Climatic characteristics of Mediterranean Aegean Sea in March, April and May

Keywords: Earth science

Column keywords: popular science knowledge

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mediterranean climate

There are many climate types in the world, but most of them are named after scenic features, such as desert climate, rainforest climate and grassland climate. Only the Mediterranean climate is named after a specific place name, which shows that the Mediterranean region is the most typical region of this climate type.

The Mediterranean climate is not unique to the Mediterranean region. In fact, the coastal areas of California in North America, central Chile in South America, Cape Town in southern Africa, southern Oceania and southwestern China also have this climate. Careful people can find some similarities in the above areas on the map of the world. Most of them are located at 30-40 degrees north latitude, all on the west coast or south coast of the mainland. In these areas, under the control of temperate westerly winds from the sea in winter, moist air masses bring more rain, while in summer, under the control of subtropical high, the air flow disperses from land to all directions, which makes it difficult to form clouds and cause rainfall, forming a hot and dry climate. The annual precipitation is generally 375-625mm, and the summer precipitation only accounts for about 10% of the whole year. The temperature is 5- 10℃ in winter and 2 1-27℃ in summer. Therefore, the Mediterranean climate is characterized by warm and dry summer and warm and humid winter, which is significantly different from the temperate continental monsoon climate with hot and rainy summer and cold and dry winter.

The Mediterranean climate makes the rivers supplemented by precipitation in these areas rise in winter and dry in summer; The vegetation is mainly drought-tolerant shrubs, and the typical plant is olive. The seashore in this unique climate zone is a good place for winter tourism.

The Mediterranean climate is a maritime climate, which appears on the west coast of the mainland between 30 and 40 latitudes. The Mediterranean coast is the most obvious, and other regions, such as California coast in North America, central Chile in South America, and the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa, have similar climates.

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by the westerlies in winter, frequent frontal cyclones and mild climate. The temperature in Leng Yue is between 4 ~ 10℃, and there is abundant precipitation. In summer, controlled by subtropical high, the airflow sinks, the climate is hot and dry with little rain, few clouds and plenty of sunshine. The annual precipitation is 300 ~ 1000 mm, accounting for 60% ~ 70% in winter and only 30% ~ 40% in summer. There is more precipitation in winter than in summer.

There is a great difference in summer temperature between coastal areas and inland areas. Affected by cold ocean currents, the coastal areas have low temperatures, the hottest month is below 22℃, and the air is humid and foggy, which is called cool summer type. Inland, far away from the ocean, the ocean regulation is small, the air is dry and warm, and the hottest month temperature is above 22, which is called warm summer type.

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by less rain in high temperature period and more rain in low temperature period; This uncoordinated cooperation is very unfavorable to plants. During the growing season, plants must undergo dry heat exercise. In order to reduce evaporation, natural vegetation is mostly evergreen hardwood forest, such as dwarf trees and shrubs.