Young men don’t know what it’s like to feel sad, so they forcefully describe it in order to compose new words. Now I feel all the sadness, but I feel like it’s been a cool autumn.

From "Chou Nuer·The middle wall of Shubo Mountain Road" written by Xin Qiji, a poet from the Song Dynasty. The original text is as follows:

Chou Nuer·The middle wall of Shubo Mountain Road

Xin Qiji [Song Dynasty]

The young man did not know the feeling of sorrow and fell in love with the upper floors. Falling in love with the upper floors, I force myself to express my sorrow in order to compose new words.

Now that I know all the sadness, I can’t stop talking. He was about to give it up, but he said, "It's a cool autumn!"

Translation

When people are young, they don’t understand the feeling of sadness and like to climb high and look far away. I like to climb high and look far away. In order to write new words, I insist on saying that I am worried when I don’t have worries.

Now that I have tasted all the sadness, I want to say it but can’t. I wanted to say something but couldn't, but said: "What a cool autumn!"

Notes

Chou Nuer: the name of the word brand.

Boshan: in the southwest of Guangfeng County, Jiangxi Province. It is named because it looks like the Xianglu Peak of Mount Lu. In the eighth year of Chunxi (1181), Xin Qiji resigned from his post and retired to Shangrao, where he often visited Boshan.

Juvenile: refers to when you are young. Don't know: don't understand, don't know what it is.

"For Fu" sentence: In order to write new words, I have no worries but insist on saying that I have worries.

Qiang (qiǎng): reluctantly, insistently.

Know everything: taste enough and understand deeply.

If you want to talk about it, please leave it (huán): The meaning expressed can be divided into two types: 1. The feelings between men and women that are difficult to express. 2. Have inner concerns but dare not express them.

Hugh: Stop.

Appreciation

This poem was written by the author when he was living by the lake. The whole article is full of sadness. Through the comparison between "youth" and "now", it shows the author's pain of being suppressed, excluded, and having no way to serve the country. It is also a satire and dissatisfaction with the Southern Song Dynasty court.

In the first film, a young man climbs high and looks into the distance. He is as strong as a mountain and does not know what sorrow is. Talking about sorrow without worry is a common habit among literati in poetry. The next part is about going through many hardships and "knowing all the sorrow". The word "now" has a powerful turning point, which not only shows the time span, but also reflects different life experiences. After being deeply involved in the world and experiencing many sorrows, we enter the stage of "knowing all the sorrow". The so-called "exhaustion of consciousness" means that there are many sorrows and deep sorrows. Some of these many and deep sorrows cannot be said, and some are inconvenient to say, and they are "exhausted" and cannot be explained, so what is the use of talking about them? All I can say is, "It's been a cool autumn." Compared to his naivety when he was young, he may be much more mature. In fact, "que Dao" is also a kind of "strong theory". I deliberately said it in a relaxed and relaxed manner, but in fact it was difficult to get rid of the heavy depression in my heart. Zhou Ji said that Xin's poems "become gentle and desolate". Those who read this word should be able to distinguish it.

The whole word is innovative and easy to understand. The sadness is downplayed, the words are spoken lightly. It embodies passion and elegance. Implicit and implicit, the language is shallow and the meaning is deep. It has a unique and intriguing charm.

Creative background

This poem was written between 1181 and 1192 AD, when Xin Qiji was impeached and resigned from office and lived in Daihu. When Xin Qiji lived in Daihu, he had no intention of enjoying it. Seeing that the country was changing day by day, I was powerless and couldn't relieve my sadness, so I wrote this poem on the wall of Boshan Road.

About the author

Xin Qiji (May 28, 1140 - October 3, 1207), whose original name was Tanfu, was later changed to You'an, and in his middle age, he was also nicknamed Jia. Xuan was born in Licheng County, Jinan Prefecture, Shandong East Road (now Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province). He was an official, general, writer, and bold poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. He was known as the "Dragon of Ci". Together with Su Shi, he is called "Su Xin", and together with Li Qingzhao, he is called "Jinan Er'an". When Xin Qiji was born, the Central Plains was already occupied by the Jin soldiers. At the age of 21, he joined the anti-Jin rebel army and soon returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. He has successively served as the pacifier of Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, and eastern Zhejiang. He devoted his life to resisting gold. He once published "Ten Comments on Meiqin" and "Nine Discussions" to lay out strategies for war and defense. His poems express the patriotic enthusiasm of trying to restore the unity of the country, express the grief and indignation of unrealized aspirations, and condemn the humiliation of the then rulers for peace; there are also many works that praise the country's mountains and rivers. The subject matter is broad and he is good at using allusions from previous generations into the lyrics. The style is majestic and heroic yet also delicate and charming. Because Xin Qiji's anti-golden ideas were inconsistent with the political views of the peace faction in power, he was later impeached and dismissed from office, and retired to Daihu, Jiangxi.