Historical event

During the Warring States Period, Qin Jun defeated Zhao in Changping. Tian Lei, the leader of Qin Jun, led the attack and surrounded Handan, the capital of Zhao. At present, Zhao's situation is very critical. The king of Zhao ordered Zhao Sheng to go to Chu to seek the help of soldiers. Ping Yuanjun called the public and selected 20 civil and military generalists to go with him. After selection, there is still one person missing at last. A man named stood up and recommended himself to Mao Sui, saying, "I heard that Mr. Wang is going to the State of Chu to sign a contract of union, and it is agreed that 20 public guests will go with him and not be outside to watch. One person is still missing. I hope that Teacher Wang will start from the number of people who have made up enough! " Ping Yuanjun said, "How many years has Mr. Zhao Sheng been here?" Mao Sui said, "Three years." Ping Yuanjun said, "A wise man in the world is like an awl in a bag, and its tip will be revealed immediately. Now, I have been under Zhao Shengmen for three years, and no one around me has praised you, and Zhao Sheng has never heard any compliments. This is because I have no talent. So Mr. Wang Can can't go, please stay! " Mao Sui said, "I only asked to enter the bag today. If I were in the bag, I would be like an awl, and the whole edge would be exposed, not just the tip. " Ping Yuanjun finally chose Mao Sui.

In the State of Chu, the King of Chu only received Ping Yuanjun. Two people sat in the temple, from morning to noon, with no result. Mao Sui stepped up the steps and shouted at a distance, "It's either good or bad to send troops. Simple and clear. Why not decide to discuss it? " The king of Chu was very angry and asked Ping Yuanjun, "Who is this man?" Ping Yuanjun replied: "This man's name is Mao Sui, but he is my guest!" The king of Chu shouted, "Get off the bus! I'm talking to your master. What are you doing here? " Seeing that the king of Chu was angry, Mao Sui did not step down, but went up several steps. He put the sword in his hand and said, "Now, in ten steps, your king's life is in my hands!" " Seeing that Mao Sui was so brave, the King of Chu stopped scolding him, so he listened to Mao Sui. Mao Sui made an incisive analysis of the truth of capture, assistance and Chu. Mao sui's words convinced the king of Chu and promised to send troops at once. A few days later, Chu, Wei and other countries jointly sent troops to help Zhao. Qin Jun retreated. After returning to Zhao, he became a national guest. He sighed and said, "When Mr. Mao arrived in Chu, the king of Chu dared not look down upon Zhao."

The idiom "self-recommendation" comes from this, which means to recommend yourself to do a certain job without being introduced by others.

Elegant songs are rarely sung ―― so elegant that few people can appreciate or understand them.

The higher the musical style explained by words; The fewer people can sing along. The original metaphor is that bosom friends are hard to find. Now it is often used to describe the elegance and profundity of words, deeds and works of art, so that few people understand or accept it.

The idiom "Ask the King of Chu" was compiled by Yu of Chu and Song during the Warring States Period.

King Chu asked Song Yu, "People often talk about you behind your back and are not satisfied with you. Is there something wrong with your behavior? You should review well! " Song Yu is very clever and eloquent. He replied, "There is a man singing in the city center. First of all, he sang a popular Song Like folk song "Chin Beauty". People are very familiar with it, and thousands of people sing along. Later, he sang songs with deep artistic conception, such as Yang A and Autumn Dew, and only a few hundred people could sing along. Later, he began to sing such profound songs as Chun Xue, leaving only a few dozen people to sing along. Finally, when he sang a tune composed of upper cavity, Henan cavity and Zheng cavity, people all walked away, leaving only two or three people who could understand it to sing along. It can be seen that the deeper the song, the fewer people will sing along. "

Retreat to avoid conflict

The idiom "Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong twenty-three years" came out: Zhong Er (Jin Wengong), the son of the Jin Dynasty, fled to Chu, and the king of Chu asked him how to repay himself in the future. Zhong Er said that if Chu Jin launched a war in the future, it would "stay out of it". After Chu Jin fought in Chengpu, Jin Wengong kept his promise and withdrew 90 miles.

After Jin Wengong acceded to the throne, he reorganized his internal affairs, developed production, and made the state of Jin more and more powerful. He also wants to be the overlord of the Central Plains like Qi Huangong.

