What are the 24 solar terms in China?

The spring rain shakes the spring and the valley days, and the summer is full of mountains and summers.

Autumn dew, autumn frost, little snow in winter and cold in winter.

[Edit this paragraph] 24 solar terms

Beginning of spring: February 4th-5th is the solar term that begins in spring.

Rain: February1August-20 Winter comes and spring comes, the temperature starts to rise, and the air humidity keeps increasing, but the cold air activity is still very frequent.

Sting: March 5th (6th) refers to the winter when hibernating organisms in hibernating soil start to move. It was cold and warm before and after the shock, and the temperature and wind changed greatly.

Vernal equinox: On March 20th (or 2 1) every year, the sun shines directly on the equator, and day and night are almost equal. Overwintering crops in vast areas of China will enter the spring growth stage.

Qingming: Around April 5 every year, the temperature rises and the weather gets warmer.

Grain Rain: Around April 20th, the rainfall increased, which was beneficial to grain growth.

Long summer: "Long summer" on May 5th or 6th. Everything grows and prospers.

Xiaoman: May 20th or 2 1 called Xiaoman. Summer crops such as wheat are full at this time, but not mature.

Ear seed: around June 6, when the sun moves to 75 degrees of the yellow meridian. Crops with awns, such as wheat, are mature enough to collect seeds.

Summer Solstice: Around June 22nd, the sun shone directly on the Tropic of Cancer, and "the sun arrived in the north, the days were long and the shadows were short", so it was called "summer Solstice".

Slight summer heat: Around July 7, it entered a hot summer, which marked that most parts of China entered a high temperature season.

Summer heat: About the 23rd, just around midsummer. This period is the hottest period in a year in China's vast areas, but there are also abnormal years, "summer is not hot" and there is more rain.

Beginning of autumn: On August 7th or 8th, the vegetation begins to bear fruit, which is the harvest season.

Summer: August 23 or 24, "going out" means ending. When the summer heat draws to a close, the weather will get cool. As it is autumn harvest, precipitation is very precious.

The Millennium: Around September 8, the temperature dropped rapidly and the weather was cool because the direct point of the sun moved southward obviously. Water vapor close to the ground at night forms white dew on vegetation, hence the name "white dew".

Autumnal Equinox: Around September 22nd, the point of direct sunlight returns to the equator, forming equal length of day and night.

Cold dew: around 65438+1October 8. At this time, the direct point of the sun continues to move southward, the temperature in the northern hemisphere continues to drop, the weather is colder, and the dew has a strong chill, hence the name "cold dew wind".

First frost: 10 is "cold dew" around June 23rd, and the first frost period in the Yellow River basin is generally in the late June of 10, which coincides with the "first frost" solar term. Frost is very harmful to growing crops.

Beginning of winter: Every year165438+1around October 7th.

Xiaoxue:165438+1October 22nd is the "Xiaoxue" solar term. The influence of cold air in the north is enhanced, the temperature drops rapidly, and snowflakes appear in precipitation. However, this is the first snow stage, with less snow and fewer times. Most of the Yellow River Basin snows after the "light snow" solar term.

Heavy snow: around 65438+February 7. At this time, the direct point of the sun is close to the tropic of Capricorn, and the days in the northern hemisphere are short and the nights are long.

Winter solstice: around 65438+February 22, the sun almost points directly to the Tropic of Capricorn, and to the south of the day, a long shadow is formed in the northern hemisphere, making it the shortest day in a year. After the winter solstice, the days in the northern hemisphere became longer and the temperature continued to drop, entering the "March 9" with the lowest annual temperature.

Slight cold: around 65438+10.5, the climate began to get cold.

Great cold: 65438+1around October 20th, the coldest time of the year.

[Edit this paragraph] The origin of the twenty-four solar terms

Twenty-four solar terms originated in the Yellow River Basin. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, four solar terms were set, namely, mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter. After continuous improvement and perfection, by the Qin and Han Dynasties, the 24 solar terms had been completely established. In BC 104, the taichu calendar written by Deng Ping officially set 24 solar terms in the calendar, and defined the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms.

The time when the sun runs along the longitude of the Yellow River from zero 15 degrees is called "a solar term". It runs 360 degrees every year, and * * * experiences 24 solar terms, twice a month. Among them, the first solar term of each month is "solar term", that is, beginning of spring, Jingzhe, Qingming, Changxia, Mangzhong, Xiaoshu, beginning of autumn, Bailu, Hanlu, beginning of winter, Heavy Snow, Xiaohan, etc. 12 solar terms; The second solar term of each month is "Zhongqi", that is, there are 12 solar terms such as rain, vernal equinox, Grain Rain, Xiaoman, summer solstice, great heat, intense heat, autumnal equinox, first frost, light snow, winter solstice and great cold. "Solar term" and "neutral qi" appear alternately, each lasting 15 days. Now people have called "solar terms" and "neutral gas" solar terms.

