What medicine does Boer goat take best in spring?

Parasitic disease of sheep is one of the most common and serious diseases in sheep industry. People suffering from sheep are weak and emaciated, their growth and development are hindered, their fertility and production performance are reduced, and in severe cases, a large number of deaths can be caused. It brings extremely serious losses to the whole production. Therefore, for sheep farms, reasonable feeding management, strengthening the inspection of sheep and regular deworming treatment are the fundamental measures to effectively prevent and control parasitic diseases. Combined with the actual situation of this sheep farm, the commonly used insect repellent methods are oral therapy, medicated bath and spraying. The former is used to repel parasites in vivo, while the latter is mainly used to repel parasites in vitro, as well as intramuscular injection or subcutaneous injection of drugs to repel parasites. Combined with clinical practice, the most common parasitic diseases in sheep farms are filariasis and lice, while other parasitic diseases are rare. The most common parasitic diseases (for sheep) are described as follows. Fasciola hepatica is caused by Fasciola hepatica being born in the bile duct and liver of sheep. A disease characterized by listlessness, loss of appetite, diarrhea, anemia, emaciation and edema. Popular in summer and autumn, it is harmful. Symptoms: Acute type is acute hepatitis. Sick sheep have high body temperature, fatigue, loss of appetite, diarrhea, anemia, and sometimes die quickly. Chronic type is the most common, with thin body, dull hair and easy to break; Edema of jaw, chest and abdomen; The hind legs are soft and easy to lie down, the mother's goat's milk is sweaty, and pregnant sheep often miscarry; The conjunctiva and oral mucosa are pale. In severe cases, the liver was seriously injured, and bleeding flowed into the abdominal cavity, leading to abdominal blood disease and death. Treatment: (1) carbon tetrachloride is mixed with liquid paraffin in equal amount, and after shaking, 3-4ml adult sheep and 1-2ml lamb are injected intramuscularly each time. (2) Thio-dichlorophenol, 0 per kilogram of body weight. 1 - 0。 15g, starch suspension, once taken. (3) oral nitrochlorophenol, 4-5 mg per kilogram of body weight. (4) Liver essence (5% suspension), per kg 10mg, taken orally. Prevention: (1) Avoid grazing in damp or marshy areas, and don't let sheep drink stagnant water with potholes. (2) Preventive deworming shall be conducted once a year in spring and autumn. (3) Copper sulfate or quicklime kills ticks. (4) Take good care of sheep manure and ferment it to kill eggs. Pulmonary filariasis is a disease characterized by paroxysmal cough, sticky nose and dyspnea caused by pulmonary filariasis parasitic in the lungs and bronchi of sheep. Both sheep and goats can happen. Symptoms: Generally, sheep begin to show symptoms one month after infection. Mild cough, especially when herding sheep for rest at night; In severe cases, breathing is hard, coughing is frequent and severe, and the nose is sticky; Sick sheep have poor appetite, rough fur, listlessness and gradually lose weight. Generally speaking, their body temperature has not changed. When they are infected with other diseases (pneumonia), their body temperature is as high as 40-42℃, anemia, edema of head, chest and limbs, and finally they die of pneumonia or severe emaciation. Treatment: (1) Tetraimidazole hydrochloride, 1 kg body weight 1.5 ng, 2% aqueous solution, once administered. (2) Mangiferin (5 ng/kg body weight) is administered once. (3) Levamisole, 8ng per kilogram of body weight, once orally. (4) albendazole, 65,438+0.5 ng per kilogram of body weight, once orally. Prevention: (1) deworming twice a year, and the best drugs are levamisole and albendazole. (2) Strengthen the management of sheep feeding, drink clean water, and don't drink stagnant water in the pond. Angiostrongylus cantonensis is prevalent in the vast pastoral areas of northwest China, Inner Mongolia and northeast China, which has brought serious losses to the sheep industry. Trichinella nematodes include Haemophilus contortus, Spinibarbus digitorum, Ostenta nematodes, Marshall nematodes and other parasites, as well as Trichinella spiralis, Cupressaceae, Lepidoptera and Lepidoptera parasitic in the fourth stomach, which are often caused by mixed infection, among which Haemophilus contortus and Spinibarbus digitorum are the most pathogenic. Insect characteristics and life history II. Insect characteristics (1) Haemophilus contortus (also known as Gastrodia elata): parasitic in the fourth stomach of sheep, goats, cattle, camels, reindeer