteorological disasters such as strong winds and heavy rains

A. Sichuan and Chongqing are on guard against strong winds, and Guangxi and Yunnan are on guard against heavy rains

B. Hainan and Fujian are on guard against strong winds, and Guangdong and Guangxi are on guard against heavy rain

C. Jiangsu and Anhui are on guard against strong winds, and Hubei and Hunan are on guard against heavy rain

D. Fujian and Taiwan are on guard against strong winds, and Henan and Shandong are on guard against heavy rains

Heavy metal pollutants are extremely harmful to human health. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the path of heavy metal pollutants entering the human body, and Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the concentration distribution of lead and cadmium in the soil on both sides of a highway. Read the pictures and answer questions 39-40.

Figure 19 Figure 20

39. Which of the following schematic diagrams ①, ②, ③, and ④ can correctly represent the recycling process of heavy metal elements in the environment

① ② ③ ④

A. ① B. ②C. ③D. ④

40. The correct combination of the main sources of heavy metal pollutants in the soil on both sides of the highway and the effective measures to reduce the concentration of heavy metal pollutants in the soil on both sides of the highway is correct

A. Car tires Friction with the ground, promotion of new tires

B. Vehicles transporting heavy metal minerals scattered on the way, smoothing roads to prevent bumps

C. Vehicle exhaust, use of unleaded gasoline

D. Mining of surrounding heavy metal minerals and adopting new mining technologies

2. Writing scientific papers

Geography is the science that studies the geographical environment and the relationship between human activities and the geographical environment. Geography occupies an important position in the modern scientific system and plays an important role in solving contemporary problems such as population, resources, environment and development.

While we are learning the necessary geographical knowledge for future citizens, we must also enhance our geographical learning abilities and survivability. Pay attention to issues such as population, resources, environment and regional development to help form a correct understanding of the relationship between man and land and the concept of sustainable development, cherish the earth, and treat the environment well.

Please write a short paper on the theme of "Learning Geography and Building the Motherland". Requirements: Clear views, accurate intentions, and reasonable words. The word count is between 600 and 800.