If you were asked to introduce Xinjiang, how would you introduce it?

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is known as the Western Region in the history of China, which means the western territory of China. It was included in the territory of China in the last century. 1759, after the Qing dynasty unified the western regions, it was renamed Xinjiang, which means "returning to the native land". Xinjiang, with its vast mountains and vast seas and rich resources, is the crossroads of the world-famous "Silk Road" and a mysterious treasure that people yearn for. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is located at 73 40 ′-96 23 ′ east longitude and 34 25 ′-49 ′ north latitude10 ′. It borders Mongolia, the former Soviet Union, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India from northeast to southwest, with a total length of about 4,500 kilometers, accounting for about 1/4 of the total length of the national land border, and is a neighbor of China. It borders Gansu, Qinghai and Xizang Autonomous Region in the east and south. The total area is 1.6 million square kilometers, accounting for about 1/6 of the total area in China. Among them, the mountainous area (including hills and plateaus, excluding intermountain basins) is about 806,000 square kilometers, and the plain area (including great basin and intermountain basins) is 854,000 square kilometers (the desert Gobi area in the plain area is 44 1.000 square kilometers, and the water area is 0.83 million square kilometers). The total area of Xinjiang is equivalent to 16 Zhejiang provinces, or the sum of the areas of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai provinces, and it is the largest province and region in China. From the stone age cultural relics unearthed in Xinjiang, it is proved that Xinjiang and Chinese mainland had an inseparable economic and cultural relationship in ancient times.

138, the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions. Former 10 1, set up envoys and captains in the western regions. 60 years ago, he established the Western Regions Duhu House (the seat of luntai county), which governs the vast areas east and south of Balkhash Lake, including today's Xinjiang. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and Sui Dynasty, there were five governors, namely, the long history of the western regions, the great protection of the country in the western regions, and the exercise of jurisdiction by a captain in the western regions, as well as Yanqi Town, Shanshan County, Qiwei County, Yiwu County and Yiwu Town in Gaochang County. In 640 and 702, in the Western Regions, the Tang Dynasty took the present Kudong and Jimsar counties as its jurisdiction, and set up two capital protection departments in Anxi and Beiting, and * * * governed two capital protection departments and 45 capital protection departments, 120 county.

In A.D. 125 1 year and 127 1 year, the Yuan Dynasty took the present Jimsar and Huocheng counties as its governing places, and set up two lines of Shangshu Province, Beli and Alimuli, which were in charge of the north and south of Tianshan Mountain respectively. The Ming dynasty followed the yuan system and set up Hami Wei. 1759 After the Qing Dynasty unified Xinjiang, the administrative divisions were divided as follows: Altay is now under the jurisdiction of Counsellor Cobudo and subordinate to Deputy General Urantai Dingbian; Hami, Barkun and Urumqi are under the jurisdiction of the Chief Secretary of Gansu; The rest of Xinjiang is under the jurisdiction of General Yili, 1884, located in Dihua (now Urumqi), the capital of Xinjiang Province. Until/very

1902, Xinjiang province administered 4 provinces, 6 states, 8 zhili departments, 2 defense departments, 2 zhili states 1 states1counties. 1 95565438+1October1Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was established. 1990 The autonomous region governs five autonomous prefectures, namely Yili, Bortala, Changji, Bayinguoleng and Kizilsu, eight regions, namely Yili, Tacheng, Altay, Turpan, Hami, Aksu Kashi and Hotan, two prefecture-level cities, Urumqi and Karamay, 14 county-level cities, and six autonomous counties in 65 counties./kloc-. 1990, the total population of the autonomous region was14,987,200, including 7,694,400 males, accounting for 5 1.34%, and 7,292,800 females, accounting for 48.66%. Agricultural population 10005900, accounting for 66.76%, non-agricultural population 498 1300, accounting for 33.24%; The urban population is 6,723,700, accounting for 44.86%, and the rural population is 8,263,600, accounting for 55 14%. There are more than 40 ethnic groups, and the proportion of 13 ethnic groups living in the world to the total population is: 7,093,800 Uighurs, accounting for 47.33%; Han nationality is 5,647,200, accounting for 37.68%; Kazakh 1 1 14700, accounting for 7.44%; Hui nationality 674 1 000, accounting for 4.50%; Kirgiz14130,000, accounting for 0.94%; There are 139700 Mongolians, accounting for 0.93%; 33,700 Tajiks, accounting for 0.22%; There are 33,500 Xibe people, accounting for 0.22%; Manchu 16200, accounting for 0.11%; Uzbek 1. 1.2 million, accounting for 0.07%; 732 1 Russian, accounting for 0.05%; Daur 553 1 person, accounting for 0.04%; There are 39 10 Tatars, accounting for 0.02%; 65 1000 people of other nationalities, accounting for 0.34%. The population density is 9 people/km2.

Xinjiang has a unique natural geographical environment, with 3 mountains and 2 basins. Altai Mountain in the north, from northwest to southeast, and Friendship Peak, the highest peak, is 4374 meters above sea level; In the middle is the east-west Tianshan Mountains, the highest peak of which is Tomur Peak, which is 7435 meters above sea level. Tianshan Mountains divide Xinjiang into north and south, commonly known as southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang. There are Kunlun Mountain in the south, east-west direction, Altun Mountain in the east, Karakorum Mountain in the middle and Pamir Plateau in the west, which are collectively called Kunlun Mountain. The highest peak, Jogory Peak, is 86 1 1 m above sea level, making it the second highest peak in the world. There is Junggar Basin between Altai Mountain and Tianshan Mountain, covering an area of 220,000 square kilometers, which is a semi-closed inland basin. In the middle of the basin is Gurbantunggut Desert, covering an area of 48,000 square kilometers, which is the largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China. There is Tarim Basin between Tianshan and Kunlun Mountains, covering an area of 530,000 square kilometers, which is the largest inland basin in the world. In the middle of the basin is Taklimakan Desert, covering an area of 337,000 square kilometers, which is the second largest mobile desert in the world. Small basins such as Yili River Valley, Zhaosu Basin, Hami Basin, Turpan Basin, Yanqi Basin and Baicheng Basin.