The geographical environment of Shenzhen

Shenzhen is located in the south-central coastal area of Guangdong Province, northeast of the Pearl River Estuary, with a low latitude and a subtropical maritime climate. Affected by monsoon, southeast wind prevails in summer, monsoon depression, tropical cyclone patronage, high temperature and rainy weather; The northeast monsoon prevails in other seasons, with dry weather and mild climate. The annual average temperature is 22.4℃, the highest temperature is 38.7℃ (1980 July 10), and the lowest temperature is 0.2℃ (1957 February 1 1). There is abundant rainfall, with the rainy season from April to September every year, with annual rainfall of1.933mm, maximum annual rainfall of 2662mm (1.957) and minimum annual rainfall of 91.3mm (1.963). The sunshine time is long, with an average annual sunshine time of 2 1. 20. 5 hours and annual solar radiation of 5225 MJ/m2. The dominant wind direction throughout the year is east-southeast, and it is affected by tropical cyclones (typhoons) 4-5 times a year on average.

In spring, the influence of cold air on Shenzhen begins to weaken, and the weather is changeable, and there are often warm and cold weather. There is still strong influence of cold air in early spring, and cold wave weather can still appear in late February a few years later, with less rain and different degrees of drought in most years. In summer, under the stable control of subtropical high, high temperature weather often occurs, which is the period when extreme maximum temperature appears. At the same time, summer is also the season with the richest precipitation in Shenzhen, and the precipitation varies greatly in different regions of Shenzhen, which is prone to local floods and short-term thunderstorms and windy weather. Autumn is a period of little rain and drought in Shenzhen. It is sunny and sunny in autumn. Autumn drought is easy to occur and develop rapidly because of less rainfall and large evaporation. There are different degrees of autumn drought in Shenzhen almost every year. Winter is the coldest season in Shenzhen, often controlled by dry and cold airflow, with the lowest temperature and scarce precipitation throughout the year. The total cultivated land resources in Shenzhen are 2,446.7 hectares, the fruit planting area is 9,946.7 hectares and the forestry land is 79,700 hectares. It is rich in agricultural and sideline products such as Longgang "Sanhuang Chicken", Nantou Litchi, Nanshan Peach, Shiyan Pear, Scarab Orange and Longhua Persimmon. Shajing oyster is another feature of Shenzhen. The national protected wild animals that inhabit and breed are tiger frog, python, macaque, civet, leopard and pangolin. There are 5 species of amphibians, 23 species of reptiles, 30 species of birds and 33 species of mammals with great economic value.