Twenty-four solar terms reflect the apparent movement of the sun in one year, so the dates of solar terms are basically fixed in the current Gregorian calendar, with the first half of the year being 6 days and 2 1, and the second half being 8 days and 23 days, with a difference of 1 ~ 2 days. [ 1]

[Edit this paragraph] Other related solar terms in Song Dynasty

( 1)

The spring rain shocks the spring and the valley, and the summer is full of mountains and summer heat.

There are dewdrops in autumn, first frost in cold, light snow in winter and cold in winter.

Two festivals in a month remain the same, with a difference of one or two days at most.

The first half of the year is 62 1, and the second half is 823.

(2)

Plum blossoms in the West Garden are released in beginning of spring first, and Yunzhen is covered by light and rain.

At the beginning of fright, carp jumped into the river, and butterflies blossomed in the spring equinox.

Flying kites in Qingming Festival is good, and sericulture in Grain Rain West Chamber is also suitable.

Peony grows in summer and flowers are scattered, and Hosta is in front of the court.

On the other side of the stream, mangoes grow with fishermen's music, and farmland cultivates the summer solstice.

In summer, put on a white shirt, watch the wind in the river, and sleep in summer.

Sunflowers bloom in early autumn, and cicadas listen in the west wing of summer.

The jade garden is stained with white dew, and the laurel tree is folded at the autumnal equinox.

The cold dew on the dry mountain startled the swan goose, and the first frost appeared in Lu Hua's Polygonum Beach.

Beginning of winter drinks Kirin Pavilion and Xiaoxue embroidered poems.

Deep snow warms the red stove, and pipa is lazy to play the winter solstice.

Xiao Han lies high in Handan dream, holding snow floating in the air to get cold.

(3)

The plum blossoms in the early spring are particularly bright, and the apricot blossoms after the rain are particularly fresh;

Lulin thunder, butterfly dance between flowers at the vernal equinox.

Qingming kite broken, Grain Rain tender tea jade companion,

Mulberry fruits are like cherries in the long summer, and silkworms are cultivated in the small man.

Before mango seedlings enter the palace, the summer solstice rice and flowers are like white practice;

Summer breeze urges early-maturing beans, and Chi Pan enjoys red lotus in hot summer.

Beginning of autumn knows how to make people fall asleep, and sunflowers smile in summer.

The white dew returns to the geese, and the autumn equinox smells like osmanthus.

Cold dew vegetable seedlings are green, and the first frost reed flowers are floating all over the sky;

Beginning of winter reported good news, reported three rewards, and light snow and goose feathers flew in pieces.

The snow is very cold, the plum blossoms are crazy in the wind, and the winter solstice is full of snow.

Little cold wanderers are homesick, and they celebrate reunion at the end of the cold year.

(D) 24 solar terms Climate Agricultural Songs

Beginning of spring: From the beginning of spring, we should fight for six or nine heads, sow in spring and prepare for farming early. A year's plan lies in spring, and agricultural production will be high and excellent.

Rain: Rain and spring rain are as expensive as oil, which can prevent soil moisture from flowing, accumulate more fertilizer and thresh more, select fine varieties and win a bumper harvest.

Scare: The weather is warm, the air is open, hibernating insects wake up, and winter wheat is inhibited to conserve moisture, and spring wheat is raked in the cultivated land.

Vernal equinox: the spring equinox is windy and rainy, the land thaws and the spring tide begins, the rice fields are leveled and plowed early, and the winter wheat turns green and watered.

Qingming: Qingming spring grass is green, which is a good time to plant melons, beans, beets and seedlings.

Grain Rain: The snow and frost have not broken in Grain Rain, so don't delay sowing miscellaneous grains. The swallow drops when it comes back, and the branches of the nursery are connected to the orchard.

Long summer: In long summer, wheat seedlings grow taller and taller, rice seedlings should be planted on the flat ground, intertillage weeding should protect soil moisture, and the greenhouse should be windproof.

Xiaoman: Xiaoman is as mild as spring, preventing aphids, wheat stalks and flies, fertilizing rice fields to promote evil, and catching and shearing wool to prevent cold wind.

Miscanthus species: Miscanthus species have less rain and high temperature, corn seedling interplanting is fixed, millet buckwheat seeds grab water, and paddy field weeding.

Summer solstice: Hail is fierce in summer solstice and early summer. Seed is selected by removing impurities, eliminating hail and increasing rainfall, and dry hot wind is used to prevent corn from sticking.

Slight summer heat: when entering the dog days, Longkou grabs food and grabs time, and cultivates rice and soil, which is not easy to prevent rain and fire.

