Information about the Yellow River

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, the fifth longest river in the world and the river with the largest sediment concentration in the world. If the motherland is compared to an upright cock, the Yellow River, the mother river of China, is the artery of the cock's heart. It witnessed the great development of the people of China. The Yellow River has a flow of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of 752,443 square kilometers. Thousands of tributaries are connected with streams and rivers, like countless capillaries, which continuously convey vitality and vitality to the motherland. The Yellow River culture includes the Yellow River Chorus and famous poets such as Li Bai, Wang Wei and Wang Zhihuan. All this left a permanent farewell. Other musicians, professors, actors, etc. all take this name. The Yellow River has a total length of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of 752,442.76 square kilometers. It meanders through nine provinces in northern China. Seen from the air, it looks like a huge "Ji", which is a unique totem of our nation-the dragon. Kariqu and Yuegu Zonglie Canal at the northern foot of bayan har are the main sources of the Yellow River, which originated from Yaradazi Peak in Bayan Kara Mountains. The main stream is 4,675 kilometers long, with an average flow of 1774.5 cubic meters per second, and flows into the Bohai Sea in Kenli County, Dongying City, Shandong Province. The dividing point of the upper and middle reaches is Hekou Town, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the dividing point of the middle and lower reaches is Old Jin Meng, Henan Province. The estuary of the Yellow River is1500m wide, generally 500m, with a narrow part of only 50m and a water depth of 2.5m.. In some places, the depth is only 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters. The Yellow River in www.baidu.com originates in Bayan Kara, Qinghai, and its main stream flows through nine provinces of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong, and flows into the Bohai Sea. The annual runoff is 57.4 billion cubic meters and the average runoff depth is 79 meters. However, the water volume is not as large as that of the Pearl River, and there are 35 main tributaries along the way. The larger tributaries are in the upper reaches, with Huangshui River, Taohe River, Qingshui River, Fenhe River, Weihe River and Qinhe River in the middle reaches, and Yihe River and Luohe River in the lower reaches. Due to the lack of lakes and high riverbeds on both banks, there are few rivers flowing into the Yellow River, so the area of the lower reaches of the Yellow River is very small.

Heyuan to Guide is a mountainous and grassland plateau; The ownership of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; Above 3000 meters above sea level; Mountain peaks above 4000 meters; Source valley at an altitude of 4200 meters. Guide's reach from Jinmeng River is the Loess Plateau, with the western slope of Lvliang in the east, Weihe Valley in the south, Ordos Plateau in the north and Lanzhou Valley in the west. The elevation of the Loess Plateau is generally at 1, 000 ~ 1, 300 meters, with uneven terrain and deep slopes. The gully slope is 65,438+0.5 ~ 20 degrees, and the gully area accounts for 40 ~ 50%. Gully density is 3 ~ 5 kilometers per square kilometer, and the cutting depth is more than 1 meter. Below Jin Meng, it enters the low-lying North China Plain, with an altitude of no more than 50 meters. After entering the downstream, the river channel is flat, and the average gradient is only 0. 12%. The water flow slows down, a lot of sediment is deposited, and the riverbed is 4 ~ 5 meters above the ground. Due to the repeated diversions of the Yellow River, fan-shaped ancient riverbeds and ancient natural dikes are alluvial on the ground, becoming an inclined plain with alternating gentle hills and depressions, and the depressions are relatively open and flat.

The Yellow River runs from Guide to Minhe at an altitude of 3,000 to 1.600 meters, and enters Gansu from Minhe Xiachuankou. The climate in this section is mild and humid, and it has the reputation of "small south of the Yangtze River on the plateau", and the water flow is crystal clear, and it is also known as "the Yellow River is precious in Deqing". Ningxia Plain in Ningxia and Hetao Plain in Inner Mongolia are called the Yangtze River because they are located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, rich in water resources, convenient for irrigation, developed in agriculture and rich in aquatic plants.

River basin survey

The Yellow River reaches Hekou Town, Tuoketuo County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a total length of 3,472 kilometers. The middle reaches are Hekou Town to South Mengjin of Hukou Waterfall, with a length of 1206 km. Below Taohuayu is the downstream, with a river length of 786 kilometers. There are many opinions on the division of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the division scheme of the Yellow River Water Resources Commission is adopted here. The Yellow River runs through China from east to west, with a length of 1.900 km from east to west and a width of1.654,38+0.000 km from north to south, with a total area of 752,443 square kilometers.

The Yellow River, like a lion with his head held high, crosses the mountains of Qinghai and Gansu provinces from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Hetao Plain across Ningxia and Inner Mongolia; Pentium in the ravine between Shanxi and Shaanxi; Break through the "Longmen", turn around at the foot of Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, cross the North China Plain, and head for the coast of Bohai Sea. Flowing through 9 provinces; It has gathered more than 40 major tributaries and more than 65,438+0,000 streams and rivers, with a journey of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of more than 750,000 square kilometers, making it the second longest river in China. The average annual precipitation in the whole basin is about 400 mm, while the average annual runoff of the Yellow River is only 57.4 billion cubic meters, ranking eighth among Chinese rivers. There are more than 200 million mu of cultivated land in the basin, and the population is about 654.38+0 billion along the Yulu River downstream.

The average natural runoff of the whole Yellow River for many years is 58 billion cubic meters, the average annual runoff depth of the basin is 77 mm, the per capita water volume of the basin is 593 cubic meters, and the cultivated land is 324 cubic meters.

The middle reaches of the Yellow River flow through the Loess Plateau. Due to soil erosion, tributaries bring a lot of sediment, making the Yellow River the largest river with sediment concentration in the world. The annual maximum sediment discharge is 3965438+ 1 100 million tons (1933), and the maximum sediment concentration is 920kg/m3( 1977). The average sediment discharge of Sanmenxia Station for many years is about 65.438+0.6 billion tons, and the average sediment concentration is 35 kg/m3. According to world record association, China, the Yellow River has the largest sediment concentration.