What season is the harvest of Sanqi?

Question 1: When will Sanqi be harvested? Notoginseng, alias Hua Kai Notoginseng, Ginseng Notoginseng, Tianqi, Jin Buhuan. Plant morphology is perennial herb, up to 60cm. The rhizome is short, the stem is erect, smooth and hairless. Palmately compound leaves, long stalk, 3-4 rounds at the top of the stem; Leaflets 3-7, ovoid or oblong-obovate, with serrated edges. The umbel is terminal, and the peduncle is drawn from the center of the top of the stem, which is 20 ~ 30cm long. Flowers are small and yellow-green; Calyx 5-lobed; Petals and stamens are both 5. Drupe berry-shaped, nearly kidney-shaped, red at maturity. Seeds 1 ~ 3, oblate. The flowering period is June-August, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October. Now it is mostly cultivated in mountainous areas with an altitude of 1600 ~ 1800 m, and its main producing area is Wenshan, Yunnan. The taste is warm, sweet and slightly bitter. Efficacy: (1) Good hemostatic effect and remarkable hematopoietic function; (2) It can enhance and improve coronary microcirculation and dilate blood vessels; (3) It has strong analgesic, anti-fatigue and improving learning and memory ability; (4) Anti-inflammatory effect; (5) It has the function of immunomodulator, which can make the immune response too high or too low return to normal, but does not interfere with the normal immune response of the body; (6) Anti-tumor effect; (7) anti-aging and anti-oxidation; (8) lowering blood lipid and cholesterol; (9) Protect the liver. Panax notoginseng, which originated in Tertiary, is an ancient tropical remnant plant with a very narrow distribution range, which is mainly related to its physiological and ecological adaptability to the environment. Panax notoginseng is a perennial herb with a growth cycle every year. Usually, Panax notoginseng over two years has two growth peaks in a growth cycle, namely, the vegetative growth peak from April to June and the reproductive peak of 8- 10. The germination temperature of Panax notoginseng seeds is 10-30℃, the optimum temperature is 20℃, and the dormancy period of seeds is 45-60 days. Seedlings germinate after a period of low temperature treatment during dormancy, and they are very sensitive to light. Traditionally, it is believed that normal growth and development need 30% natural light, so the shade shed of Panax notoginseng has the saying of "30% light transmission and 70% shade"; According to the latest research, the optimum light transmittance of Panax notoginseng shed is 8%- 12%, and exceeding 17% will adversely affect the growth of Panax notoginseng. Notoginseng needs more than three years from sowing to harvesting; The roots of one-year-old Panax notoginseng are usually used as seedlings, and the plants in the second year can blossom and bear fruit. Generally, it germinates in July, blooms in August, and bears fruit in September. The fruit ripens in batches from 10 to1. The main producing area of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan Province is located in the low latitude plateau. The climate is characterized by long summer and warm winter, sufficient heat and small annual temperature difference. The annual average temperature is 15.8- 19.3℃ (reference room of Yunnan Meteorological Bureau, 1982), and the daily temperature is low except from mid-February to mid-February of the following year. The annual average of the lowest temperature is 0-2℃, the annual average daily temperature is ≥ 10℃ for 265-307 days, and the annual effective accumulated temperature reaches 4863.7-6436.8℃. In summer, due to the concentrated rainfall, the solar radiation drops obviously, and the average temperature from June to August is 265,438+0.5-22.5℃. Suitable temperature and moisture conditions provide a superior natural environment for the growth and development of Panax notoginseng. The average monthly temperature in winter is 1 1℃, and the aboveground growth has stopped, but the ground temperature of 5cm remains 14℃ (regional average), which is the reason why the stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng can still maintain vitality in winter. Higher ground temperature is beneficial to the accumulation of nutrients in roots, especially to the morphological development of post-mature seeds planted in soil, and the post-mature period of seeds can last through winter. This unique natural ecological environment is a favorable factor for Wenshan to develop Sanqi production. The terrain of Sanqi production area is complex, the terrain fluctuates greatly, and the vertical difference of temperature is obvious. Winter and spring (65438+February to April of the following year) and late summer and early autumn (8-65438+1October) are affected by atmospheric circulation cold air, resulting in short-term, local frost and low-temperature disasters, especially low-temperature chilling injury. Although there was no snow and frost, the temperature did not drop to 0℃. In the production area below 500 meters above sea level in Funing County, the temperature is high in summer, and the temperature tends to rise due to the effect of foehn and local circulation, and the weather with the highest daily temperature ≥35℃ may occur, and the evaporation will be intensified, which will easily cause the plants to wither. The above two ... >>

Question 2: When is the harvest season of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan? The picking season of Panax notoginseng flowers is July-August. It is called Spring Notoginseng after picking flowers and Winter Notoginseng after planting.

