What scenic spots can I visit on the Qinghai Lake-Delingha-Dunhuang route?

Qinghai Lake: Daotang River, Erlangjian Scenic Area (base 15 1), Heimahe Township, Fucheng Site, D2 Bird Island in Chaka Salt Lake, Ancient Chashan (Sanshi), atomic city in Xihai Town, Jinyintan Grassland, Delingha in Shadao: Baijiashan Alien Site, Tianjun Stone Forest, Dulan Hunting Ground and Crook Lake. It is distributed in three or four layers on the cliff of Mingsha Mountain, with a total length of 1600 meters. There are 492 existing grottoes, with a total area of 45,000 square meters of murals and more than 2 100 painted Buddha statues. Grottoes vary in size, statues vary in height, the big ones are magnificent, the small ones are exquisite, the accomplishments are deep and the imagination is amazing.

Mingsha Mountain is located seven kilometers south of Dunhuang City. It was called Shensha Mountain and Shajiao Mountain in ancient times. The whole mountain system is composed of sand, which is about 40 kilometers long from east to west, 20 kilometers wide from north to south and tens of meters high. The mountain peak is steep, like a sharp sword. There is a layer of wet sand under the sand dune. The wind blows sand, and the sound can make the sand layer sing, hence the name. According to historical records, when the weather is clear, even if the wind stops and the sand is quiet, it will sound like playing music, so the "clear sound on the sand ridge" is a scene in Dunhuang. If people fall from the top of the mountain, the sand will fall with the human body and the sound will be heard. It is said that when you climb the sand mountain at night, you can also see the sparks generated by the sliding friction of sand grains. Mingsha Mountain in Shapotou, Zhongwei County, Ningxia, Xiangshawan, Dalat Banner, Inner Mongolia, and Barkun Sand Mountain in Barkun Kazak Autonomous County, Xinjiang are also called "Four Mingsha Mountains" in China. This is a kind of wonder in natural phenomena, which has been called "desert wonder" since ancient times and is known as "one of the scenic spots beyond the Great Wall".

Crescent Spring Crescent Spring is located at the foot of Mingsha Mountain. It was called Shajing in ancient times and Yaoquan in common name. Since the Han Dynasty, it has been one of the "Eight Scenes of Dunhuang" and was named "Yue Quan Che Xiao". The crescent spring is nearly 100 meters long from north to south and about 25 meters wide from east to west. The spring is deep in the east and shallow in the west, with the deepest point of about 5 meters. Bending like a crescent moon, hence the name, it is called "the first spring in the desert".

Ya Dan landform Dunhuang Ya Dan landform is located 200 kilometers west of Dunhuang, with a distribution area of 10 km. The mounds are tall, mostly10 ~ 20m, 200 ~ 300m. Place names, also known as Sanlongsha, first appeared in the Han Dynasty, located outside the ancient Yumenguan Gate, where the northern line of the Silk Road passed. Sandong Shayadan landform is perpendicular to the prevailing northwest wind direction, but consistent with the flow direction of mountain torrents, forming the second largest scenic spot in Dunhuang with Yumenguan. Because of its peculiar characteristics, there is a ghost town.

The ancient city of Dunhuang is located in the desert Gobi on the south side of Dunhuang-Yangguan Expressway, 25 kilometers away from the city center. 1987 Dunhuang, a large-scale historical feature film co-produced by China and Japan, is based on the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in Song Dynasty, and is designed and built in imitation of the ancient city of Shazhou, with a construction area of 65,438+10,000 square meters. The architectural style of Dunhuang ancient city has a strong western customs, with three gates in the east, west and south, and towering towers; The city consists of five main streets: Gaochang, Dunhuang, Ganzhou, Xingqing and Bianliang, with Buddhist temples, pawn shops, warehouses, restaurants and houses on both sides. The ancient city of Dunhuang reproduces the majestic posture of Dunhuang, an important town in the northwest during the Tang and Song Dynasties. It is known as the architectural art museum in the west of China, and has the unique advantage of shooting military films in the ancient western frontier. Now it has become the largest film and television shooting base in western China, where it has been filmed successively.

Yangguan

Nanhu Township, located 70 kilometers southwest of Dunhuang City, opened up Hexi for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, one of the "four counties, according to two customs". Since ancient times, the Silk Road has left Dunhuang from the west and passed through the southern part of the Western Regions. It is the gateway to the western border. Wang Yue, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "Weicheng is light dust in rainy city, and the guest house is green and willow-colored. Advise you to make another glass of wine. There is no reason for people to go out to Xiyangguan and make Yangguan famous forever.

