How to explain, understand and creatively talk about Li Shangyin's "Cui Yong and Cui Zhou fall in love in the snail pavilion"?

Bamboo dock is clean and clear, and acacia is separated from the city.

Autumn frost flies late, leaving dry lotus to listen to the rain.

This is Li Shangyin's famous sentence "Stay in the Rockfall Pavilion to remember Cui Yonghe and Cui Zhou", and "Stay dry and listen to the rain" is a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages.

This poem is different from some of Li Shangyin's other poems. The idea is dense, simple and implicit, and only some extremely ordinary scenery is written: bamboo dock, pavilion sill, water flow and withered lotus. But poets are all people after all. These common scenes, decorated by the poet's skillful hands, constitute a beautiful and wonderful artistic conception. With the author's sympathy and acacia for the death of Cui Zhou's two brothers and the poet's own loneliness, they deeply penetrated the reader's mind, aroused infinite imagination, and aroused deep sympathy and * * * sound for this lonely and sad but proud and persistent soul. The artistic appeal is extremely strong and very popular.

The first sentence is about the environment of Roche Pavilion. The pavilion is at the water's edge, and the pavilion sill is still at the water's edge. The pavilion is surrounded by bamboo docks, with high terrain and convenient berthing. The running water is clear, the bamboo is green and spotless. Special emphasis on "dust-free" is relative to "dust-free", suggesting that although it is on the roadside of a post station, it is "dust-free" because of the shelter of "bamboo dock", such as pavilions in the garden, and it is unnecessary to say "dust-free" at the same time, which is a metaphor for the noble character of Cui Rong, the father of Cui Shi brothers. Two sentences written in this quiet environment aroused the thoughts of Cui Shi and his son. Cui Zhou is Li Shangyin's cousin and the second son of Li's mentor and friend Cui Rong. Li Shangyin entered Cui Rong's curtain and became friends with Yong and Zhou. But less than a year later, Cui Rong died, Li Shangyin lost his support, failed in the second exam, and his future was bleak. He was alone, wandering between Zhengzhou and Luoyang, Huaizhou (now Qinyang), Mengzhou and Jiyuan. The name of the poem is written directly in the name of Cui Shi brothers, which shows that Cui Shi brothers have not yet entered the official position. "All the Way" and "All over the City" are far from the Cui Shi brothers. Cui Rong died in Yanzhou, and Li Shangyin returned to Beijing to pay homage to Chang 'an (1). Cui Shi brothers in Yanzhou or Chang 'an are separated from Huaizhou by a heavy city. "Heavy city" means that Qian Shan is blocked by thousands of waters. There is no need to study how heavy the city walls are or how heavy the mountains are. The first sentence of "autumn cloudy" is about the weather in autumn, and the next sentence is about the sound of autumn all night. Clouds in the autumn sky persist all day long, and the season of flying frost comes late. Withered lotus leaves make people listen to the sound of autumn rain beating lotus leaves at night! It is a worrying autumn wind and autumn rain, but it is ingenious. The words "keep dry and listen to the rain" have a long history, and the pain of missing friends and gnawing at the soul all night is shown to the extreme. But Li Shangyin doesn't just write about scenery. The poem reveals that Cui Rong was dead at that time, but he still lives in the hearts of Li Shangyin, Cui Shi brothers and Yanzhou people. Stay, brother Cui Shi, and the poet himself miss him deeply in the biting wind and rain, and can't sleep at night. However, although the lotus leaves are withered, they still have to listen to the rain on a cold night in late autumn! This, in turn, implies the persistence and detachment of the poet's life belief, and encourages the Cui Shi brothers.

This poem needs no canon, and it is easier to find a poetic solution. But where is the "Luo Pavilion" in the title? For many years, there was no definite conclusion, so we had to give up "Luoshiting was not a scenic spot at that time, and there was not enough in-depth investigation" (2). The two places mentioned by Zhu in Qing Dynasty: Chang 'an Luoshiki Hall and Wangtingcuo Luoshiking Pavilion, were easily denied because "a professional disciple who has the right to do good and an expert in seducing rebels" (3). It is obviously not a scientific attitude to talk about history because of people's preconceptions.