Big summer: the summer heat and heavy rain increase, autumn vegetable multiple cropping flood control is tense, rice blast prediction, deep water low temperature seedling protection.

Beginning of autumn: Autumn rain began to fall in beginning of autumn, in order to prevent corn borer as soon as possible, turn deep soil into gold, and sprout trees in the nursery.

Summer vacation: In the crisp summer vacation in autumn, emerald beets should be watered, grain and vegetables should be carefully managed in the later period, and winter wheat should be prepared for planting fertilizer.

White dew: White dew is cold at night and hot during the day. This is a good season for sowing winter wheat, harvesting sunflowers in sun-dried rice fields and picking early-maturing apples.

Autumnal equinox: The autumn rain is getting colder, the rice tastes yellow and fruity, the autumn harvest is busy, the grain is threshed and handed over to the public, and the mountain area is frost-proof and listening to the weather.

Cold dew: cold dew grass withers and geese fly south, potatoes and beets are busy recovering, radishes and cabbages are good, and straws are returned to fields for fertilization in autumn.

First frost: the first frost is frozen frost. In autumn, we should pay close attention to storing soil moisture. In freezing days, we should irrigate winter water, thresh and dry grain, and repair granaries.

Beginning of winter: In beginning of winter, the frozen soil disappeared during the day, the sheepfolds and livestock pens were repaired firmly, the fields were leveled, the channels were repaired, and the farmland construction reached a climax.

Xiaoxue: The first snow was sealed in the Xiaoxue field. Young trees and grapes were buried quickly, and the crops were not fat in winter.

Heavy snow: heavy snow and wax snow indicate a good year, and diversification creates high yield. During harrowing, soil moisture is maintained, more fertilizer is accumulated, and fertilizer sources are sought.

Winter solstice: Winter solstice lasts nine days. Sheep and livestock should be cold-proof, and it is very important to attend night classes. Increasing production and harvesting depends on scientific research.

Slight cold: Slight cold enters three or nine days, makes a fortune for the New Year, attends training classes in the current season, and constantly sums up new experiences.

Great cold: Although it is cold, farmers are happy, but the policy of enriching the people is full of praise, and they will be happy in the coming year if the production contract continues.

(5) Hundred solar terms

Say you are a child, playing the lion on the first day of the first month.

Silkworm eggs are scared in February, and Qingming graves float in March.

In April, rice seedlings are planted in long summer, and in May, Duanyang eats zongzi.

Buy a fan in June and burn a master in beginning of autumn in July.

August festival is full of sesame seeds, and September Chongyang catches rotten seeds.

Wear a coat in cold weather in October and dry a cage in winter.

In the twelfth lunar month, I hide from my master everywhere.

(VI) Seven-character Poems of Twenty-four Solar Terms

The earth goes around the sun, and it takes a year to complete a circle.

A year is divided into December, and the 24 solar terms are closely linked.

According to the Gregorian calendar, these two gases will not change every month.

The first half of the year is June 2 1 day, and the second half is August 23 every year.

These are festivals, and the difference is only one or two days.

There are 24 verses in succession, and the following formula is kept in mind:

A slight cold in January was followed by a severe cold, and it rained in the spring of February;

The vernal equinox is in March and Qingming Grain Rain is in April.

Long summer and full summer in May, full summer solstice in June;

July is hot and slightly hot, and August is long summer, beginning of autumn;

In September, the Millennium meets the autumnal equinox, and the first frost and cold dew are all in October;

There is a light snow in 1 1 month in beginning of winter, and a heavy snow in winter solstice to welcome the New Year.

Grasp the season and busy production, sow and harvest in time to ensure a bumper harvest.

(7) The popular phrase of solar terms among farmers in Northeast China.

The sun turns in beginning of spring, it rains by the river, crows crow, the spring equinox is dry, the Qingming wheat is busy, and Grain Rain is farming;

Long summer goose feathers live, birds are full, awn seeds shovel, summer solstice is not cotton, summer heat is not hot, summer heat is three days;

Beginning of autumn is busy doing some work, moving knives and sickles in summer, and putting the Millennium cigarettes on the shelves. The autumnal equinox is not a field, and the cold dew is not cold. The first frost changed its date;

In the early winter of October, the light snow is frozen, the stubble of heavy snow is stubble, there is no boat from winter to the sun, the slight cold is near the twelfth month, and it is cold for a whole year.

(viii) Twenty-four solar term song

Spring is short of breath, and it rains along the river.

Scared crows crow, and the spring equinox dries up

Qingming is busy planting wheat, and Grain Rain is busy farming.

Long summer goose feathers live, and birds come all over.

Mang seeds were shoveled away, and cotton was not harvested at the solstice in summer.

It's not hot in summer, but hot in dog days.

Beginning of autumn was busy playing the lake. In summer, he used a knife and sickle.

White dew smoke is put on the shelves, and the autumn equinox does not give birth to fields.