Yangguan was founded in the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (former 107), and once set up a captain to manage military affairs. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, it has always been the only way for the Southern Silk Road. Due to its long history, there are few remains of Guancheng beacon tower. According to Yuanhe County Records, it is located in Yangguan, 60 miles west of Shou Chang County. In order to live south of Yumenguan, it is called Yangguan. This Han Dynasty is also in the south of Weihe River, and Shanshan and shache in the west are interesting. The late Wei Dynasty tried to locate Yangguan County here. Manuscripts of Dunhuang Stone Chambers Collected in Paris (Geography of Shazhou) (page 5034) contains: Yangguan, 20 steps from east to west, 27 steps from north to south. On the right is ten miles west of the county seat (Shou Chang). Now it has been destroyed and the base has been preserved. West to Shicheng, Yutian and other south roads. Yumenguan south, date: "Yangguan" (note: the ancients took Shannan as the sun). It can be seen that Yangguan Pass was destroyed in the Tang Dynasty, leaving only the base address. Gushou Great Wall is near Gongbei Village, Nanhu Township, Dunhuang City, and Yangguan is 6 miles west of Shoucheng Great Wall, which is 10 mile. Speaking of approximate figures. According to experts' research, the former site of Yangguan is in the quicksand zone facing the' Antique Beach' to the west of Nanhu Town today.

75 kilometers southwest of Dunhuang, you can reach the former site of Yangguan: "Antique Beach". 1943 Mr. Xiang Da wrote during his inspection here: "At the northwest corner of Nanhu Lake today, there is a place name antique beach, which is choked by quicksand. There are relics of panlou and pottery tablets everywhere, jade articles, pottery tablets, ancient coins and other ancient artifacts from Han Dynasty to Tang and Song Dynasties, and the remains of antique beach reach Nanhu Beilong in the north, which can't be lingering. 1972, the cultural relics investigation team in Jiuquan area found a large number of wall-building sites behind the sand canal west of Antique Road 14. After trial excavation and measurement, the houses are arranged neatly and clearly, with an area of 10000 square meters, and there are still generous castle walls nearby. The former site of Yangguan should be here.

In ancient times, there was a 70-kilometer Great Wall connecting Yangguan and Yumenguan, and there were beacon towers every few tens of miles. There are more than a dozen beacon towers near Yangguan. Especially on the pier top on the north side of the antique beach, the beacon tower known as "the eyes and ears of Yangguan" is the largest, with the highest terrain and relatively complete preservation.

Why did Yangguan ancient fort build in this desert? Archaeologists found that Yangguan occupied the dangerous terrain of "one person guarding it, ten thousand people can't open it". In ancient times, there were abundant water sources nearby. Wowachi and Xitugou are the largest independent water sources. At least three or four thousand years ago, it became an oasis basin with a developed ditch burning culture. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, Sergeant Yangguan lived on this water. The communication between the west and the soil often dries up in the upper reaches, and springs in the lower reaches converge into streams, which flow northward, and sometimes flash floods occur. After the flood peak, the two sides of the gully collapsed one after another, the riverbed widened, and a large amount of sediment flowed down the river and deposited downstream. Sediment was carried around by the northwest wind, forming sand ridges, and the ancient city of Yangguan was gradually buried by water and sand.

Visitors to the Silk Road must go to Dunhuang, and those who go to Dunhuang must go to Yangguan. There are not many beautiful historical sites. The key is to mourn history and continue to mourn history in the imaginary space. There is a South Lake near Yangguan, and there is also a grape gallery with a unique style, so you can visit the local folk customs.

Sanweishan

Sanwei Mountain Tourist Area in Dunhuang is located 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City, close to Mogao Grottoes, which complements Buddhism and forms a tourist landscape featuring Buddhist culture on the Silk Road. Sanwei Mountain stretches for dozens of miles from east to west, and the main peak faces Mingsha Mountain across the Daquan River. Its "three peaks stand tall, and if it is dangerous, it will be dangerous." Sanwei Mountain is a famous mountain in Dunhuang history and the birthplace of Dunhuang civilization history. According to Shan Hai Jing, Sanwei Mountain is the place where Sanqing birds live. In ancient myths and legends, Sanqingniao is a boy who feeds on the mythical queen mother, putting a mysterious veil on Sanwei Mountain. According to Zuo Zhuan and historical records, the Sanqing tribe, which originally lived between Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, was defeated in the tribal war at that time. According to historical research, Sanqingyuan was a nation with birds and dragons as its totem. The so-called Sanqing Bird lived here, that is, people with three bird totems in the south were exiled here, and Sanmiao people moved to Sanwei Mountain, becoming the earliest Dunhuang residents since written records in history, thus opening the first page of Dunhuang's splendid history.