The Luo Chi Museum in Chang 'an said, "Yes, calligraphers, Li Jifu used it. After the code, the county has a name. A terrace was built outside Chunming Gate, and all the diners were celebrities. Lu shenzhou wrote a poem saying:' the land is like a fist stone, and there is a leaf boat crossing the stream.' That's Roche Pavilion. Critics believe that there must be pavilions in Luochi Pavilion, and the "heavy city" in the poem refers to the thick walls of Chang 'an. (4) It must be pointed out that the Rockfall Pavilion is a special place name, and there is no data to show that there is a pavilion called Rockfall Pavilion in the Rockfall Pavilion. How can a special place name be invented? According to the "pavilion", it is a building built on the roadside or in the garden for people to rest. The area is not large, and most of them only have roofs and no walls, so it is impossible to "live in". If "two Cui Fang officials are in the DPRK and one mountain stays here (5), they can only live in other places in the billiards hall, and the title should be" Living in the Rockfall Billiards Hall "instead of" Living in the Rockfall Pavilion ". In fact, at that time, neither Cui nor Shang Yin was an official in the DPRK. Shang Yin was down and out, traveling between Zheng, Luo, Huai, Meng and Ji, and soon went to Yuyang Mountain to learn Taoism, and went to Beijing to live in Roche billiards hall for no reason. As for "emphasizing the city", it is a general rhetorical device, such as "emphasizing mountains" and "emphasizing water", and there is no need to stick to how many mountains there are.

The Supplement to the Chronicle of the Tang Dynasty recorded in detail the Luo Pavilion built by Wang Ting in Hanoi. Wen said, "In March of the first year of Changqing, Wang Ting sent the river and Yang back, drowned and was trapped in the road with wine. Someone in Luoshan, Jiyuan said,' Be a scholar this autumn.' Now that we have come back, the sergeant was waiting for us when Tian was in trouble. Visiting Luoshan people is a gift of letters. Don't build a pavilion, just hang it on the couch when you go. It's called Luo Ting. "