and many wild ruminants, sometimes found in the small intestine. The insect body is hairy, and the female body is 27-30 mm long. The blood stained intestine of reproductive organs is twisted, and the eyes can be red or white. The vulva is located in the second half of the worm and is obviously covered by the vulva. The male is 15- 19mm long, reddish, with a well-developed mating umbrella at the end, small back leaves, leaning to the left, and herringbone back edges. (2) Echinococcus (also known as Gastrodia elata): parasitic in the fourth stomach of cattle and sheep, sometimes found in the small intestine. The female worm is 30-45 mm long, and the vulva is located near the anus. Male worms are 30 -45 mm long. The dorsal leaves are symmetrical and the intersecting spines are slender. 3. Life history The life history of Trichinella spiralis nematodes is similar, and they all develop directly. Eggs are excreted with feces. Under suitable conditions, the larvae hatch within day and night, about 1 week, and develop into infectious larvae after molting twice. Infectious worms of Trichophyton have the habit of crawling on wet grass leaves, and are prone to weak light and have the characteristics of enhanced vitality when exposed to warm. Cattle and sheep infections mainly occur in warm seasons. When the sun is weak in the morning and evening, it is infected by eating grass and drinking water; After the larvae enter the host, they develop into adults after 2-3 weeks. Diagnostic points: 1. Clinical features Acute cases are rare, mostly occurring in fat lambs. Usually manifested as sudden and rapid development of progressive anemia. Chronic cases are common, mainly anemia and digestive system disorder. Sick animals have rough fur, emaciation, listlessness, pale mucosa, edema of jaw space and lower body, constipation of herds when grazing, mucus in feces and rare diarrhea. Finally died of extreme weakness. 2. Diagnostic basis: Because the symptoms of this disease are not specific, and the eggs of Angiostrongylus cantonensis are oval, colorless, and the eggshells are thin, and the eggs in fresh feces contain more egg cells, which is difficult to distinguish morphologically, the diagnosis of this disease should be based on the local epidemic situation, symptoms of sick sheep and autopsy results of dead or sick sheep. Prevention and control 1. According to the local epidemic situation and the situation of the whole flock of sheep, preventive deworming is carried out. Generally in spring and autumn 1 time. In winter, high-efficiency insect repellent is used to drive away the dormant larvae in the mucosa and eliminate the ovulation climax in spring. When changing pasture, you can choose the following drugs to repel insects: (1) levamisole: the dose is 8mg/kg? b？ W can be mixed into feed. (2) thiabendazole: 5- 10mg/kg? b？ W is mixed with feed or 10% suspension. (3) mebendazole: 10- 15mg/kg? b？ W 1 oral. (4) ivermectin: 200 ug/kg? b？ W subcutaneous injection. [Ivermectin has a good effect on gastrointestinal nematodes and lung nematodes, as well as flies, maggots, mites and ectoparasites. [2] Drug prevention: In severe epidemic areas, it is necessary to mix diphenylamine sulfide with concentrate or salt and lick it for 2-3 months, which has a good preventive effect. 3. Strengthen management: try to avoid wet grassland and grazing when larvae are active. Establish clean drinking water points, reasonably supplement concentrate and inorganic salts, comprehensively plan grassland, rotate grazing in different regions in a planned way, and transfer grassland in time. Esophageal nematodiasis is caused by the parasitism of adults and larvae of various esophageal nematodes on the intestinal cavity and wall. Some larvae can form nodules on the intestinal wall, so it is also called sarcoidosis. Pathogen: Esophageal nematodes are mainly parasitic in the large intestine of cattle and sheep, and sometimes found in the end of small intestine and cecum. The insect body is milky white and stout, and its size is 12-22mm. The life history of esophageal nematodes is similar to that of Angiostrongylus. Epidemic characteristics: The infection rate is the highest in spring and autumn. Especially in the early morning, after rain and foggy days, it is easy to get infected. Host infection is caused by ingestion of grass and drinking water contaminated by infectious larvae. Symptoms and pathological changes: mild infection does not show symptoms. When seriously infected, it causes lamb to have persistent diarrhea, with dark green feces containing a lot of mucus and sometimes blood. The sick sheep hunched over, stiff hind legs, abdominal pain, stunted