Question 3: When will Sanqi mature? Panax notoginseng is a perennial herb with a growth cycle every year. Usually, Panax notoginseng over two years has two growth peaks in a growth cycle, namely, the vegetative growth peak from April to June and the reproductive peak of 8- 10. The germination temperature of Panax notoginseng seeds is 10-30℃, the optimum temperature is 20℃, and the dormancy period of seeds is 45-60 days. Seedlings germinate after a period of low temperature treatment during dormancy, and they are very sensitive to light. Traditionally, it is believed that normal growth and development need 30% natural light, so the shade shed of Panax notoginseng has the saying of "30% light transmission and 70% shade"; According to the latest research, the optimum light transmittance of Panax notoginseng shed is 8%- 12%, and exceeding 17% will adversely affect the growth of Panax notoginseng!

Notoginseng needs more than three years from sowing to harvesting; The roots of one-year-old Panax notoginseng are usually used as seedlings, and the plants in the second year can blossom and bear fruit. Generally, it germinates in July, blooms in August, and bears fruit in September. The fruit ripens in batches from 10 to1.

Question 4: When will Panax notoginseng be collected in Wenshan, Yunnan? The quality and output of Panax notoginseng have absolute advantages in the whole country.

The distribution of Panax notoginseng in medicinal plants is quite special, and its growth conditions require a special environment of warm winter and cool summer, no severe cold and heat, semi-light, semi-shade and humidity, that is, low latitude and high altitude areas. Panax notoginseng has low adaptability, so it is stipulated that it only grows at an altitude of 1500-2000 meters in Yunnan.

The quality and yield of Panax notoginseng in Wenshan, Yunnan Province have absolute advantages in the whole country, so Wenshan, Yunnan Province is the origin and main producing area of Panax notoginseng. Wenshan is called "the hometown of Sanqi in China".

Panax notoginseng, Panax notoginseng, Panax notoginseng and Panax japonicus belong to Araliaceae.

Sanqihua

Pick Sanqihua in July and August every year. According to the growth years of Panax notoginseng, Panax notoginseng flowers are divided into two years, three years and more than three years (the yield of Panax notoginseng flowers over three years is very low, and it is generally only used for experimental research).

Panax notoginseng flowers are cool, sweet and slightly bitter, and have the effects of clearing away heat, lowering blood pressure, calming the liver and calming the nerves.

notoginseng root

The roots of Panax notoginseng are harvested in 1 1 and 65438+February every year, and the growth period is generally more than three years (the yield is scarce, which is generally only used for experimental research).

Notoginseng includes Notoginseng (the content of total saponins is the best, the utilization value is the highest, and Notoginseng is the most widely circulated in the market. ), roots and fibrous roots. Usually people know that Sanqi refers to the main root of Sanqi.

Question 5: When will wild Panax notoginseng be planted and harvested? 1. The planting season of Panax notoginseng is spring.

Reason:

To understand the planting season of panax notoginseng, we must first understand the growth habits of panax notoginseng. Sanqi likes an environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer. It can't resist cold and avoid strong light. Humic loam with cool ventilation, loose and fertile soil and good drainage should be selected for cultivation.

The seeds of Panax notoginseng should be preserved in wet sand until February 12 to June 10 of the following year to release their dormancy. You can plant it at this time.

Second, the harvest season of Panax notoginseng is autumn.

Reason:

Panax notoginseng is a perennial herb with a growth cycle every year. Usually, Panax notoginseng over two years has two growth peaks in a growth cycle, namely, the vegetative growth peak from April to June and the reproductive peak of 8- 10.

3. Planting steps and methods of Panax notoginseng:

Scribe with a sowing tool with a row spacing of 6 cm× 5 cm, then evenly spread a layer of mixed fertilizer (mixed with decomposed farm manure or other fertilizers), and cover the border with a layer of straw to keep the border moist and inhibit the growth of weeds. There are 70,000 ~ 65,438+seeds per mu, which is equivalent to10 ~ 65,500 seeds.

Panax notoginseng is a shallow-rooted plant, and its roots are mostly distributed in the surface layer of 15 cm, so it is not suitable for intertillage to avoid damaging the roots. Weeds along the border should be removed in time after the seedlings are unearthed. When weeding, if you find roots and roots exposed on the ground, you should cultivate the soil.

The principle of "many times and small amount" should be mastered in the top dressing of Sanqi. Generally, after germination, plant ash is applied 2-3 times, 50- 100 kg per mu, to promote the growth of seedlings. From April to May, 65,438+0 times of mixed organic fertilizer (manure, plant ash 2: 65,438+0) was applied, with an amount of 2,000 kg per mu, and 65,438+05 kg of calcium superphosphate was applied to the seed-reserved plots to promote fruit fullness. After clearing the garden in winter, the yield per mu is 2000 ~ 3000 kg.

Panax notoginseng planting is a special process, which requires not only necessary planting techniques, but also high requirements for the environment. Panax notoginseng has been transplanted in some parts of the country, but the quality is not ideal for various reasons. Only Wenshan, Yunnan Province is the only producing area of high-quality Panax notoginseng in China.

Question 6: When will the harvest season of Panax notoginseng blossom and bear fruit from the plant in the second year? Generally, it germinates in July, blooms in August, and bears fruit in September, and the fruit ripens in batches from 10 to1.

