How big is Shangri-La?

Shangri-La, which means "the sun and the moon in my heart" in Tibetan, is the city and capital of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province. It is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, in the hinterland of Hengduan Mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, at the junction of Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet provinces, and is also the location of the world natural heritage "Three Parallel Rivers" scenic spot.

As of 20 14, Shangri-La has a total area of 1 16 13 square kilometers, governing 4 towns, 7 townships, 6 communities and 58 administrative villages. 20 1 1 At the end of the year, the total population of Shangri-La was 174585, including Han nationality, Naxi nationality, Yi nationality and Bai nationality, and the population density was 10 population /km2, making it one of the cities with the largest population and the lowest population in Yunnan Province. In 20 1 1 year, Shangri-La achieved a county-level GDP of 3,595.8 million yuan, and the added value of municipal primary, secondary and tertiary industries accounted for 9.4:38.3:52.3 of the county-level GDP.

Shangri-La appeared in the famous novel The Lost Horizon written by British writer james hilton in 1930s, which was admired by the world. It was quickly made into a film of the same name and won many Oscar awards, which made it more famous to the world. Shangri-La Tibetan area has a long history and beautiful natural scenery, including Pudacuo National Park, Dukezong Ancient City, Gadansong Zanlin Temple and Tiger Leaping Gorge.

geographical environment

Location context

Shangri-La is located in the Yunnan-Sichuan-Tibet triangle in the northwest of Yunnan Province, in the hinterland of Shangri-La in Diqing. Shangri-La borders Daocheng County and Muli County in Sichuan Province. The west and south face Lijiang City and Weixi County across the Jinsha River; The north and Deqin County are separated by a strip of water. Total area of city boundary 1 16 13 square kilometers.

Geological landform

Shangri-La is located in the east of Sanjiang Vertical Valley in Hengduan Mountains on the southeast edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Shaluli Mountain Range enters the county seat from Ganzi, Sichuan, and divides into two branches around the east and west sides of the county seat. Jinsha River enters the county from Tuzhaobi, flows south between Sasubi and Shigu in Jinjiang Township, and suddenly turns northeast until Rocky Jixin flows into Ping Zi, Sichuan, and surrounds the south of the county. Shangri-La has become a magnificent place with "Snow Mountain as the city and Jinsha as the pool" with narrow ends and wide middle. The general trend of the county topography is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, in which the highest point in balague is 5545 meters above sea level, and the lowest point in Luoji Jixin is 1503 meters above sea level, with a height difference of 4042 meters and an average elevation of 3459 meters. According to the landform, the county topography can be divided into mountains, plateaus, basins and valleys. [6]?

hydrology

river

All the rivers in China belong to the Jinsha River system. In addition to the main stream of Jinsha River, there are 244 large and small rivers in China. Among them, the first-class tributaries with annual average flow of 3.7 ~ 43.7 m3/s are Shuoduogang, Gangqu, Dongwang River, Niru River, Jiren River, Dulang River, Annan River, Liangmei River, Tangman River, Anle River, Baishui River and Mairu River.

lake

There are 298 alpine lakes (including moraine lakes) in Shangri-La, which are distributed over 10 mu at an altitude of 3000 ~ 4500m. Dongwang Township is wrong, Gini, Awang, Dang and Damocles are wrong, and Gezan Township is wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong. Jidi Cuobo, Jicuo, Napahai, Shudu Lake, Cuowala, Cuojiu, Bitahai and Nishi Cuona in Jiantang Town, Abougit Cuobo, Shaocuo and Sanhai in Xiaozhongdian Township, and Baihai, Shuanghai, Black Sea, Qinghai, Anacuogeda, Jiuzihai, Baha Black Sea and Gulf Sea between Xiaozhongdian Township and Jinjiang Township. Among them, I am the four plateau lakes with the largest area and the most beautiful scenery: Napahai, Bitahai, Shudu Lake and Sanbihai.

