What kinds of verbs are there? What are the intransitive verbs that are often tested?

Verbs can be divided into four categories according to their meanings and functions in sentences, namely, behavioral verbs (also called notional verbs), connective verbs, auxiliary verbs and modal verbs.

(A) behavior verbs

Behavior verbs (notional verbs) are words that express behavior, action or state. Its meaning is complete and can be used as a predicate alone. For example:

My mother and I live in Beijing. My mother and I live in Beijing. ) live, live

It has a round face. (It has a face of Zhang Yuanyuan. ) Yes, it is.

(b) connecting verbs

Conjunctive verbs are words that express the subject "what" or "how". Although meaningful, it is incomplete and cannot be used as a predicate alone. It must be combined with predicates to form a synthetic predicate, such as:

We are in Grade Two this year. We are in Grade Two this year. ) yes, yes.

The meaning of the word "are" is often untranslatable in sentences.

Connective verbs can be divided into three categories:

1, verb "yes". This word has different forms in different tenses after different subjects, so we should pay special attention to it, such as is, am, are, was, was, have, have/has be, etc. For example:

He is a teacher. He is a teacher. )

He was a soldier two years ago. )

We are from China. We are from China. )

2. Words expressing "feeling", such as look, touch, smell, sound, taste, etc. , for example:

She looks tired. She looks very tired. )

I don't feel well. I feel sick. )

Cotton feels soft. Cotton feels soft. )

This story sounds interesting. This story sounds interesting. )

These flowers smell delicious. These flowers smell good. )

The mixture test is terrible. This potion tastes terrible. )

3. Words expressing "change" and "change", such as becoming, getting, growing and turning, are all interpreted as "change" and "change", for example:

She became a college student. She became a college student. )

He doesn't feel well. His face turned white. He felt sick and turned pale. )

Spring is coming, the weather is getting warmer and the days are getting longer. When spring comes, the weather gets warmer and the days get longer. )

He's getting old. He is old. )

[difficult explanation]

Pay attention to distinguish the usage of the following verbs, which can be used as both behavioral verbs and connecting verbs.

1, look; seemingly

He is looking at this picture. He is looking at this picture. ) behavior verb

It looks beautiful. It looks beautiful. ) connecting verbs

2. Bump; feel

I think someone touched my arm. ) behavior verb

Do you feel better today than before? Do you feel better today than before? ) connecting verbs

3. sniff; smell

My little brother likes to smell the apples before eating them. ) behavior verb

Great! These flowers smell delicious. How sweet these flowers smell! ) connecting verbs

4, the voice is crisp and the pronunciation is accurate; sound

The letter "h" in hour is silent. The letter h is not pronounced in the word hour. ) behavior verb

Gunfire sounds much closer. ) connecting verbs

5, taste taste; taste

Please try this soup. Please try the soup. ) behavior verb

This soup tastes terrible. ) connecting verbs

6. get, get; change

There are some bananas on the table. Each of you can get one. There are some bananas on the table. Each of you can take one. ) behavior verb

7. Growth and planting; change

Do you grow rice in your country? Does your country grow rice? ) behavior verb

It is too late. It is getting dark. It's too late, it's getting dark. ) connecting verbs

8. Turn, turn and make; change

The earth moves around the sun. The earth moves around the sun. ) behavior verb

Spring has come, trees have turned green and flowers have opened. Spring comes, leaves turn green and flowers bloom. ) connecting verbs

Verbs in the above sentences, such as grow, get, turn, etc. , can be used as both a connecting verb and a behavior verb. How to distinguish them? One of the simplest ways is to replace these verbs in a sentence with a conjunction be, a sentence or a conjunction; On the other hand, action verbs are irreplaceable. For example:

Spring has come and the trees have turned green. Spring has come and the leaves have turned green. )

The earth moves around the sun. The earth moves around the sun. )

Turn in the second sentence is a behavioral verb, which means "turn". Cannot be replaced with is.

auxiliary verb

These words have no meaning in themselves, so they can't be predicates alone. They can only form predicates with the main verbs, indicating different tenses and voices, and expressing negation and doubt of sentences, for example:

He does not speak English well. ) He can't speak English well. )

Does in the sentence is an auxiliary verb, which not only expresses the simple present tense, but also forms a negative form with not.

