Matters needing attention in delivery and acceptance of commercial housing? Please be more specific.

Buying a house must first look at three certificates, one book and one table:

"Three books" refer to the residential quality guarantee, residential instruction manual and construction engineering quality certificate.

"One certificate" refers to the comprehensive acceptance certificate for the completion of real estate development and construction projects.

"One Form" means (Completion Record Form).

If the developer can't provide these documents, you can refuse to accept the house, and the three books, one certificate and one form must be originals rather than copies.

"Construction Engineering Quality Certificate" is the certificate that the house has passed the quality acceptance of relevant departments;

"Real estate development and construction project completion comprehensive acceptance certificate" is the certificate that the real estate project has passed the comprehensive acceptance of the relevant departments;

"Completion Acceptance Record Form" is the detailed information of the acceptance record submitted by the real estate to the competent department, and it is the sign document that the developer must be responsible for the real estate.

These three documents are the signs that the building has passed the acceptance and been recognized by the relevant state departments, and are the necessary conditions for developers to hand over the building. However, many developers have issued a notice of repossession when the construction has not been accepted. For example, property buyers take back the building in some way and sign relevant documents. According to the principle of freedom of contract and autonomy of will, once signed, it is regarded as recognition of the quality of the building. It is difficult for buyers to get legal support in litigation.

With these relevant documents, developers can close the house and inspect the house.

Blank room inspection:

Universality problem

Problem one

Cracking at the junction of secondary masonry structure

Cause analysis: No strengthening measures were taken at the joint between the secondary masonry structure and the original structure. This problem is a common problem in civil engineering, and it is also reflected in the report. Civil engineering problems account for the largest proportion, with more than 20 items per 100 square meters. Construction supervision should be strengthened and construction technology should be optimized.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: If the cracks here are not handled properly, they will still crack after the later wall decoration is completed, which will affect the use and impression of the wall.

Judgment method: Tap both sides of the crack by hand. If the sound is different, the wall materials on both sides are different. The hollow sound is a secondary structure, and the crack is a secondary masonry structure crack.

Question 2

The hole where the gas pipe passed through the floor was not filled.

Cause analysis: The gap between the pipeline and the floor was not filled in accordance with the specifications due to the reduction process, which was also caused by the process defects of civil engineering problems. As can be seen from the report, the proportion is the highest and the influence is great.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: this gap is not filled, which reduces the sealing performance of the upper and lower floors. The water in the upper floor can also seep down from here and soak the top floor decoration, leading to mildew.

Judgment method: Observe whether there are cracks with naked eyes, pour water into the filled layer, and check whether there are water stains on the next layer, so as to judge whether the filling is dense.

Question 3

Horizontal deviation of wall surface on both sides of door opening

Cause analysis: the original foundation wall is uneven or the plastering thickness is inconsistent, the facing is not leveled effectively, and the setting-out is not carried out during construction. In the report statistics, civil engineering problems account for the highest proportion, and this problem is also a high-incidence problem in civil engineering. The probability of occurrence in every household is above 90%. Strengthen construction supervision, and make timely rectification when problems are found.

Risk index: ★★★★

Risk analysis: it will affect the overall impression of the wall and the house. When decorating, the owner needs to re-level, and the additional items will have certain economic losses.

Judgment method: use a steel ruler to observe against the wall or naked eyes to judge whether the walls on both sides are in the same plane.

Question 4

The wall in the basement was watered.

Cause analysis: the waterproof layer of the external wall is damaged or the outdoor drainage pipe is unorganized, and rainwater will penetrate downward here, resulting in the flooding of the internal wall. This problem is a key problem in civil engineering. In the investigation of villas, the probability of occurrence accounts for as much as 50%, which has a great influence on the later residence.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: the wall decoration will be moldy due to water accumulation on the wall, which will not only affect the living, but also bring additional economic losses.

Judgment method: Observe the wall surface for signs of water seepage with naked eyes, or measure whether the moisture content of the wall surface exceeds the standard with a hygrometer.

Question 5

There is water stain on the top surface of the pipeline.

Cause analysis: the top surface of the pipeline is not tightly closed, the gap between the pipeline and the casing is not filled, and the waterproof is not in place. This problem is also a civil engineering problem, accounting for more than 70% in the report, and often appears in the house inspection, which needs more attention and timely rectification.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: The water upstairs will seep here, and the wall or top decoration will be damaged, which will not only affect the owner's use of the bathroom, but also bring certain economic losses.

Judgment method: visually observe whether the color of the top surface has water stains.

