Drama knowledge

1. Definition: Drama is a comprehensive stage art that shapes the stage image, reveals social contradictions and reflects real life by means of literature, music, dance and art.

2. Features:

(1), the script must be suitable for stage performance. The performance should be limited by time and space, and the big events that happened in different places for a long time should be concentrated on a limited stage and displayed in two or three hours.

For the knowledge of "three unifications", see the fourth paragraph on page 162.

(2) There must be concentrated and sharp contradictions and conflicts.

Drama reflects the contradictions and conflicts in real life. Without contradictions and conflicts, there would be no drama. Conflict is a reflection of social contradictions, which has a certain development process and constitutes the plot structure of the script.

The plot structure of the script can be divided into: beginning-development-* *-ending.

Beginning: Introduce the relationship between characters and reveal contradictions and conflicts.

Development: Describe the ups and downs of the plot, with waves of unrest rising again and again, pushing the contradictions and conflicts to the situation of * * * step by step.

* * *: Contradictions and conflicts reached their peak, showing a trend of rapid transformation.

Ending: Ending is the inevitable result of plot development and the solution of contradictions and conflicts.

Conclusion: echo the preface, enlighten the ideological content of the script, and arouse people's association and prospect.

(3) The characters' language and actions must conform to their respective identities and characteristics.

3, the script depicts the characters to promote the plot and the means of expressing ideas are:

(1), stage description: including character list, stage art, environment, sound, character up and down, gestures, movements, expressions, psychological activities, etc.

(2) dialogue and lyrics of characters: including monologues, narrators and dialogues. It is the main part of the script, and its task is to unfold the plot, prompt the character's character and express the theme.

(3) Structural form: divided into scenes. The tomb is a big unit, and the field is a small unit.

4, drama classification:

(1), different artistic forms and expressions: drama, opera, ballet, poetic drama, musical, cross talk drama.

(2) The complexity and structure of the plot are different: full-length drama and one-act drama.

(3) Themes reflect different times: historical dramas and modern dramas.

(4) The nature and manifestation of conflicts are different; Tragedy, comedy, drama (tragicomedy).

(5) Different regional colors: Beijing Opera (Beijing), Shanghai Opera (Shanghai), Henan Opera (Henan), Shandong Opera (Shandong and Jiangsu), Sichuan Opera, Han Opera (Hubei), Chu Opera (Hubei and Jiangxi), Shanxi Opera (Shanxi) and Huangmei Opera (Zhejiang).

(6) Different performances: stage plays, radio plays, movies, TV plays, etc.

The author and thunderstorm

Author Cao Yu, formerly known as Wan Jiabao, was born in a declining feudal family in Tianjin on 19 10. 1933 when he was in the fourth grade in Tsinghua University, he finished his first novel "Thunderstorm" by full-length play, and showed his artistic talent for the first time with profound ideological content and superb artistic skills, which caused a shock in the drama world. "Thunderstorm" is my first movie * * *, maybe I cried. "

After Thunderstorm, Cao Yu wrote Sunrise, Peking Man, Yuan Ye and other plays. Thunderstorm and Sunrise are his greatest masterpieces. After liberation, Cao Yu had plays such as Clear Sky, Brave Sword and Wang Zhaojun.

The symbolic meaning of the title

The title of Thunderstorm not only points out the natural climate in which the dramatic plot takes place: It's getting darker and hotter. The low and humid air is extremely irritating. " This weather finally led to lightning and thunder at night, and it was stormy. Parallel to this bad weather, a devastating "thunderstorm" was brewing in this feudal family and finally broke out: four winds and Zhou Chong were electrocuted and Zhou Ping shot himself ... The "thunderstorm" in Nature and Family actually symbolizes the increasingly acute social contradictions. With the title Thunderstorm, the author vividly tells people that in the semi-feudal and semi-colonial China in the 1920s, an earth-shaking social change was inevitable.