Before the cold dew is cold, the frost has changed.

In October in beginning of winter, the light snow river is severe.

The snowy river is closed, and the winter solstice is not allowed.

Slight cold and great cold come again for one year.

(9) agricultural proverbs and songs of the twenty-four solar terms

The first month:

It was dark all around, and the heavy snow was a dry year.

But when it was sunny in spring, farmers would not work hard.

February:

I was shocked to hear that Remy was muddy, there was rain at the vernal equinox and there were few patients.

Once every three years in the middle of the month, cotton beans and wheat are everywhere.

March:

When the wind and rain meet at the beginning, the village is worried about the plague.

If the Qingming wind starts from the south, it is predicted that the harvest will be great.

April:

In the long summer, the east wind is less sick, and the fruit grows more in the eighth day.

On that day in Chen Geng, Lei Ming Jiazi, people thought that locusts would damage rice and grain.

May:

It is a good year to have rain in Duanyang, and it is also a good year for mango to have thunder, fragrance and beauty.

The summer solstice wind blows from the northwest, and the melon and vegetable garden is fried.

June:

In dog days, when the weather is extremely hot, there are many grains in Tianhe.

If there is no danger at this time, it will be rainy and snowy for three winters.

July:

Worryingly, it didn't rain in early autumn. Nothing is half done.

If it rains in summer, it is hard to stay even if it is strong.

August:

There are many white clouds and songs everywhere in the autumn wind.

At this time, I am most afraid of lightning. What is the price of rice in winter?

September:

On the first day, first frost invaded the people, and there was no rain or shine in Chongyang.

People who have a fire in the middle of the month get sick, and if it thunders, the price of vegetables will rise.

October:

On that day in beginning of winter, Pafeng's waves cost him the heart to come to Takada next year.

This day is even more the day of the children, and the disaster forecast hurts the people.

1 1 month:

There are many diseases and heavy snow disasters on the first day of school.

On the solstice of winter, it's sunny and rainy. Next year, we will sing Taiping songs.

December:

There will be six livestock disasters on the first day of the first lunar month. If there is heavy snow and drought in the coming year,

If the weather is fine today, farmers will get rich next year.

(10) Twenty-four solar terms for fruit production.

January is chilly in spring, and the production plan is well-planned.

Pruning techniques should be piloted first, and different varieties should be carefully pruned.

In February, beginning of spring prepared rainwater, medicine and fertilizer.

Prune mature fruit trees first, and prune young trees in March.

When the vernal equinox comes in March, the top surface should follow closely.

Specially-appointed people scrape and cure rot, and disinfect the garden all the year round.

In April in Qingming Grain Rain, it's time to dig holes and plant trees.

Fruit trees are grafted in spring and bare medicinal trees are irrigated in spring.

In May, the fruit trees are closely connected with each other in the long summer.

When using pesticides to control red spider, don't underestimate the leafhopper.

Fruit thinning and topdressing ensure stable production, and fruit trees are pruned in summer.

Press green manure to dig deep, maintain tree trays and expand terraces.

In August, when summer begins in autumn, these trees are sprayed with chemicals to prevent their leaves from falling off.

When the fruit trees are grafted again, it is a good time to apply agricultural fertilizer.

The Millennium autumnal equinox falls on September day. After the first frost harvest of autumn fruits,

Different varieties should be picked at the right time, picking lightly and transporting lightly.

/kloc-it was frosty in early October, and the fruit carriers were not idle.

In late autumn, we should pay close attention to clearing the garden, and the pests and diseases of Yequan will dry up.

There was a little light snow in 1 1 month in early winter, and soil irrigation and farming in winter were urgently needed.

Fruit trees should be painted white this month to protect them from freezing.

It's another winter with heavy snow, so we should sum up our experience every day to benefit the war.

Prepare for the coming year and celebrate a year of victory and harvest.

(1 1) Farmers' solar terms proverbs

Farming has no rules, and it all depends on solar terms.

In early spring, the sun is turning and the rain is by the river.

Frightened crows, the vernal equinox drops dry.

Qingming is busy planting millet, and Grain Rain is busy farming.

Long summer goose feathers live, birds come here.

Everyone was happy when the awn was planted, but cotton could not be found on the summer solstice.

The summer heat is not hot, but the summer heat is in the dog days.

Beginning of autumn busy seats, summer knife sickle.

The Millennium is about to cut land, and there is no field in the autumn equinox.

Before the cold dew is cold, the frost has changed.

Land is closed in early winter, and Xiaoxue River is closed.

Snow became the moon in winter, and the winter solstice lasted for nine days.

Slight cold busy comprador, great cold New Year.

The twenty-four solar terms in Song Dynasty play a great role in production and life, and it also plays a great role in studying weather and climate in the geographical field.