A dog is chasing a cat. A dog is chasing a cat. )

Is is an auxiliary verb in a sentence, and together with the present participle of run, it constitutes the present continuous tense.

Does he have milk and bread for breakfast? Does he drink milk and eat bread for breakfast? )

Did is an auxiliary verb in the sentence, which not only expresses the simple past tense, but also forms an interrogative sentence with the verb have.

modal verb

Although these words are meaningful in themselves, they are incomplete. They express the speaker's ability, the speaker's tone or modality, such as "possible" and "should". Such verbs are can, may, must, need, dare, could, might and so on. You can't be a predicate alone, but you must be a predicate together with the action verb (prototype) to express the complete meaning, such as:

I can dance. I can dance. ) Yes, yes, yes.

He can't walk because he is a baby. No need.

may I come in? may I come in? ) Maybe, yes.

Section 2 Transitive verbs and intransitive verbs

Behavioral verbs (that is, notional verbs) can be divided into transitive verbs and intransitive verbs according to whether they need objects or not.

I. Transitive verbs

It must follow an object to complete the meaning, for example:

Please give me some ink. Please give me some ink. )

If you have any questions, you can raise your hand. Raise your hand if you have any questions. )

Second, intransitive verbs.

You can't follow the object, and the meaning is complete. Sometimes intransitive verbs can be added with adverbs or prepositions to form phrasal verbs, which are equivalent to transitive verbs. For example:

He works hard. He works hard. )

Jack runs faster than Mike. Jack runs faster than Mike. )

Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. )

He got an "A" this time because he reviewed his lessons. He got an "A" this time because he reviewed his lessons carefully. )

[difficult explanation]

1, many verbs can be used as transitive verbs or intransitive verbs. He must carefully understand and distinguish them in reading, such as:

Who will speak at the meeting? Who will speak at the meeting? ) said, intransitive verbs

Few people outside China speak Chinese. Few people speak Chinese outside China. Speak, a transitive verb

2. Pay special attention to the differences between some verbs in English and Chinese. Some words are intransitive in English, but transitive in Chinese. Sometimes it's the opposite. For example:

He is waiting for you. He is waiting for you. )

English wait is an intransitive verb, while Chinese "Deng" is a transitive verb.

Serve the people. )

English serve is a transitive verb, while Chinese "service" is an intransitive verb.

Exercise 1

Point out the underlined verbs in the following sentences and explain their meanings, for example:

We all study hard. (6). Learning)

He started work at seven this morning. ( )

I left my keys at home. ( )

We must take the old woman to the hospital at once. ( )

Billy felt very sad when he heard the bad news. ( )

Think about it carefully, and you will have a good idea. ( )

6. Don't think for yourself; Think of others. ( )

We are college students now, but we were in the factory two years ago. ( )

When Mr. Black saw that Jenny was late again, he got angry. ( )

9. Please wash your hands before meals. ( )

Li Ming often works for the wall newspaper after school. ( )

Exercise 2

Distinguish the actions in the following sentences, point out whether the underlined verb is a linking verb or an action verb, and write the meaning:

She looks fine. ( )

She tried to look at the blackboard, but she saw nothing. ( )

The students feel unhappy. ( )

I feel someone touching my back. ( )

It was snowing heavily when he arrived in the city. ( )

It is too late. It's getting dark. ( )

The teacher asked the students to turn it over. ( )

Spring has come and the leaves have turned green. ( )

Small trees grow quickly. ( )

It's getting dark. ( )

6. The lunch bell rings at 12. ( )

This music sounds good. ( )

Section 3 Persistent Verbs and Instantaneous Verbs

English action verbs can be divided into persistent verbs and transient verbs, and we should pay attention to the differences between them when using them.

First, persistent verbs

Indicates that an action can last for a period of time or longer. Common ones are studying, playing, doing, reading, learning, catching up, writing, cleaning, leaning, sleeping, speaking, waiting, flying, staying, writing, sitting, standing, lying down, keeping and so on.

Second, instantaneous verbs.

It means that an action happens in an instant, which is very short. Also known as the final verb. Common ones are start, start, finish, go, come, leave, discover, get up, arrive, arrive, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, be happy, join, lose, update, die, take away, put away, set off, put on, get up/down, etc.

The above focuses on most persistent verbs and transient verbs in junior high school textbooks.