The physical geography of Sangendale

Sanggendalai Town of Zhenglan Banner is located in the south of Xilin Gol League, in the middle of Zhenglan Banner, in the hinterland of Hunshandake Sandy Land, with an altitude of1.325m.. It has a semi-arid continental climate in the middle temperate zone, with an average annual temperature of 1-4℃ and an average frost-free period of 105 days. Sanggendalai town has the same topography, mainly the characteristics of sand and sand dunes.

The natural conditions in Sangendale Town have the following characteristics:

-located in the plateau, high in the south and low in the north. The town is located in the south of Xilingol Plateau, with an average elevation of1300m. The terrain is slightly inclined from south to north, and the south and southeast are rugged low hills, which pass through the plain Tara between the basin depression and the sand and gradually transition to the sand in the north-central part. Sandy land is dominated by ridge dunes in the east and mound dunes in the west; 90% sand dunes are fixed and semi-fixed, and the proportion of mobile sand dunes is very small, but the activated area has expanded due to drought and overgrazing. Fixed and semi-fixed dunes have good vegetation coverage and have been used as sandy pastures.

The climate is dry. The climate of the town belongs to the semi-arid continental climate in the middle temperate zone, with drought and little rain in spring, frequent cold air, sandstorms and strong winds; Summer is warmer, most of the precipitation in the whole year is in this season, and the wind is the smallest; Autumn is short, precipitation drops sharply, temperature drops and wind increases; Winter is cold and long, with frequent snowstorms and continuous low temperature. The main climatic characteristics can be summarized as follows: long sunshine time and sufficient light energy; The temperature changes sharply and the temperature difference is large; The gap is unevenly distributed, with the least in spring; There are many windy days and insufficient heat. The annual average rainfall is 345.6 mm, the average temperature is 1. 1℃, and the frost-free period is 105 days.

-The grassland area is large and the vegetation is seriously degraded. The total grassland area of Sanggendalai Town is 242 1 10,000 mu, accounting for 98.83% of the total land area of the town. The available grassland area is 2 1.37 million mu. Grassland soil is mostly aeolian sandy soil, which is extremely fragile; Dark chestnut soil is distributed on the Tara between sand dunes, chestnut soil is distributed on the low hills in the southeast, and small meadow soil is distributed on the depressions in the lake basin. Grassland vegetation coverage is low, dune vegetation coverage is about 10-20%, and good vegetation coverage can reach 30-50%. The town has 262,000 mu of first-class grassland, second-class grassland 10 14000 mu and third-class grassland of 860,000 mu. Generally speaking, the annual output of green hay in this town is 30.3743 million kg, and the suitable stocking capacity is within cold season 102486 sheep unit and warm season 164469 sheep unit. The trend of grassland desertification and degradation is serious. The existing grasslands are degraded to varying degrees, and the grassland desertification rate is over 78%.

-There are many lakes, groundwater resources are widely distributed and water quantity is relatively abundant. There are many lakes in China, and the main water sources are atmospheric precipitation, surface runoff and subsurface flow recharge, which are the main sources of water supply for animal husbandry. There are two kinds of lakes. One is a lake with high salinity, which dries up in dry years due to the annual change rate of rainfall. This kind of lake has high salinity, and most of them are salty lakes, and some of them have water all the year round. The other is freshwater lake, which can be directly used for water supply for animal husbandry, and a few can also be used for aquaculture or using its reeds. Groundwater is widely distributed in the territory, with abundant water and good water quality. Generally, it is not deeply buried, especially in the sand area, where the water level is high and it is easy to be mined. The sunrise water quantity of a single well is generally above100t.

There are also scattered trees and shrubs such as elm, yellow willow and Caragana microphylla in the grassland.