Probably bitten by a bat.

According to relevant information, the Mexican magazine Health reported in June 5438+February last year that scientists from the National Autonomous University of Mexico conducted three different experiments, injecting bat saliva into the blood of human beings, rabbits and bats respectively. It was found that human thrombus dissolved in a few minutes, and then rabbit thrombus dissolved, except bat thrombus.

So, do bats carry viruses? The expert from the School of Sports Medicine of Nanjing Agricultural University told the reporter that bats that prey on insects and reduce mosquitoes are beneficial to human beings and play a role in balancing the ecology, but bats do carry at least 14 viruses that can infect humans or animals, including rabies, Hendra virus, Nipah virus and Hantavirus. Especially Nipah virus, more than 50% people will die after infection. Bats carry viruses, and at least two kinds of sudden infectious diseases have been confirmed in recent years. Once in Australia, Hendra virus was transmitted from bats to horses and then to people. Another time in Malaysia, Nipah virus was transmitted from bats to pigs and then to people. In recent years, bats have been proved to be the natural hosts of some important virus pathogens of animal-borne infectious diseases (which can infect people and animals), and these bats infected by viruses basically do not have clinical symptoms.

However, at present, scientists have only found antibodies and genes of SARS virus in four species of Bata, and similar viruses have not been detected in other species.

Bat wounding cases are different.

The reporter learned that in recent years, reports about bat wounding have been seen in the media.

According to Shenzhen media reports, Xiao Li, a migrant worker in Longgang, Shenzhen, woke up on the morning of June 10 this year. When he took off his white T-shirt, he saw that his back was covered with blood and a furry black bat was stuck to it. There is also a pool of blood on the mat on the bed, and a dead bat is lying. The workmate told Xiao Li that there were still some red spots on his back. Xiao Li is afraid that bats will lie on his back and suck blood. At the same time, he was worried that bats might carry infectious bacteria, which would have adverse effects on the body, so he went to the hospital for medical treatment. Although the explanation of relevant experts made Xiao Li temporarily dispel his concerns, being bitten by a bat still made him hard to let go.

At the beginning of this year, a 15-year-old girl named Jenna Chance in the United States went to the hospital because she was in a trance, but it is difficult for doctors to make a definite diagnosis based on this symptom. Two days later, chance felt unstable and began to feel sick and vomiting. She went to see a doctor again, this time a neurologist. Chance told the doctor that she felt tired and weak, and her left hand felt tingling and numb. She said that her left index finger was bitten by a bat a month ago, when blood gushed out and a small wound appeared. At that time, she just thought it was a little skin, simply bandaged it, and did not see a doctor in time. It was not until the above symptoms appeared that the family was a little anxious and rushed to the hospital. Finally, she was diagnosed with rabies, although there was no direct evidence that her rabies was caused by a bat bite. Finally, the doctor took the "chicken tail therapy" in time, so that the American girl of 15 years old survived.

Experts say not to kill bats.

"The concerns of residents such as Mr. Hua are actually superfluous." Cheng, a researcher at the School of Sports Medicine of Nanjing Agricultural University, said.

According to its introduction, bats currently entrenched in some residents' homes generally do not cause harm to people. He told reporters that during the SARS period the year before last, many citizens had asked them about the virus carried by bats. Many people are worried that bats will be infected with SARS, and some citizens also ask how to deal with bats flying into their homes. "We explain to them every day that whether bats can be infected with the virus is still inconclusive. Don't be too nervous, the possibility of bat infection is very small, because bats are found all over the world. If it is really contagious, why does SARS only break out in high density in some areas? To take a step back, even if bats are contagious, research shows that only fruit bats are contagious, and fruit bats only appear in the south, but not in the north. The bats that the public generally see now are called bat wings, which are harmless to people and should not be easily hurt. " The expert said.

"Recently, bats flew into residents' homes because the weather became cold in autumn, and bats flew indoors to avoid the cold, so there is no need to worry or be inexplicably nervous. "A person from the Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention also told our reporter who came to interview yesterday that so far, no cases of bat bites have been found in Nanjing. Data from the Veterinary College of Animal Medicine College of Nanjing Agricultural University also showed that no animal got sick because of being bitten by bats. Bats are generally harmless to the human body, but in order to prevent parasites and viruses from being bitten or transmitted to them, it is best not to touch them with your bare hands.

