Can Shaanxi Baoji plant Sanqi?

Shaanxi Baoji can't grow Panax notoginseng. Mainly produced in Wenshan County, Wenshan County, Yanshan County, Maguan, Xichou, Guangnan, Malipo, Funing and Qiubei in Yunnan Province, and also planted in Tian Yang, Jingxi, Tiandong and Debao in Guangxi. Wenshan Prefecture in Yunnan Province has a long history, large output and good quality. Known as "Wensanqi" and "Tianqi", it is a famous authentic medicinal material.

Planting cultivation

1. Land selection and soil preparation: it is advisable to choose land with gentle drainage with a slope of 5- 15 degrees, humus soil or sandy loam rich in organic matter. Corn, peanuts or beans should be the first crop in farmland, and solanaceae should not be the first crop. After the plot is selected, it should be fallow for one to six months and ploughed for many times, with a depth of 15 ~ 20cm to promote soil weathering. Where conditions permit, soil disinfection can be carried out by spreading grass, burning soil or applying lime 100 kg per mu before ploughing. For the last time, 5000 kg of fully decomposed manure and 50 kg of cake fertilizer were applied per mu, leveled and ploughed, with the border facing south, width 1.2- 1.5 m and spacing of 50- 150 cm.

2. Breeding method: Breeding with seeds.

(1) Seed selection and seed treatment: In10-1month every year, the fully shaded, mature and red fruits of 3-4-year-old plants are selected, picked, placed on a bamboo screen, peeled off, washed and dried. Soak seeds in 65% zineb 400 times solution or 50% Tobezin 1000 times solution 10 minute for disinfection. Panax notoginseng seeds are easy to lose vitality after drying, so they should be collected or preserved in layers.

(2) Sowing: scribe with a tool, sow at a spacing of 6 cm× 5 cm, then evenly spread a layer of mixed fertilizer (mixed with decomposed farm manure or other fertilizers), and cover the border with a layer of straw to keep the border moist and inhibit the growth of weeds, with 70,000-65,438+seeds per mu, equivalent to 65,438 fruits.

If we use the method of covering silver-gray plastic film after sowing and watering, we can obviously increase production, save water and fertilizer. (3) Seedling management and transplanting: In dry weather, water frequently, drain water in time after rain and weed regularly. Phosphate fertilizer is usually the main topdressing at seedling stage, and it is usually topdressing three times, the first time in March after the seedlings grow completely, and the last two times in May and July respectively. The canopy light transmittance at seedling stage should be adjusted according to the change of light intensity in different seasons. Panax notoginseng seedlings are transplanted after one year, generally from June 65438+February to June 65438+1October of the following year. It is required to pick up seedlings, select seedlings and transplant. When rooting, prevent damage to root strips and spores. When selecting seedlings, the sick, injured and weak seedlings should be eliminated and cultivated in different grades. Panax notoginseng seedlings are divided into three levels according to the size and weight of roots: 1000 roots weighing more than 2 kg are the first level; The weight of one thousand roots 1.5 ~ 2kg is Grade II; 1.5 kg is level 3. Transplanting row spacing:18cm×15 ~18cm for the first and second grades; The third grade is 15cm× 15cm. The seedlings should be disinfected before planting. Dip the root with 300 times zineb, take it out and dry it immediately after dipping, and plant it in time.

3. Tian Tuan management

(1) Weeding and ridging: Panax notoginseng is a shallow-rooted plant, and its roots are mostly distributed in the surface layer of 15 cm, so it is not suitable for intertillage to avoid damaging the roots. Weeds along the border should be removed in time after the seedlings are unearthed. When weeding, if you find roots and roots exposed on the ground, you should cultivate the soil.

(2) Water spraying and drainage: In dry season, water should be sprayed frequently to keep the border moist, and also sprayed when spraying water, so that plants will not lodging. In the rainy season, especially after the heavy rain, the accumulated water should be removed in time to prevent diseases such as root rot.

(3) Set up a shed to adjust the light transmittance: Sanqi is fond of shade, and artificial cultivation needs to set up a shed to shade it. The height of the grid is1.5 ~1.8m, and a side shed is set around the shed. The shed materials are all made from local materials. Generally, prefabricated rows of wood or cement are used as shed columns, wire is pulled at the top of the grid to make beams, and bamboo is woven into squares to pave the shed roof. The light transmission in the shed has a close influence on the growth and development of Panax notoginseng. Too little light transmission, thin plants, prone to pests and diseases, less flowering and fruiting; When the leaves become Huang Shi due to excessive light transmission, early wilting is easy to occur. Generally, we should master the principle of "sparse before dense", that is, the light transmittance is 60% ~ 70% in spring, slightly smaller in summer, 45% ~ 50%, and gradually expanded to 50% ~ 60% when the temperature turns cold in autumn.

(4) Top dressing: Top dressing of Panax notoginseng should master the principle of "multiple times and small amount". Generally, after the seedlings germinate, plant ash is applied 2-3 times, 50- 100 kg per mu to promote the growth and health of the seedlings. From April to May, 65,438+0 times of mixed organic fertilizer (manure, plant ash 2: 65,438+0) was applied, with an amount of 2,000 kg per mu, and 65,438+05 kg of calcium superphosphate was applied to the seed-reserved plots to promote fruit fullness. After clearing the garden in winter, the yield per mu will be 2000-3000 kg.

(5) Bolting: In order to prevent unnecessary nutrient consumption and supply underground root growth, bolting can be completely removed in July, which can improve the yield of Panax notoginseng. It should be done on sunny days.