Preventive measures of high temperature in summer

Preventive measures of high temperature in summer

Precautions against high temperature in summer are prone to many problems in hot weather. Since the beginning of summer, there has been continuous high temperature weather in some parts of China. Although there has been rain in some places, a small amount of rain can not effectively alleviate the heat. The following are the preventive measures for high temperature in summer.

Preventive measures for high temperature in summer 1 I. technical measures

(1) Reasonable design of process flow: Reasonable design of process flow and improvement of production equipment and operation methods are the fundamental measures to improve high-temperature working conditions, that is, starting from the source. Such as steel rolling, casting, enamel and other computerized production, can keep workers away from heat sources and reduce labor intensity. The heat source arrangement shall meet the following requirements:

(1) shall be arranged outside the workshop as far as possible;

(2) When natural ventilation is dominated by hot pressing, it should be arranged below the skylight as far as possible;

(3) When natural ventilation is mainly adopted by cross flow, it should be arranged on the downwind side of the dominant wind direction in summer as far as possible;

(4) Take heat insulation measures for the heat source;

(5) The workplace is easy to take cooling measures, and partition walls (plates) can be set between heat sources to make hot air rise along the partition walls (plates) and be discharged through the skylight.

In order to avoid spreading to the whole workshop, hot finished products and semi-finished products should be shipped out of the car in time or stacked on the leeward side.

(2), heat insulation:

Water or materials with low thermal conductivity can be used for thermal insulation, among which water has the best thermal insulation effect, high specific heat and can absorb thermal radiation to the maximum extent.

(3), ventilation cooling:

(1) Natural ventilation: any house can be naturally ventilated through doors, windows and gaps; However, in a high-temperature workshop with large heat and scattered heat sources, it is necessary to ventilate for more than 30-50 times per hour before the residual heat can be discharged in time. At this time, the air inlet and air outlet must be reasonably configured to maximize the efficiency of natural ventilation;

(2) Mechanical ventilation: Mechanical ventilation can be used when natural ventilation can't meet the needs of cooling or the workshop is required to maintain a certain temperature and humidity in production.

(3) Conditional enterprises can install air conditioners in the workshop to cool down and dehumidify.

Second, health care measures

(1) Supply drinks and supplement nutrition: Workers working in high temperature should supplement water and salt equal to the amount of sweating. The best way to replenish water and salt is to supply salty drinks. The average person supplies 3-5 liters of water and about 20 grams of salt every day. If you sweat less than 4 liters in an 8-hour working day, you can take 15- 18 grams of salt from food every day.

If the amount of sweating exceeds this number, in addition to salt intake from food, salt should be supplemented from drinks. The salt content of the beverage should be 0. 15%-0.2%. It is advisable to drink a small amount of water many times. Working in a high temperature environment increases energy consumption, so the total dietary calories should be higher than that of ordinary workers.

It is best to reach 12600- 13860 kJ. Protein should be increased to 14%- 15% of the total heat. This can also supplement vitamins, calcium and so on.

(2) Personal protection: The work clothes of high-temperature workers should be made of fabrics with heat insulation, low thermal conductivity and good air permeability. In order to prevent radiant heat, you can use overalls made of white canvas or aluminum foil. High-temperature work clothes should be wide and not interfere with operation.

(3) Strengthen the physical examination of employees' occupational health. Workers exposed to high temperature should undergo occupational health examination before and during their posts. Anyone who suffers from organic diseases of cardiovascular system, vasomotor dysfunction, persistent hypertension, ulcer, active tuberculosis, emphysema, liver and kidney diseases, obvious endocrine diseases, organic diseases of central nervous system and skin allergy.

Scar patients, convalescents after serious illness and infirm people are not suitable for high temperature operation.

Third, organizational measures

Strengthen leadership, improve management, and do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling in enterprises in strict accordance with relevant national laws, regulations and standards. Improve and implement the responsibility system, formulate emergency plans, and pay close attention to the implementation of preventive measures to prevent workers from heatstroke caused by high temperature weather.

At the same time, according to the regional climate characteristics, the labor rest system for high-temperature operation in summer should be appropriately adjusted, so as to reduce the labor intensity, strictly control the outdoor operation time, avoid the operation in high-temperature period, and ensure the health and life safety of workers.

Summer high temperature prevention measures 2 1, summer heatstroke prevention measures to open doors and windows reasonably.

Many people think that when the temperature is high in summer, all doors and windows should be opened to cool down. In fact, this idea is wrong. For example, during the day, the outdoor temperature is much higher than the indoor temperature. At this time, if you open the doors and windows at home, it will let the hot air outside.