growth and development, and finally collapsed and died. Autopsy found that there were many nodules on the wall of the large intestine, with a diameter of 2- 10 mm and light green pus. The knife was connected with the intestinal cavity, causing ulcerative and purulent enteritis. Insects can be found in the new area. Diagnosis and control: Please refer to Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Hookworm disease is widespread, and adult blood sucking is very harmful to cattle and sheep. Because the front end of the worm is slightly bent backward, such as a small hook, it is also called hookworm, and the disease caused by it is called hookworm. Pathogen: 1. Sheep-mouth nematodes are parasitic in the small intestine of goats and sheep, with a length of 12-26 mm ... milky white and reddish after blood absorption. The front end of the worm is slightly bent backward, and the mouth sac is large and slightly funnel-shaped. There are a pair of horny half-moon cutting plates in the mouth and abdomen, and there is a big back tooth and two lower abdomen teeth at the bottom of the mouth sac. The back leaves of male umbrellas are asymmetrical. The female vulva is slightly in front of the middle of the worm. 2. The cattle hookworm is parasitic in the small intestine of cattle, and its appearance is similar to that of sheep hookworm, with a body length of 10-28 mm and two pairs of subabdominal teeth at the bottom of the oral sac. The combined thorn of male coke is much longer than that of sheep. The life history of Trichophyton sinensis is similar to that of Trichophyton sinensis, except that the larvae infect cattle and sheep, and the infection route is not only through the mouth but also through the skin. Infectious larvae are infected through the skin, flow to the lungs with blood, then migrate to the bronchi and trachea, swallow with mucus, and develop into adults in the small intestine. Epidemic characteristics: It mostly occurs in places with warm climate, wet ground, small grassland area and crowded livestock. Diagnostic points: 1. Clinical features: progressive anemia, emaciation, mandibular edema, diarrhea, black loose stool, weight loss, and finally died of cachexia. 2. Characteristics of laboratory examination and pathological autopsy: Eggs in feces can be examined by saturated saline floating method, but eggs are difficult to distinguish from other nematodes in morphology, so the diagnosis of this disease is mainly based on pathological autopsy: there are ascaris in duodenum and jejunum, inflammation in mucosa, bleeding spots and small bite marks. Prevention and control: refer to the ascariasis of cattle and wool. Flagellates, also known as whipworms, are called whipworms because of the hair on the front end of the worm. Also, because the whole worm looks like a sheep whip, it is called a whipworm. Worldwide distribution, reported in all parts of China, mainly harms young animals, and even leads to death. Pathogen: Trichophyton parasitizes the cecum of cattle and sheep and occasionally the colon. The insect body is milky white, the front part is esophagus, which is slender, and the inside is composed of a string of single cells. Behind it is the body, which is very thick and contains intestines and reproductive organs. The male worm is 40-80 mm long and the end is curled; Female worms are 35-70 mm old, and the common species that parasitize cattle and sheep are Trichophyton Mao Mao and Trichophyton globosa. Eggs are excreted with feces and develop into infectious eggs, which infect the host through the mouth. Larvae hatch in the back of small intestine and drill into intestinal villi for development. Every 8 days, it migrates to the cecum and colon, fixes on the intestinal mucosa and develops into an adult. The life span of an adult is 4-5 months. Epidemic characteristics: young animals are infected all year round, but the infection rate is high in summer and symptoms appear in autumn and winter. Diagnostic points: 1. Clinical symptoms: Mild infection is asymptomatic, and severe infection (there may be thousands of worms) can lead to diarrhea, anemia, emaciation, mucus and blood in feces, loss of appetite, developmental disorders and other symptoms, and even death. 