At this time, it happened that Xiang Wang, the son of Zhou Dynasty, sent someone for help. King Xiang of Zhou had a half-brother, Dai, who joined forces with some ministers to borrow soldiers from the state of Zhou and seize the throne. King Xiang of Zhou fled to Zheng with dozens of followers. He issued an order asking the governors of various countries to escort him back to Luoyi. Some governors of various countries sent people to mourn the Emperor of Heaven, and some sent food, but no one was willing to send troops to fight Tijen.

Someone said to King Xiang of Zhou: "Among the princes now, only Qin Jin has the power to repel, and the others may be useless." King Xiang sent an envoy to ask Jin Wengong to escort him back to North Korea.

Jin Wengong immediately sent troops eastward, defeated Tijen, killed Shu Tai and his gang, and escorted the Emperor back to Beijing.

Two years later, Song Chenggong, his son, came to ask for help, saying that Chu had sent a general to lead the military forces of Chu, Chen, Cai, Zheng and Xu to attack Song. Ministers all said: "Chu always bullies the princes of the Central Plains, and it is time for Master your to help countries in trouble and establish a hegemony."

Jin Wengong knew long ago that if he wanted to be the overlord of the Central Plains, he had to defeat Chu. He expanded his team and formed three armies to save Song.

In 632 BC, the Jin army captured two small countries, Cao Guo and Guo Wei, and captured their monarchs. King Chu Cheng didn't want to go to war with Jin Wengong. When he heard that Jin was going to send troops, he immediately sent someone to order Cheng to withdraw. However, Cheng thought it would be taken down sooner or later, and refused to give up halfway. He sent a Ministry to say to King Chu Cheng, "Although I dare not say that I will win the battle, I will fight to the death."

King Chu Cheng was very unhappy and only sent a small number of troops under the command of a minister.

Cheng first sent someone to inform the Jin, asking them to release Wang Wei and Cao Wang. Jin Wengong secretly informed the monarchs of these two countries that he promised to restore their throne, but asked them to break diplomatic relations with Chu first. Cao and Wei did as expected.

I wanted to save these two countries, but they broke up with Chu first. At this, his feet jumped with anger. He shouted, "This is obviously done by an old thief like Zhong Er." He immediately ordered the whole army to run to the place where the Jin army was stationed.

As soon as Chu Jun entered, Jin Wengong immediately ordered the retreat. Some soldiers in the Jin army can't leave it at that, saying, "Our commander-in-chief is the monarch and the other is the courtiers. How can a monarch make his courtiers reason? "

Hu Yan explained: "Fighting depends on one reason. Only with confidence can we be strong. At the beginning, the king of Chu once helped the tetrarch, and the tetrarch promised in front of the king of Chu that if the two countries went to war, Jin would rather stay away. Today's retreat is to fulfill this promise. If we lose confidence in Chu, then we are wrong. We have withdrawn our troops. If they don't stop and advance step by step, that is, they have lost their minds, and it is not too late for us to hit them again. "

Jin Jun retreated 90 miles in one breath and arrived in Chengpu (now southwest of Juancheng, Shandong Province) before stopping to arrange the battle.

Some generals in Chu saw the retreat of the Jin army and wanted to stop the attack. However, Cheng refused, and pursued Chengpu step by step, away from 8 Jin Army.

Cheng also sent someone to challenge, and the wording was very arrogant. Jin Wengong also sent a reply: "We never dared to forget your kindness, so we gave in here. Now you don't understand, you will have to compete on the battlefield. "

The war has begun. After only one battle, General Jin used two flags to command the troops to retreat. They are still dragging the cut branches behind the chariot. When the chariot retreats, waves of dust are raised underground, showing a very embarrassing appearance.

Cheng has always been arrogant and does not take Jin people seriously. He caught up with him regardless of the front and back, right in the middle of the ambush of 8 Jin Army. The elite of the Jin army rushed over and cut off Cheng's army. It turned out that the defeated Jin army turned around and attacked before and after, killing the Chu army to pieces.

Jin Wengong hurriedly ordered that the soldiers just drive Chu Jun away and stop chasing him. Cheng returned halfway with defeated troops and down archers, feeling unable to explain to King Chu Cheng, and committed suicide.

The Jin army occupied Chu camp. After eating the food abandoned by the Chu army for three days, he returned home in triumph.