What is described here is the story that Tang Chengde's military forces made Wang Ting assemble from Zhengding, Hebei Province, send him back to Heyang (now Mengzhou) and reach the river of Jishui (according to Hanshu Geography: Water Rescue). Drunk with wine, Luoshan, Jiyuan Banxian, Lu Yu. From Heyang to Zhengding, there were two post roads in the Tang Dynasty: one was from Heyang Post via Huaizhou to Wanshan Post (according to official records of Huaiqing: Qinhuai Second Post: Heyang and Wanshan), going north to Taihang, going north via Lu Ze, leaving Niangziguan and reaching Zhengding; One is from Heyang Post via Huaizhou to the east, then from Weihui to the north, and from Anyang to Zheng 'an. These two post roads must pass through Huaizhou, Jishui and Qinhe. In ancient times, Qinhe Bridge and Qinhe Crossing were located in the area from Ma Po Village to Wangqu Village in Qinyang City. The intersection of the post road to Qinhe Ferry and Jishui should be near Caiwan, Wang Zhan and Lu Nan villages in Qinyang City today. So the place where Wang Ting got together to "make the river return, make the water plummet, and get stuck in the road with wine" should also be here, even if the wine is stuck in the horse patrol, it won't be too far away. As for Luoshan people, there is no need to pay attention to whether they are "Luoshan" people or "mountain people" surnamed Luo. In short, he is a fortune teller, a tramp and a cosmopolitan. It is very likely that the traffic in this area will stop to make a living. Wang Ting did build a pavilion in this area, Luoting. This pavilion is bigger because it can be hung on the sofa. "Later Han Xu Zhichuan": "At that time, Chen Fan was a satrap ... he did not accept guests from the county; Only when you are young will you build a sofa. I will hang up when I go. " Li Shangyin's lodging, Luoguan, may be a temporary berth, a temporary stop on the way, not a "courtesy letter". This is the downfall of Li Shangyin. Only by lying like this can he have such a deep feeling about the bamboo dock, pavilion sill, water flow, withered lotus and wind and rain. "Huaiqing Fu Zhi Tu Jing Water Collection" contains: From Jiyuan, it flows eastward and reaches Qinyang directly. So is the so-called "save water and wear weapons". And along the current, it is the ancient post road from Jiyuan to Qinyang. That is, the "small official road" that is still living in the mouth of ordinary people. In ancient times, the water flowing through Qinyang was vast. According to "Tongzhi" records, you can sail: "the boat will be in the county, and the sea and land will be connected." On the banks of Jishui River, there are dense bamboo forests, with a bamboo pier on one side and a lake on the other. Today, more than 1000 years later, despite the war and logging, large areas of dense bamboo forests are still preserved in villages such as Caiwan, Wang Zhan and Lu Nan, and occasionally bamboo docks and lotus ponds can be seen, echoing the bamboo forests in the Xia Dan Valley of Taihang Mountain. For example, according to Meng Xianzhi Huo Yuan Yun Guan Monument, Lu Nan Village was originally named Guzhuyuan Village, which has been surrounded by bamboo forests since ancient times (6). The Yuan Dynasty was called Guzhuyuan Village, and it is speculated that there were bamboo forests in Tang and Song Dynasties. Up to now, there are more than ten acres of bamboo gardens in this village. The scene of 1000 years ago described by Li Shangyin in this poem is still faintly visible in Caiwan, Wang Zhan, Lu Nan and their neighboring villages. It was only a long time ago that those who "didn't build pavilions" were also traitors and traitors in feudal society, and pavilions and pavilions had long since ceased to exist. However, it wasn't long before Li Shangyin went to Wang Ting to build the Luo Pavilion. It happened in the first year of Tang Changqing, that is, AD 82 1 year. Li Shangyin moved into the Luo Pavilion around 835 AD, only ten years after it was built. At that time, Wang Ting made contributions to our work in Chengde (7), and the pavilion is still there. Li Shangyin often travels between Huai, Meng and Ji, and stays here. After 1000 years of landscape changes and vicissitudes, it is difficult to find its exact location, but the scenery described in the poem is still there. Luo Guan is probably in the village around Jishui. Of course, it does not rule out other places in the Jishui River Basin. But it won't be in Jiyuan, because Jiyuan goes north from Wugu No.1 Avenue to Zhengding, and even if there is a path to pass, it still needs a detour, which is not mentioned in the article. As for the name "Luoshan people in Jiyuan", it is even more obvious that it is not in Jiyuan: it is a conventional name in ancient Chinese. It is not directly related to the place where the incident occurred, but it shows that the incident did not occur in the party's hometown. If it happens in the place of origin, it is unnecessary to call it by its first name, plus the place of origin.

It should be noted that there is another ancient road in Jishui, Zhulong River, which is similar to the present Zhulong River. It flows through Qinyang from northwest to southeast, and the intersection with the ancient post road north of Heyang Post Station is also in Qinyang territory. However, the geographical environment and natural features here are not consistent with the description in the poem, and it is far from Qinhe Bridge and Qinhe Crossing where the ancient post road passes, and also far from the place where the Jiyuan fortune teller Luoshan people may stop. Of course, we do not rule out the changes in geographical environment and natural features, nor do we rule out the possibility that fortuneteller will meet on the way around the world. Even so, this meeting place is also in Qinyang, and the Luo Pavilion should also be in Qinyang. Li Shangyin's stay in the rockfall pavilion in Qinyang coincided with his activities at that time.

Based on this, it can be said that Lodging in the Snail Pavilion is a poem written by Li Shangyin before he became an official in Qinyang, and it is another famous poem describing the scenery of Qinyang and expressing his friendship after two Hanoi poems.