What's the difference between Houyi and Houyi?

According to textual research, Yi and Hou Yi are not the same person in history. The difference between them is hundreds of years. According to the original records, it was Yi who shot at the sun, not Hou Yi. There is also information that Yi is a good person and Hou Yi is a bad person. Later, Yi and Hou Yi merged into one, which was called Hou Yi. 1979 edition of Ci Hai commented: "Yi, the legendary name of the ancients. Namely Houyi. Also as a barbarian. " When commenting on the entry "Houyi", he wrote in detail: "Houyi, also known as Yi Yi, was the legendary leader of Dongyi nationality in Xia Dynasty. Originally, there was a poor tribal leader named Yi. Good at archery. Overthrow the Xia dynasty and win the throne of Taikang. Soon, he was killed by his family because he liked hunting and ignored civil affairs. There are also myths and legends that plants die and animals and snakes do harm when Yao comes out for ten days. They shot for nine days and killed wild animals and snakes to kill people. "

According to the authoritative interpretation of Ci Hai, Yi, Hou Yi and Hou Yi are all one person. However, many other documents record otherwise. Professor Lu Gang of Liaoning Normal University wrote that Yi and Hou Yi should be two people. They belong to different times and have completely different historical connotations, different looks and different personalities. It is a historical misjudged case and a great injustice to Yi, which should be corrected and easy to be innocent.

According to Mr. Lv Gang's conclusion from comparative mythology, Yi is a hero who shoots at the sun, while Hou Yi is a dissolute and shameless villain.

According to Mr. Gu Jiegang, a great scholar, from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the mid-Western Han Dynasty, the legend of Yi and Hou Yi was chaotic. At that time, Yi's novels were divided into three groups. The first group is the legends of mythologists. The second group is legendary; The third group is the legendary Confucianism and Mohism. He listed the stories of Yi in Shan Hai Jing and Huai Nan Zi, which proved that the mythologist's "political conclusion" about Yi was that he was the "God of worshipping cloth". The poet represented by Qu Yuan called Yi a dissolute and shameless person. The emperor sent him down to relieve people's worries, but he shot Hebo and took his wife. Finally, a man named Han Zhuo and his wife Chun Hu conspired to kill him. Qu Yuan's conclusion in Li Sao is that it is better to be a prostitute and a fox. However, the conclusion of Confucius and Mencius school on Yi is different. Confucius thought that Yi's skill (or skill) was not brilliant, and the result would not come to a good end. Mencius simply thinks that you are guilty, because a gentleman chooses his friends, but you don't choose your friends carefully and pass on your skills to bandits, so there are also some sins. Xunzi believed that Yi was the "bow maker" among the twenty ministers who ruled the world because of saints. "Xunzi Jiedu Pian" further clarifies that Yi is only a "good shot" and does not make a bow. Finally, there are different ways to die. Some people say that he died at the hands of Han Zhuo, and some people say that he died under the Taofu stick. According to this, Mr. Gu Jiegang believes that before the middle of the Western Han Dynasty, the time of Yi was not fixed. Some books say he is from the Yao Dynasty, some books say he is from the Xia Dynasty, and some books say he is from the Zhou Dynasty. Yi's personality is not fixed either. Some books say that he is a good man who has made meritorious deeds, some books say that he is a guilty villain, and some books regard him as a world post. The most popular is his legend of good marksmanship. It was not until the early years of the Western Han Dynasty that Yi was called Xia Di. Since the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the legend of Chu Ci School has won, and it is easy to be fixed as the king of summer vacation. In fact, it is not only the Chuci school that confuses Yi and Hou Yi, but Sima Qian also realized this later. And this positioning, without the story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, seems more realistic.

Now it seems that Mr. Gu Jiegang's attention is not on whether Yi and Hou Yi are one person or two. Because from other books, it can be found that it was Hou Yi who was lost by Han Jue and Yi who was killed by Peng's stick. But Gu Jiegang, as a great scholar, would not be so confused as to put two people with different merits and demerits together. Then there is only one possibility, that is, the conclusion drawn by Teacher Gu. From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, there has been no unified and accurate conclusion on the study of Yi culture. What is even more surprising is that Mr. Gu Jiegang verified that the author of Tian Wen was not Qu Yuan, but an anonymous name much earlier than Qu Yuan, because Tian Wen, Shangshu and The Book of Songs were written at the same time. Therefore, our modern version of Ci Hai combines Yi with Hou Yi and Yi into one. Trinity becomes a prism, which can reflect the multiple personalities of Yi as a shooter and a king, as well as the contradictory unity of heroes and prostitutes. This is a very interesting phenomenon of personality distortion.

The official records of Yi and Hou Yi are obviously insufficient. Might as well pick up some materials from unofficial history to supplement it.