Safety hidden trouble problem

Problem one

Unorganized drainage of rainwater pipeline

Cause analysis: it is a design defect, and the drainage rainwater pipe is not effectively led out; This problem is a common problem of villa drainage. According to the report data, the proportion of design problems is less than 6%, but such problems reflect human nature and responsibility, which have a great impact on the later period and should attract more attention.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: Long-term infiltration of rainwater along this area will lead to the subsidence of backfill soil, which will affect the stability of foundation, the basement wall will be flooded, and the foundation will be in a bubble environment for a long time, which will have certain safety hazards.

Judgment method: Visually observe whether the backfill around the external wall sinks, whether the rainwater discharged by the drainage rainwater pipe can be led out, and whether there is loose water around the external wall.

Question 2

The gas pipe goes through the bedroom.

Cause analysis: It is a design defect, and there is no reference to relevant gas codes during design or construction. As can be seen from the report, there are few gas problems, the number is less than 0.4 per 100 square meters, but the impact is more serious. In the process of design and construction, we should improve our sense of responsibility and be familiar with relevant specifications.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: gas is flammable. When the pipeline rusts after long-term use, the pipeline is easy to be damaged and the gas is easy to leak. People in the bedroom have potential safety hazards.

Judgment mode: judging by naked eye observation, gas pipeline cannot be laid in the bedroom.

Question 3

Leakage protection is invalid or not installed.

Cause analysis: the air switch is damaged or the leakage protection system is not installed. From the analysis of the report data, it can be seen that although there are few electrical problems, they have a great impact. This problem is accompanied by potential safety hazards, which is often encountered in house inspection and needs more attention.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: When the power socket with leakage protector leaks, the leakage protector will automatically trip to cut off the power supply. If the leakage protection is invalid, an electric shock accident may occur.

Judgment mode: electroscope inspection.

Question 4

The power socket is short of grounding wire or the grounding wire is in poor contact.

Cause analysis: the grounding wire was not connected when laying the line, and the workers were not familiar with the relevant specifications due to improper technology. Although this kind of problem is rare, it is accompanied by potential safety hazards, so construction supervision should be strengthened to meet the use requirements.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: When the electrical equipment is out of order or aging, the power supply may break through the electrical components and electrify the metal shell of the equipment. If there is no grounding wire in the socket, the current cannot be introduced into the earth through the grounding wire in time, and an electric shock accident may occur at any time.

Judgment mode: Check with an electroscope or remove the socket to see if there is a ground wire, and test with an electric pen. The yellow-green line is the ground wire.

Question 5

Air conditioning socket wire diameter is not enough.

Cause analysis: The wire model used is not up to standard. Although there are few electrical problems reflected in the report, they are often accompanied by potential safety hazards, which need to be paid attention to and strengthened supervision.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: insufficient wire diameter and high resistance will affect the normal operation of electrical appliances and damage them, and at the same time, the wires will heat up and cause fire.

Judgment method: the wire diameter of ordinary household sockets is generally 2.5 square meters, and that of air conditioners is 4 square meters. The detachable socket is measured with calipers, and samples can be prepared in advance for comparison.

A beautifully decorated house

Universality problem

Problem one

The wooden floor is empty and dusty.

Cause analysis: it is caused by process defects and process reduction. Before paving, the ground leveling is not in place, and the ground putty powder is not cleaned up. Wood floor is a kind of plank paving. According to the report data, this problem is a high-incidence problem, and the probability of occurrence in the inspected houses exceeds 80%. Later rectification is troublesome, so it is necessary to strengthen construction supervision.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: Long-term trampling on empty drums will cause the floor to collapse or tilt, and long-term ash discharge will pollute the indoor environment. Most owners of hardcover housing community can't live in time because of this problem.

Judgment method: tread lightly on the floor with your feet, and it is sunken, loose and dusty.

Question 2

The wallpaper is uneven, sticky and cracked.

Cause analysis: improper technology leads to ineffective leveling, polishing and cleaning of the wall before paving, and the paving technology is not in place. The report reflects that the pasting problem is good on the whole, but it has a great influence on the overall impression of the interior, and the technology should be controlled well.

Risk index: ★★★★

Risk analysis: affect the overall perception, and it will fall off after long-term use.

Judgment method: Stand at the distance of 1.5m and observe with naked eyes whether there are cracks or white spots.

Question 3

Floor tile hollowing

Cause analysis: improper technology, poor leveling of the ground before paving, poor cleaning of the ground, lack of ash under the brick, insufficient mortar, poor watering of the ground before paving, and different knocking methods during paving. According to the statistics of the report, the problem of plate paving is the most frequent problem in all kinds of projects, so the problems that bother the owners in the later period often occur in various communities and need to be controlled emphatically.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: after long-term use, the bricks here will be loose and warped, and it is easy to break and accumulate water under the bricks.

