Australia's geographical location, population, weather and resources

Commonwealth of Australia

The smallest continent and the sixth largest country on earth, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean.

Area: 29699 10 square mile (7692030 square kilometers). Population (estimated in 2002. ): 19,702, 000. Capital: Canberra. Most Australians are descended from Europeans. The largest non-white minority is indigenous Australians. Due to the loose immigration policy, the Asian part of the population has increased. Language: English (official). Religion: Roman Catholicism, Anglican Church. Currency: Australian dollar. Australia has four main geographical regions. More than half of its land area is in Western Australia, including Arnhem and Kimberly in the northwest and mcdonnell Mountains in the east. The second area is great artesian basin, which is located in the east of the shield. The eastern highlands, including the great watershed, are a series of high ridges, plateaus and basins. The fourth area is the Flinders Mountains. The highest point in this country is mount kosciusko in the Australian Alps, and the lowest point is Lake Aier. The main rivers include Murray-Darling River, flinders river and Swan River and Cooper River. There are many islands and reefs along the coast, including the Great Barrier Reef, Melville Island, Kangaroo Island and Tasmania. Australia is rich in mineral resources, including coal, oil and uranium. 1979 A huge diamond deposit was discovered in Western Australia. The economy of this country is basically a free enterprise; Its biggest components include finance, manufacturing and trade. Formally, it is a constitutional monarchy, and its head of state is the British monarch represented by the Governor. In fact, it is a parliamentary country with two legislative yuan; Its head of government is the Prime Minister. Australia has long been inhabited by aborigines, who came here 40,000-60,000 years ago. 1788 The estimated population at the time of European settlement ranged from 300,000 to over 1 1,000,000. Europeans' extensive understanding of Australia began with the exploration in17th century. The Dutch landed in 16 16, and the British landed in 38+0688 in 654, but the first large-scale expedition was james cook's expedition in 1770, which established Britain's sovereignty claim to Australia. The first British colony was in Port Jackson (1788), which was mainly composed of criminals and sailors. Criminals account for a large part of the new immigrants. By 1859, the colonial core of Australian States had been formed, but it had a devastating impact on indigenous people. With the introduction of diseases and weapons in Europe, the indigenous population decreased sharply. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, Britain granted its colonies limited autonomy. 1900 passed a bill to unite the colonies into a federation. Australia fought side by side with Britain in World War I, especially in Garipoli, and fought side by side with Britain again in World War II to prevent Australia from being occupied by Japan. It joined the United States in the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Since11960, the government has been seeking to treat the aborigines more fairly, and the relaxation of immigration restrictions has led to a more diversified population. The constitutional link that allowed Britain to interfere in the government was officially abolished in 1968, and Australia assumed a leading role in Asian and Pacific affairs. During the period of A.D. 1990, it went through several debates about abandoning its ties with Britain and becoming a republic.