2. Laboratory examination: the eggs in feces were detected by saturated saline collection method for diagnosis. Eggs are yellow-brown, waist-drum-shaped, with plug-like structures at both ends, thick and smooth shells, containing undeveloped eggs and embryos. Prevention and control: refer to the ascariasis of cattle and wool. You can also choose the following insect repellent. (1) Benzopyrimidine (hydroxypyrimidine), a specific drug for expelling Trichinella spiralis, with an oral dose of 2-4 mg/kg body weight. (2) Trichlorfon: 50-70 mg/kg body weight for goats; Sheep 80 mg/kg body weight once orally. Ixodes is a kind of parasite parasitic on the surface of domestic animals, which is widely distributed and has a wide range of hosts, which is extremely harmful to human and animal health. Its larvae and adults are often parasitic on the surface of rodents, and adults are mostly parasitic on the surface of domestic animals and wild animals. Pathogen: Ixodes are oval and brown, and sesame seeds are as big as rice grains. Female ticks swell to the size of castor seeds after being full of blood. Adults have four pairs of feet and larvae have three pairs of feet. Incomplete abnormal development. Epidemic characteristics: Ixodes have obvious seasonality, mostly in warm season, because they are looking for a host to suck blood. Most species live in the wild, and a few live in or around barns. Most of them are parasitic on the soft and thin parts of the host's skin, with little hair. They suck blood for a long time and generally do not leave the host. Have the ability to spend the winter and endure hunger. Danger: bite the skin when sucking blood, causing inflammation, emaciation, anemia or tick paralysis of livestock. Excessive parasitism in speech makes sick animals fail. People can spread many serious blood protozoonosis of livestock, important natural focus diseases and zoonosis. Prevention and control: Take comprehensive prevention and control measures according to local conditions, manually catch or use pesticides, such as using 20-50ng deltamethrin (beta) 250ng= 50-250mg acetaminophen (seypidin) and 25 0-500ng amitraz per kilogram of body weight, spraying, medicated bath or washing to kill ticks on livestock, or injecting ivermectin subcutaneously. Strengthen the elimination of ticks in livestock houses and external environment, and try to avoid grazing by ticks or using tick repellent. Sheep rhinomyiasis is a common ectoparasitic disease caused by the larvae of sheep rhinomyiasis parasitizing the nasal cavity and frontal sinus of sheep. This disease mainly harms sheep. Symptoms: the main manifestations are shaking your head unsteadily and often wiping your nose on the ground. Chronic runny nose is caused by the irritation of larvae to nasal mucosa. In severe cases, induration is formed around the nostrils, breathing is difficult, sneezing is frequent, and sometimes brown maggots flow out with nasal mucus. Treatment: (1) trichlorfon, 0. 1 g per kilogram of body weight, injected with 5% solution subcutaneously in the neck. (2) Spray 3% Lysol solution into the nasal cavity of sheep, inject 20-30ml (3) 30g Stemona into each nostril, add 500ml of water and fry to 250ml. Take 30ml of liquid each time and inject it into the nasal cavity of sheep with a needle-free syringe twice a day. Prevention: (1) During the adult fly attack season, each sheep should apply 1.5% refined trichlorfon ointment. (2) dichlorvos fumigation: choose a sealed small fence to drive the sheep in, and pour the liquid medicine into the red-hot iron pot once per cubic meter 1ml (3) for about 15min. Sheep scabies, also known as acariasis, is a chronic contact infectious disease caused by the invasion of mites (scabies and itchy mites). Highly contagious, it often causes serious infection of sheep in a short time, which is very harmful. Symptoms: Sheep are itchy and restless, often scratching with their mouths or on walls and pillars, causing skin damage, inflammation, redness and blisters, and then blisters burst, yellow water flows out and scabs form. The skin becomes very thick. The rough surface loses its elasticity, forming cracks and folds, depilation due to damaged hair follicles, loss of appetite, emaciation and even death. Handling: (1) Use 0. 02% - 0。 03% amitraz water should be used. Be careful not to put the medicine on the mouth and eyes of the sheep to prevent them from licking with their tongues to avoid poisoning. (2) Wipe the affected area with the mixed solution of trichlorfon and misoprostol. The concentration of trichlorfon in the liquid medicine is 1%-2%, and the concentration of misoprostol is 2%-3%. (3) The following medicated baths can be used: 0. 025% - 0。 03% Lindane EC 0. 05% coumaphos emulsion aqueous solution, 0. 5- 1% trichlorfon aqueous solution, 0. 05% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, stone sulfur mixture, etc. Prevention: (1) Strengthen quarantine work, and the newly introduced sheep should be isolated and inspected before breeding. (2) The fence should be kept clean, dry, ventilated and transparent, and disinfected regularly. (3) Regular medicated bath.