In ancient times, Sanwei Mountain was also called Beiyu Mountain and Shenyu Mountain. From the perspective of Dunhuang Oasis, Sanwei Mountain is revered by three hidden peaks, hence the name Sanwei Mountain. Sanwei Mountain is a sacred mountain, which contains the Mogao Grottoes, a treasure house of world culture and art. The local people naturally regard this mountain as a sacred mountain, and have built many ancient buildings, such as Imperial Temple Coffin, Wang Mu Palace, Guanyin Well, Laojun Hall, Nantianmen and so on, which remain to this day. Standing in front of Wang Mu Palace, the peak of Sanwei Mountain, overlooking the Mogao Grottoes and the whole Dunhuang Oasis, Dunhuang called Sanwei Mountain the first mountain in Dunhuang. Among the eight scenic spots in Dunhuang in the Qing Dynasty, Sanwei Mountain was listed as the first scene in Dunhuang, and it was called "the East Scenery of Dangerous Peak".

Sanwei Mountain and Mogao Grottoes are adjacent to each other across the Daquan River. Mogao Grottoes were built because of the Buddha's light of Sanwei Mountain. According to the inscription on the Mogao Grottoes, "The Mogao Grottoes died in the second year of Qin Jianyuan (AD 366), and there was a shaman who was happy but restrained. He tried Xilin leaves, stopped at this mountain, and suddenly saw golden light, which looked like a thousand buddhas. It can be seen that the Buddha's light in the three dangers is the driving force for digging the Mogao Grottoes. It can also be said that the mountain in the three dangers is the cradle of the Mogao Grottoes, so there are the second "Eight Scenes of Dunhuang" and "Thousand Buddha Rocks". The mountains in the three dangers are inseparable from the Mogao Grottoes like brothers. If the Mogao grottoes are a treasure house of Buddhist art, then the three-dimensional mountain is a famous mountain of Buddhist art.

Dunhuang Sun Tourism Group and An Company jointly built the "Three Dangers Holy Land", and built a number of scenic spots such as the second largest bronze Buddha concert hall in China, guanyin temple, Wang Mu Palace, Longwang Temple and Dacheng Hall, which were praised as "Buddhist Holy Land" by the world famous artist hirayama ikuo. Lezun Hall was built in memory of the founder of Mogao Grottoes, Lezun Monk. It is located on Sanxing Mountain, opposite the Mogao Grottoes, with icons excavated from the Mogao Grottoes and historical maps of excavated caves. Kannonji Kannonji was built on the north slope next to Guanyin well. It is a peak-style imitation Song building, with a length of about 235,000 square meters from north to south, and it contains portraits and murals of Guanyin Well. The Great Bronze Buddha is the main landscape of the Three-dimensional Mountain Scenic Area, facing the Mogao Grottoes from east to west, with a height of 36.6 meters. It commemorates the excavation of the Mogao Grottoes in 266 AD and is the second largest bronze Buddha in China.

In addition, there are Dacheng Hall, Longwang Temple and Mountain Temple dedicated to China's cultural sage Confucius. These buildings correspond to the Sanwei Mountain Pairs, providing places for tourists to cultivate their minds and cultivate their health. Cisi Pagoda near Laojuntang was built in the early Northern Song Dynasty and is the oldest existing wooden pagoda in China. Because of its special value in the architectural history of China, it is 198 1.

Sanwei Mountain is the first holy place in Dunhuang, and it is listed as the first of the eight scenic spots in Dunhuang in local chronicles, and it is called "the dangerous peak moves eastward". The development and construction of the Sanxian Holy Land, especially the opening of the Sanxian Great Copper Buddha, makes tourists come to the Guanyin Hall of the Great Copper Buddha to burn incense and worship Buddha after visiting the Mogao Grottoes, which can greatly satisfy the wishes of monks and nuns.