Question 7: When will March 7th mature? It can be harvested after planting for more than three years. Harvest is divided into two stages. Sanqi harvested in July and August is called "Spring Sanqi". Panax notoginseng harvested after flowering has the best quality and high yield. Panax notoginseng harvested in early winter from February of 65438 to early winter of the following year (65438+1October) is called "Dongsanqi", with poor quality and low yield.

Question 8: How to plant Panax notoginseng should pay attention to what Panax notoginseng is a perennial herb with a growth cycle every year. Usually, Panax notoginseng over two years has two growth peaks in a growth cycle, namely, the vegetative growth peak from April to June and the reproductive peak of 8- 10. The germination temperature of Panax notoginseng seeds is 10-30℃, the optimum temperature is 20℃, and the dormancy period of seeds is 45-60 days. Seedlings germinate after a period of low temperature treatment during dormancy, and they are very sensitive to light. Traditionally, it is believed that normal growth and development need 30% natural light, so the shade shed of Panax notoginseng has the saying of "30% light transmission and 70% shade"; According to the latest research, the optimum light transmittance of Panax notoginseng shed is 8%- 12%, and exceeding 17% will adversely affect the growth of Panax notoginseng!

Notoginseng needs more than three years from sowing to harvesting; The roots of one-year-old Panax notoginseng are usually used as seedlings, and the plants in the second year can blossom and bear fruit. Generally, it germinates in July, blooms in August, and bears fruit in September. The fruit ripens in batches from 10 to1.

Through the cultivation practice, it is known that during the growth of Panax notoginseng, diffuse light should be accepted to avoid direct sunlight.

Panax notoginseng is a typical shade plant, and this ecological habit is consistent with the organizational structure of Panax notoginseng itself. Seven farmers with rich production experience have light conditions suitable for the growth and development of Panax notoginseng, which are roughly 30% transparent and 70% opaque. In practice, it varies according to the age of Panax notoginseng plants and the need for light transmission in different growth periods. According to the climatic conditions and growth characteristics in a year, the light transmittance of the garden can be adjusted by adjusting the shading density on the ceiling. For example, the first ten days of May is the early stage of the growth of all kinds of Panax notoginseng seedlings. At this time, there is less annual precipitation, stronger solar radiation and longer sunshine hours. In order to maintain the normal growth of Panax notoginseng seedlings at this stage, the shading degree should be appropriately increased, and the light transmittance in the shed is about 25-30%. After entering the rainy season, due to the increase of cloud cover, the atmospheric humidity increases, the sunshine hours are less than those in spring, and the total radiation is lower. At this time, Sanqi is entering a vigorous growth period. At this time, it is advisable to reduce shading and increase light in the garden, and the transmittance can be increased to 40%. The specific control of shading in the garden depends on the local actual situation at that time, and it is forbidden to copy it mechanically.

Planting cultivation

1. Land selection and soil preparation: it is advisable to choose land with gentle drainage with a slope of 5- 15 degrees, humus soil or sandy loam rich in organic matter. Corn, peanuts or beans should be the first crop in farmland, and solanaceae should not be the first crop. After the plot is selected, it should be fallow for one to six months, and ploughed for many times with a depth of 15-20cm to promote soil weathering. Where conditions permit, soil disinfection can be carried out by spreading grass, burning soil or applying lime 100 kg per mu before ploughing. For the last time, 5000 kg of fully decomposed manure and 50 kg of cake fertilizer were applied per mu, leveled and cultivated, with the border facing south, width 1.2- 1.5 m and spacing of 50- 150 cm.

2. Breeding method: Breeding with seeds.

(1) Seed selection and seed treatment: every June 10- 1 1, select fully shaded, mature and red fruits of 3-4-year-old plants, pick them, put them on a bamboo screen, rub off the peel, wash them and dry the surface moisture. Soak seeds in 65% zineb 400 times solution or 50% Tobezin 1000 times solution 10 minute for disinfection. Panax notoginseng seeds are easy to lose vitality after drying, so they should be collected or preserved in layers.

(2) Sowing: scribe with a tool, sow at a spacing of 6 cm× 5 cm, then evenly spread a layer of mixed fertilizer (mixed with decomposed farm manure or other fertilizers), and cover the border with a layer of straw to keep the border moist and inhibit the growth of weeds, with 70,000-65,438+seeds per mu, equivalent to 65,438 fruits.

If we use the method of covering silver-gray plastic film after sowing and watering, we can obviously increase production, save water and fertilizer.

(3) Seedling management and transplanting: In dry weather, water frequently, drain water in time after rain and weed regularly. Phosphate fertilizer is usually the main topdressing at seedling stage, and it is usually topdressing three times, the first time in March after the seedlings grow completely, and the last two times in May and July respectively. The canopy light transmittance at seedling stage should be adjusted according to the change of light intensity in different seasons. Panax notoginseng seedlings are transplanted after one year, generally from June 65438+February to June 65438+1October of the following year. It is required to pick up seedlings, select seedlings and transplant. When rooting, prevent damage to root strips and spores. When selecting seedlings, the sick, injured and weak seedlings should be eliminated and cultivated in different grades. Panax notoginseng seedlings are divided into three levels according to the size and weight of roots: 1000 roots weighing more than 2 kg are the first level; Weight per thousand roots1.5 > >