It is not conducive to cooling down, so if you can choose to open the window in the morning and evening, it will not only help the air circulation, but also help to "drive away" the heat in the house and let the cold air outside come in. Therefore, it is best not to open the window and draw curtains during the day, which is more conducive to cooling down.

2. Physical methods of heatstroke prevention and cooling measures in summer

Take a bath with hot water and wash your feet with hot water. Many people think that cold water can cool down. In fact, although bathing in cold water can really make you comfortable for a while, you will find that your body will be hotter after a few minutes.

Because if you take a bath or wipe your body with hot water, you will sweat more, but it will help to open up the tiny blood vessels in your body, which is conducive to the heat discharge of your body, thus making people cool down regularly. Although you will feel a little hot after taking a hot bath, you will feel more comfortable all over.

3. Summer diet heatstroke prevention measures

3. 1, replenish water in time, but drink less drinks. Juice, cola, sprite, soda and other drinks contain more saccharin and electrolyte. Drinking too much will cause bad stimulation to the gastrointestinal tract and affect digestion and appetite. So drink more boiled water or light salt (sugar) boiled water in summer.

3.2. It is not advisable to binge drink after being thirsty. After sweating a lot in labor and sports, it is not advisable to drink a lot of white water, and some light salt (sugar) water should be supplemented appropriately, because after sweating a lot, too much salt is lost in the human body, accounting for about 0.5% of sweat. If salt is not supplemented in time, the ratio of water to salt in the body will be seriously unbalanced, leading to metabolic disorder.

3.3, diet should not be too light. In summer, people have long activities, sweat a lot and consume a lot. They should eat more nutritious foods such as chicken, duck, lean meat and fish eggs to meet the metabolic needs of the human body.

Precautions for high temperature in summer 3 (1) Take a sunshade, light-colored clothes and a wide hat when going out. If possible, it is best to apply sunscreen; Prepare plenty of water and drinks.

(2) Open the window frequently for ventilation, and it is best to close it after opening 1-3 hours. Make more use of natural wind to reduce the indoor temperature, such as sprinkling some water on the ground.

(3) It is not advisable to bathe in cold water immediately when sweating all over; You should dry your sweat first, have a rest, and then take a bath with warm water.

(4) Pay attention to work and rest time to ensure sleep; In summer, the days are long and the nights are short, the temperature is high, the human body has a strong metabolism, consumes a lot, and is prone to fatigue. Adequate sleep can relax the brain and body system, which is not only beneficial to work and study, but also a measure to prevent heatstroke. The best time to sleep is from 22: 00 to 23: 00, and the best time to get up is from 5: 30 to 6: 30.

(5) Eat salty food and drink more cold boiled water, cold salt water, white chrysanthemum water and mung bean soup. Don't drink too many cold drinks or alcoholic drinks. Ideally, drink 1.5 to 2 liters of water every day according to the temperature. When sweating a lot, you can add some salt water appropriately to make up for the salt lost by sweating.

Tips for heatstroke prevention

(1) Eat less and eat more: The more you eat in one meal, the more metabolic calories your body will produce in order to digest these foods. Special attention should be paid to eating less high-protein foods, which will produce more metabolic calories.

(2) Eat spicy food: Doctors believe that although it is unthinkable to eat these things on a hot day, spicy food can stimulate the heat reception in the mouth, improve blood circulation, lead to a lot of sweating, and help lower the body temperature;

(3) Warm water shower: It is best to shower or bathe with warm water slightly below body temperature, especially before going to bed;

(4) Drink more water: Doctors recommend drinking less water and drinking more water, because alcohol may cause water shortage, and mineral water or low-sugar soda is a better choice.

What should I do if I get heatstroke?

People who often suffer from high temperature heatstroke include outdoor workers, summer tourists, the elderly in the family, bedridden people for a long time, pregnant women and babies. In case of heatstroke, the rescue measures are as follows:

(1) Immediately move the patient to a ventilated, cool and dry place, such as a corridor or under a tree.

(2) Let the patient lie on his back, unbutton clothes and take off or loosen clothes. If clothes are soaked by sweat, change dry clothes, and turn on the electric fan or air conditioner to dissipate heat as soon as possible.

(3) Reduce the body temperature below 38 degrees as soon as possible. The specific method is to cold compress the head, armpit and groin with a cold wet towel; Wipe the whole body with warm water or alcohol; Soak in cold water 15 to 30 minutes.

(4) Patients who are conscious or have cooled down can drink mung bean soup and light salt water to relieve summer heat.

(5) You can also take Ren Dan and Huoxiang Zhengqi Water. In addition, for patients with severe heatstroke, they should call 120 immediately, and the medical staff will give first aid.