"Shan Hai Jing Hai Nei Jing" contains: "The Emperor gave Yi Tong Bow (to Bei Jia Ya) to help the country, and it was difficult for Yi Shou to sympathize." The emperor mentioned here is the grandson of Xuanzang, the eldest son of the Yellow Emperor, and the father of Yao. Yi was a famous archer at that time, and he was in charge of military power because he was good at archery. In the late period of Di Ku, the ten tribes of Dongyi fell in love. These ten tribes all worship the sun, so there is a saying that they will go out side by side in ten days. Yi was sent to conquer ten tribes and became one, which is why the saying of "shooting for nine days" spread. Yi finally died and was buried under his apprentice's mahogany staff.

Hou Yi is the head of the poor family. unofficial history thinks that Hou Yi is the offspring of the illegitimate children of Hou Yi and Chang 'e, and his story is almost a copy of his story. Hou Yi has also done earth-shattering heroic deeds, unifying ten sun-worshipping tribes in Dongyi (similar to Hou Yi's deeds) and overthrowing the decadent Taikang royal family. But at the end of the festival, like Taikang, he did not practice politics and hunted everywhere. As a result, Han Zhuo, the flattering minister who was reused by himself, mutinied, killed and cooked his son. His son couldn't eat and died in poverty. "Han Zhuo also married Chun Hu, the wife of Hou Yi (she is no longer Chang 'e).

Having said that, we have a general understanding of the story of Houyi shooting the sun. To sum up, we can draw the following conclusions: firstly, the hero of Sheyang legend is Yi, not Hou Yi; Secondly, the original text confuses Yi and Hou Yi and merges them into one; Third, we can use the past to serve the present, and we can adopt the evaluation of Yi and Hou Yi in Ci Hai. Fourthly, we can learn from the ancient people's desire to conquer nature and bow and arrow worship to study Houyi culture. Taking professionalism, courage to challenge and courage to win as the main line, this paper expounds its story context and cultural connotation, not to expose the historical scars of "incurable diseases", but to resolve to rehabilitate the object of unjust, false and wrong cases. We should uphold justice and rehabilitate it. If we don't do it well, it will be counterproductive. Because Yi and Hou Yi are both mythical figures, the basis of our judgment or narration today is fragments obtained from ancient books, and these fragments have also been tampered with and distorted by our ancestors, which cannot be used as an absolutely true basis.

Houyi or Houyi?

Some people write Hou Yi as "Hou Yi" and think that "Hou" is a traditional Chinese character, but it is actually misunderstood.

It is possible to write "Hou" one after another. The problem is that when we say "Hou Yi", we don't mean "Qian Yi". "Houyi" does not mean that there is a Houyi in front and another Houyi behind. "Hou" can refer to the emperor's wife, monarch, vassal or surname. And these layers of meaning "Hou" cannot be written as "Hou".

Hou Yi's "Hou" actually means the king of a poor country. According to the research of benevolent people, Houyi is the descendant of Houyi and passed down through the form of "illegitimate child". This is almost ridiculous, because there was no "DNA" test at that time, and there was no way to make up stories at will. Today, we can only confirm that "Houyi" means "Wang Yi", so "Houyi" cannot be written in traditional Chinese characters.

China Houyi Temple and Houyi Park in Sheyang County were both inscribed by Mr. Shen Peng, Chairman of China Calligraphers Association. Chinese characters are traditional official scripts, but "Hou" is a simplified Chinese character. I don't know Mr. Shen Lao's clerical error, but a query found that Hou's characters as "Wang" and "Hou" are not traditional.

Shoot the sun or day after day

Because "shooting" means chasing, some people think that "Sheyang" means chasing the sun, which is related to "Kuafu day by day".

However, the topic we are choosing now is Houyi culture, so there can only be one explanation for "shooting" here, that is, shooting the sun with an arrow.

To further illustrate the problem, we might as well compare the different stories of Shooting the Sun and Day by Day.

The daily hero is called Kuafu. The descendants of Emperor Yan were originally the floorboard of a giant. He lives on a mountain called "Chengdu Zai Tian". He is tall, but a little silly. One day, a Kuafu man saw that the sun was about to set, and it suddenly occurred to him: I don't like night. I want to chase the sun and catch it. He ran like the wind in the direction of the sunset, until he caught up with Yugu, and the sun really caught up with him. Kuafu was so happy that he raised his hands to catch the sun. At this time, the sun is extremely hot and light, and moxibustion makes him feel extremely agitated and thirsty, forcing him to put down the sun and drink water. He drank the Yellow River and Weihe River in one breath, but his mouth was still thirsty. He ran to the north and wanted to drink the water from osawa, but before he reached his destination, he died of thirst on the way, and the man became a mountain and his walking stick became a piece.

The above story shows that Kuafu should run from east to west day by day, and the beginning and end of the story have nothing to do with "Sheyang". So the theory of "day by day" is not desirable for us.

Since we focus on "shooting at the sun", the object of our study can only be "Yi", that is, Houyi and Yi.