Judgment method: tap the brick surface with a small hammer or hand. If there is an empty sound, it means it is empty.

Question 4

Gypsum line cracking

Cause analysis: improper technology, indoor temperature difference. This problem is a common problem in places with heating requirements in the north. More than 95% of the houses inspected in winter have this problem, which can be solved by special technology splicing.

Risk index: ★★★★

Risk analysis: this problem will not affect the use, but will affect the perception. If it is not handled properly, it is easy to crack during heating. Because of the large amount of decoration of hardcover rooms, there is no strict control over the requirements of technology. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly repair and wait for the cracks to take shape.

Judgment method: visually observe whether there is crack at the joint of gypsum line.

Question 5

The sewer pipe leaks and the interface with the embedded pipe is not sealed.

Cause analysis: The water leakage of the pipeline is caused by loose connection or pipeline damage, and the sealing of the interface between the sewer pipe and the embedded pipe is caused by the reducing process. This problem belongs to the details of construction. As can be seen from the report, the overall situation of water supply and drainage is good, but this problem often appears in water supply and drainage, so we should pay more attention to it.

Danger index: ★★★★★

Risk analysis: water leakage will cause certain economic losses and damage the decoration; If the interface between sewer pipe and embedded pipe is not sealed, there will be odor backflow and indoor air pollution. There are countless cases in which the wooden floor is damaged by leaking pipes, resulting in water seepage downstairs.

Judgment method: Fill the washbasin with water, then put it into the water for testing, and observe whether there is water leakage with naked eyes or touch with hands; Observe whether there is sealing material at the interface between the sewer pipe and the embedded pipe, and pull the sewer pipe by hand. If it can be pulled out, it is not sealed.

Safety hidden trouble problem

Problem one

The wall tiles are loose and fall off.

Cause analysis: before paving, the wall was not cleaned, the mortar was not full, and the improper technology led to empty drum and looseness. From the statistics of the report, it can be seen that the problem of plate paving in hardcover rooms accounts for the highest proportion, with nearly 15 problems per 100 square meters, and the later maintenance is troublesome, so the construction requirements should be strengthened.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: Wall bricks in wet areas are easy to fall off after a long time of use, and wall bricks in high places are in danger of hurting people.

Judgment method: Knock the wall brick with a small hammer or hand, and the part with empty sound is empty drum.

Question 2

The outdoor unit has no safety protection measures.

Cause analysis: design defects, failure to consider site conditions, or failure to install protective fence during construction. The safety protection problem accounts for the smallest proportion, and it does not often appear in the house inspection, but it has a great influence. It is emphasized in the report that it should be considered as a whole when designing.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: After opening the door, you can directly enter the outdoor unit, and there is a risk of falling, especially in families with children.

Judgment method: Visually check whether there are safety measures such as protective railings in such areas.

Question 3

Safety glass burst

Cause analysis: When the original glass is collided and burst by external force, it may produce deep scratches, so it is easy to burst. This problem belongs to the insufficient protection of finished products, and the proportion of protection problems is second only to that of process problems, so it is necessary to strengthen workers' awareness of protection.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: people are easy to fall from here, especially children. Therefore, we should pay attention to whether there are deep scratches or multiple scratches on the indoor safety glass, and replace it in time to avoid later bursting.

Judgment method: Observe with naked eyes whether there is any scratch or burst.

Question 4

The air duct is not fixed and placed on the ceiling.

Cause analysis: improper technology, workers' low technology and weak sense of responsibility. Technological problems are common problems in construction. As can be seen from the report, the proportion of process problems is above 70%, and construction supervision needs to be strengthened.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: In the later stage, the ceiling cracked, sank or even collapsed due to the excessive self-weight of the air duct, which has certain safety hazards.

Judgment method: use flashlight to illuminate from the air conditioning maintenance port, and visually judge whether the air duct has reinforcement measures such as suspenders.

Question 5

There is no exhaust hole on the door of gas meter cabinet.

Cause analysis: design defects, failure to consider actual use or reservation during construction, unfamiliarity of cabinet manufacturers' personnel with gas standards, and insufficient on-site inspection.

Danger index: ★★★★★★★

Risk analysis: When gas leaks, the leaked gas can't be perceived by the alarm in time, which is prone to safety accidents. Although the proportion of design problems reflected in the report is small, it has a great impact, and there are not a few cases of fire caused by gas leakage.

Judgment method: Visually check whether there are louvers or air holes in the cupboard door of the gas station.