climate

Shangri-la is located in the high altitude and low latitude zone, and the climate changes with altitude, and six climatic zones appear in turn. It is a typical "three-dimensional agricultural climate", and its climatic characteristics are as follows:

1, monsoon climate

Controlled alternately by the southwest monsoon and the southern branch of westerly jet, the wet and dry seasons are distinct. It is rainy from June to 65438+ 10, and the rainfall accounts for 10 ~ 80% of the annual precipitation, forming a wet season. 11~ There are many sunny days in May, with sufficient sunshine and large evaporation. Rainfall accounts for 10 ~ 20% of the annual precipitation, forming a dry season.

2. Stereo climate

Snow-capped mountains stand tall in the county, the valley is deep, and the climate changes with altitude. From the Jinsha River Valley at an altitude of 1.503 meters to the top of Haba Snow Mountain at an altitude of 5309 meters, there are six climatic zones in turn, namely, the north sub-region of the valley, the warm temperate zone of the mountain, the cold temperate zone of the mountain, the sub-frigid zone of the mountain and the cold zone of the mountain. The climate of the county is wide and narrow, forming a typical three-dimensional climate of "one mountain divided into four seasons".

3. Plateau climate

The county is located at 3 25' of the Tropic of Cancer, and the Shangri-La Plateau is dominated by Zhongdian Bazi, with an average elevation of 3,450 meters. The annual solar radiation energy is sufficient, the annual temperature difference is small, there is no summer all year round, and the average temperature is 5.5℃. However, the atmospheric transparency is high, the solar radiation is strong, the temperature rises rapidly during the day, the temperature drops rapidly at night, and the daily temperature difference is large. The daily temperature difference in dry season can reach 30℃, which can be described as "there are no four seasons in a year, and there are four seasons in a day".

4. Terrain and microclimate

Shangri-La is low in the south and high in the north, with warm and humid airflow in the south, relatively abundant precipitation, humid climate and relatively dry in the north. Shangri-La has a complex topographical structure and various climatic types are intertwined. In the same vertical climate zone, there is a single small topographic climate, such as forest climate, grassland climate and lake basin climate, which forms the climate characteristics of "different days in the middle"

natural resource

mineral resources

As of 20 10, there are 25 kinds of known mineral resources in Shangri-La, including gold, silver, copper, iron, tungsten, beryllium, molybdenum, manganese, lead, zinc, talc, microcrystal, asbestos, dolomite, marble, lignite and peat, and the mineral deposits and mineralization points are * * * 65438+.

Biological resources

Up to 20 10, there are 92 species of edible and medicinal fungi belonging to 24 families in Shangri-La. There are 3582 species of vascular plants in 234 families, including 36 families 144 species of bryophytes and 25 families 160 species of ferns. Seed plants 173 families, 877 genera, 3278 species.

Up to 20 10, there are 92 species of edible and medicinal fungi belonging to 24 families in Shangri-La. There are 3 1 family, 72 genera and 96 species of algae in China. Endangered plants include Cyperaceae, Ceratophyllum Zhongdianense, Rosa davurica Thunb. Zhongdianense, Chrysanthemum tingense, etc. Endangered animals include Yunnan golden monkey, Pudacuo half-fish man, black-necked crane and schizothorax fish.

Population and nationality

Human population

20 1 1 year, the total population of Shangri-La at the end of the year is 174585, including registered population 145265 and rural population 1 18477. The mortality rate is 4.8‰, the birth rate is 10.68‰, the natural population growth rate is 5.88‰, and the population density is 10 population /km2, making it one of the largest counties and cities in Yunnan Province with the lowest population density.

nation

Shangri-La includes Han, Naxi, Yi, Bai, Dai, Zhuang, Miao, Hui, Yi, Lahu, Wa, Yao, Jingpo, Bulang, Buyi, Achang, Hani, Xibe, Pumi and Mongolian.