The news that Jin defeated Chu spread to Luoyi, the capital of Zhou Dynasty, and King Xiang of Zhou and his ministers thought that they had made great contributions. King Xiang of Zhou also personally visited Jiantu (now southwest of Yuanyang, Jinan, Yin Jian) to express his condolences to the Jin army. Jin Wengong took this opportunity to build a new palace for the emperor under construction, and made an appointment with the governors of various countries to hold a meeting and conclude a covenant. In this way, Jin Wengong became the overlord of the Central Plains.

There is a dagger hidden behind the smile ―― there is an intention to kill behind the smile.

Hide the knife in the smile, originally refers to the practice of "calling your brother in your mouth and touching the guy in your hand". Militarily, this plan is to deceive and paralyze each other with political and diplomatic camouflage to cover up their military actions. This is a seemingly friendly strategy, but in fact it hides mystery.

During the Warring States period, in order to expand to the outside world, the State of Qin had to seize the mountainous area of the Yellow River, where the terrain was dangerous, and sent Gongsun Yang as the general to attack the State of Wei. Gong Sunyang's army arrived in Wucheng, Wei. This Wucheng used to be the place where Wu Qi, a famous Wei, worked hard. The terrain is dangerous and the fortifications are strong, so it is difficult to attack directly. Sun An pondered the plan of attacking the city. When he learned that Wei Shoujiang was his son, he was overjoyed. He immediately wrote a letter and took the initiative to befriend his son, saying that although we are both masters now, considering our past friendship, it is better for the two countries to call a truce and make peace. Homesickness is beyond words. He also suggested making appointments for talks and major events. After the letter was sent, GongSunYang took the initiative to withdraw and ordered the striker to retreat immediately. Childe line read the letter, see Qin Jun withdrawing troops, very happy, immediately reply agreed on the date of the negotiations. See GongSunYang childe line has got into the trap, secretly set an ambush in the venue. On the day of the meeting, Gongzi Xing took 300 followers to the appointed place. Seeing that GongSunYang's entourage was few and unarmed, he believed each other's sincerity even more. The atmosphere of the talks was very harmonious, and the two men rekindled their old feelings and expressed their sincerity in making good friends. Sun An also held a banquet for his son. He hasn't been seated, childe Xing Hang rushed to the crowd. Suddenly, he heard a call and an ambush came from all directions. Childe Xing Hang and his 300 followers didn't respond, and they were all captured. Gongsunyang used his captured followers to trick Wu Cheng into opening the city gate and occupying Wu Cheng. Wei had to cede the Xihe area and make peace with Qin. Qin used GongSunYang's smile to hide the sword.

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

Interview with Mao Lu tells the story of Liu Bei's sincere visit to Zhuge Liang three times at the end of Han Dynasty. Since then, it has become a much-told story, gradually becoming an allusion, and it contains "The History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Zhi, Zhuge Liang Chuan, One Model". Now it is often used to express sincerity and repeatedly invite and visit sages with expertise.

The yellow turban insurrectionary uprising at the end of Han Dynasty caused great chaos in the world. Cao Cao sat in the imperial court, and Sun Quan supported Dongwu. Liu Bei, the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty, heard from Xu Shu and Si Mahui that Zhuge Liang was very knowledgeable and talented, so he came to Wolong (now in the west of Nanyang, Henan Province, and southwest of Xiangyang, Hubei Province) with gifts, and asked Zhuge Liang to come out to help. It happened that Zhuge Liang went out that day, and Liu Bei had to go home disappointed. Soon, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the snowstorm and invited them for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a walk again. Zhang Fei doesn't want to come again. Seeing that Zhuge Liang was not at home, he urged him to go back. Liu Bei had to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to come out of the mountain to help him save the country's crisis. After a while, after eating vegetarian food for three days, Liu Bei was ready to invite Zhuge Liang again. Guan Yu said that Zhuge Liang may exist in name only, but he may not have real talent and learning, so there is no need to go. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, advocated that he should make a phone call alone and tie it up with a rope when he didn't come. Liu Bei scolded Zhang Fei and invited Zhuge Liang for the third time. When they arrived at Zhuge Liang's home, it was already noon and Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei dare not disturb him. He stood until Zhuge Liang woke up and sat down to talk to each other.

Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was interested in doing things for the country and sincerely asked him for help, so he came out to help Liu Bei establish the Han Shu Dynasty.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms called Liu Bei's three invitations to Zhuge Liang "three visits to the cottage". Zhuge Liang also said in the famous "Teacher's List" that "the first emperor had no intention of being a minister, but he was self-defeating and took care of his ministers in the grass." Later, the world saw someone go to that person's home several times in a row to invite someone they admired to come out to help, so they quoted this sentence to describe their desire and sincere mood. That is to say, I am not ashamed to ask questions, and I am open-minded to seek talents. In the 12th year of Jian 'an (2007), when Zhuge Liang was 27 years old, Liu Bei visited the Caotang in Longzhong, Nanyang, and met with Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang brilliantly analyzed the situation at that time, and put forward a grand blueprint for unifying the country's strategic thinking by first seizing Jing and Yi as a base, reforming politics at home, uniting Sun Quan with Yue and Zhu Rong in the south, and waiting for an opportunity to send troops to the Northern Expedition.

Agree on the three-point rule-formulate rules that all parties concerned should abide by.

Sima Qian of Han Dynasty's Biography of Historical Records and Gaozu: "Meet with the elders and make three chapters; The murderer died, hurting people and stealing things. " The latter refers to simple terms made for compliance.

In 206 BC, Liu Bang led a great army into Guanzhong, and reached the dam only a few tens of miles away from Xianyang, Qin Dou. Zi Ying surrendered to Liu Bang after only 46 days as the king of Qin. After Liu Bang entered Xianyang, he wanted to live in a luxurious palace, but his heart Fan Kuai and Sean warned him not to do so, lest he lose the hearts of the people. Liu bang accepted their suggestion and ordered the palace to be closed, leaving several soldiers to protect the palace and the warehouse with a lot of treasures, and then returned to the army. In order to win the hearts of the people, Liu Bangguan summoned the elders and heroes of all counties and solemnly announced to them: "Qin's harsh laws have harmed many people and should be completely abolished. Now I agree with you. No matter who you are, you must abide by three laws. These three rules are: the murderer should be put to death, the injured should make amends, and the thief should be convicted! " Both elders and heroes expressed their support for the three chapters of the Covenant. Then, Liu Bang sent a large number of troops to various counties and townships to publicize the three chapters of the contract. Hearing this, the people enthusiastically took cattle, sheep, wine and grain to support Liu Bang's army. Due to the firm implementation of the three chapters of the Covenant, Liu Bang won the trust, support and support of the people, and finally won the world and established the Western Han Dynasty. -Source "Biography of Historical Records and High-impedance"

In October of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 BC), Pei Gong's army arrived in Bashang first among all the governors. Zi Ying, the king of Qin, drove a white car and a white horse, strangled his neck with a silk rope, sealed the emperor's decree and surrendered beside the Zhi (Paper) Road. Some generals said that the king of Qin should be killed. Pei Gong said: "Chu Huaiwang sent me to tackle key problems. I thought I could be generous and tolerant." Besides, it is unlucky to kill people after they surrender. "So he handed the king of Qin to the competent officials, and then went west into Chengyang. Pei Gong wanted to stay in Qin Gong and have a rest, but Fan Kuai and Sean dissuaded him. This just ordered the Qin Gong's property sealed, and then go back to be stationed on the bully. Pei Gong summoned elders and talented and prestigious people from all counties and said to them, "The elders have been tortured by the cruel laws of the Qin Dynasty for a long time. Those who criticize the gains and losses of state affairs will be extinct, and those who get together to discuss will be sentenced to death. I agreed with the governors that whoever enters the customs first will be king here, so I should be the king of Guanzhong. Now I have reached an agreement with my elders that there are only three laws: the murderer is sentenced to death, and the wounded and robbers are punished according to law. Other laws of the Qin Dynasty were abolished. All officials and people live and work in peace and contentment as usual. In a word, I'm here to kill pests for my elders, and I won't harm you. Please don't be afraid! Besides, I quit my army to fight for hegemony because I want to wait for the arrival of various princes and formulate a law. " Then he sent people to visit counties, towns and villages with officials of the Qin Dynasty. Explain the situation to the people. The people of the state of Qin were very happy and rushed to send cattle, sheep, wine and food to comfort the soldiers. Pei Gong refused to accept it and said, "There is a lot of food in the warehouse, and there is no shortage. I don't want everyone to spend money. " People are more happy, lest Pei Gong is not the king of Qin in Guanzhong.