According to experts, bats appearing in residents' homes this summer may be related to the current environment. Since the beginning of this year, due to the large-scale urban construction in Nanjing, the environment has been polluted to a certain extent, leading to the increase of mosquitoes and other insects. From the point of view of biological chain, the increase of bats is an inevitable trend, which is actually a good thing. It is normal that some wild animals, including bats, carry various viruses as a result of natural evolution. Insect-eating bats, including giant bats, are important natural enemies of many agricultural and forestry pests and play an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance. We must not kill bats because of the publication of this research. With fewer bats, the possibility of mosquitoes carrying dengue fever and other epidemics will greatly increase.

"Bats are good for human beings, so we should pay attention to conscious protection." All the experts interviewed by the reporter said so.

Related links

Bats carry SARS-like viruses.

Xinhuanet Hubei Channel, September 30th-Scientists of China Academy of Sciences cooperated with American and Australian scientists to make a new breakthrough in the research of animal traceability of SARS virus. Studies show that bats carry SARS-like viruses. This research result was published in the journal Science on September 29th.

Shi Shi, head of the research team and researcher of Chinese Academy of Sciences, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency on the 30th that at present, scientists have only found antibodies and genes of SARS virus in four species of giant bat, but no similar virus has been found in other species. The virus must undergo complex genetic variation before it can spread across species. Although the genome sequence homology of bat SARS virus and human SARS virus is 92%, the SARS-like virus detected in bats at present will not directly infect humans.

A joint research team composed of researcher Shi and animal research expert Zhang noted that bats have been proved to be the natural hosts of some important animal-borne infectious diseases viruses (which can infect people and animals) in recent years, but bats infected by viruses have basically no clinical symptoms. Since March 2004, the joint research team has collected 408 samples of serum, throat swab and anal swab from 9 species of bats belonging to 6 genera in 3 families in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hubei and Tianjin. At the same time, SARS virus antibodies and genes were detected in the State Key Laboratory of Virology in Wuhan and the Animal Health Laboratory in Geelong, Australia. Results Virus antibodies and genes were found in four species of Juglans, and the positive rate of antibodies was over 70%.

Researcher Shi said that it is a normal phenomenon that wild animals, including bats, carry various viruses as a result of natural evolution. Insect-eating bats, including big-headed bats, are important natural enemies of many agricultural and forestry pests and play an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance. Bats cannot be killed.

Bat saliva extract can be used as medicine.

Australian researchers are encouraged by a new study that may treat stroke. This potentially effective therapeutic substance was originally extracted from the saliva of vampire bats.

The saliva of vampire bats is called DSPA. DSPA can select and destroy blood clots. Dr. Medcalf, a senior author of this study and bocks BoxHill Hospital in Victoria, Australia, said: "When a vampire bat bites, it secretes this powerful fibrinolytic substance, which keeps the blood of the bitten person flowing for the bat to eat."

When 1 blood clot or 1 blood clot blocks the blood supply to the brain, it will lead to ischemic stroke. However, the only stroke treatment approved by FDA is only suitable for a small number of patients, because this treatment must be carried out within 3 hours after stroke. In addition, in some animal studies, this treatment has been proved to promote brain cell death. According to this new study, DSPA has more potential than current therapies. The researchers injected DSPA or a therapeutic drug currently approved by the FDA into the brain of mice, and then recorded the survival of brain cells.

The researchers found that compared with the current treatment methods, DSPA caused fewer brain cell deaths. Just as researchers were encouraged by these findings, Dr. Goldstein of the Advisory Committee of the American Stroke Association said, "This study is limited to mice without stroke, and the focus is only on the toxicity of DSPA." Whether this treatment can be proved to be safe and effective in improving the prognosis of stroke needs further experimental study.

Disease analysis:

As a wild animal, bats carry many kinds of bacteria, and some kinds of bats may also carry rabies virus. If you are bitten by them, you must seek medical advice in time and inject rabies vaccine. Generally, bats are prone to rabies after biting, and the incubation period is mostly from 20 days to February.

Suggestion:

You don't have to worry about your situation. In principle, the sooner rabies vaccine is injected, the better. However, as long as people are not sick before the vaccine takes effect, that is, before the vaccine stimulates the body to produce enough immunity, the vaccine can work, but the effect may not be good. It can be injected, which is of little use, but it still has some effect. Carrying rabies virus is only a certain probability. If there is no activity, it is recommended to check the virus cell activity test.