What did Su Dongpo do in Hangzhou in those years?

Hangzhou and Su Dongpo, two words that are easily associated with each other, especially when it comes to Hangzhou, Su Dongpo has to mention it. In Hangzhou, there are Su Dongpo Memorial Hall, Dongpo Road, Su Causeway, and Dongpo Meat cooked by almost every restaurant. Hangzhou people seem to have true love for Su Dongpo.

Not surprisingly, Su Shi and Hangzhou are also very destined. Two transfers to Hangzhou and one decision to judge the magistrate have done the practical work of governance. In addition, how many writers and scholars came to meet such great writers, and the cultural atmosphere of this city suddenly became lively. Su Shi himself is the kind of person who is generous and self-sustaining. Needless to say, Hangzhou may be regarded as an idol wherever he goes.

Su Shi first came to Hangzhou in Ningzaixi for four years (107 1) at the age of 36. Su Shi, who was sent to Hangzhou from North Korea, was actually depressed. Because he opposed Wang Anshi's political reform, he was caught in the whirlpool of struggle and had no choice but to apply for westernization to avoid right and wrong. Along the way, I still can't help worrying about my future, and I don't know if my political ambitions can be realized.

Su Shi, who was in a bad mood, arrived in Hangzhou that winter. This bustling metropolis at that time had beautiful scenery, developed commerce, tourists and loud songs. Zongshen was good to Su Shi, and it was a good job to be sent to this lively and rich place.

The period in Hangzhou is three years. In addition to daily business trips, Su Shi's spare time life is also quite rich. It is natural to travel all over the city. You can't miss all kinds of entertainment during the holiday. Banquets from colleagues are indispensable, and of course you have time to be alone. What is this? Su Shi will never forget Hangzhou, and even if he is elsewhere after many years, he will still miss it with poems.

Visit the famous Buddhist monk temple

Su Shi grew up in a family with a very strong Buddhist atmosphere. His mother, Mrs. Cheng, is a devout Buddhist. There are sixteen arhats in her home, and she displays her tributes every day. She sincerely worships Buddha and is kind-hearted. When Su Shi was a child, there were many bamboos and cypresses in his yard, which attracted many birds to live and nest. Mrs. Cheng is not allowed to catch birds and lay eggs at home, so there are more and more birds in his family, and the nests are getting lower and lower. Su Shi and his friends watched and fed directly without fear.

His father Su Xun likes to make friends with famous monks. He once donated money to sculpt Buddha statues in his hometown. Su Shi came into contact with such a family and began to read Buddhist books in his youth. Later, with the rich life experience, I realized the impermanence of life and became more and more interested in Buddhism.

Hangzhou has not only a prosperous side, but also ancient temples and monks hiding lakes and mountains. Before coming to Hangzhou, Su Shi had heard from his teacher Ouyang Xiu that there was a monk Qin Hui in Hangzhou. It is said that he is good at writing poems and has a high literary accomplishment. At that time, he lived in Gushan Temple above the West Lake, where there was another famous poet, Whist. When Su Shi first arrived in Hangzhou, he settled down and set off to visit two eminent monks.

At that time, 36-year-old Su Shi said that he "only knew the taste of seclusion over the years and wanted to share a bed with his superiors". There are many temples and famous monks in Hangzhou. Occasionally, a person crosses mountains and mountains, enters the temple to participate in meditation, burns a pot of incense, holds a pot of famous purple bamboo shoots tea in the mountain spring, listens to the gentle rustling in the mountains, strolls among pine forests at dusk, and gathers with one or two confidants on the stone bridge in the dead of night to talk about Buddhism and Zen. Such a quiet experience, of course, let Su Shi put down government affairs and chores from time to time and walk into the mountains.

Visit the lake to watch the tide and enjoy the flowers.

The beauty of the West Lake is world-famous. How can people who come to Hangzhou miss it? Su Shi's office in Hangzhou is at the foot of Phoenix Mountain, close to the south of West Lake. In this area, swimming in the lake is a matter of going out. When the weather is fine, simply move your desk to the lake and enjoy the beautiful scenery while handling official business. People turned the days into poems, and he Su Dongpo turned the days into poems.

I can't help it The West Lake is so beautiful. Not only beauty, but also beauty is different all year round. No wonder Su Shi was inspired by many works. The famous Rain after Drinking Chuqing Lake was written in this period. It is the phrase "to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, light makeup and heavy makeup are always appropriate" that makes the West Lake appear as a gentle woman, which still affects many people's imagination of the West Lake.

At that time, the people of Hangzhou concentrated on an important activity every Mid-Autumn Festival, that is, watching the tide in Qiantang River. Su Shi, who originally liked the magnificent scenery, will certainly not let go when he comes here. Set the best tidal viewing position in advance, and sit with colleagues on August 15, watching the surging performances of teenagers. Wave surfing is an ancient surfing sport. They held high the little red flag and sang ditty in unison, haunting the waves. Su Shi was moved by the big scene and wrote: "Ten thousand people are clamoring for Wu Nong, and he is still a old boys floating in the river." I wonder how high the tide is and the mountains are muddy in the waves. "

Watching the tide in August and enjoying the flowers in spring, the rich people in Hangzhou always have such a rich amateur life. There is a Jixiang Temple in Hangzhou, with a large area and thousands of different kinds of peonies. In spring, the flowers are rich and touching. In the fifth year of Xining, in the first March after coming to Hangzhou, Su Shi accompanied everyone to Jixiang Temple to enjoy flowers and drink. The sound of silk and bamboo, the fragrance of the wind, has attracted countless tourists. Some people bring their own peony, decorated with silk baskets, and compete with the peony in Jixiang Temple. Some people raise their glasses and drink, and some people put peony in front of their heads. Forgotten tourists are responsible for the carnival of flowers, and Su Shi is responsible for chanting poems and laughing: "People are not ashamed of their old flowers, and flowers should be ashamed of their old heads." Drunk passers-by should laugh, and the curtain is half hooked. "How harmonious the relationship between the government and the people is.

Governance of people's livelihood

Watching the tide and enjoying the flowers is very pleasant, but after all, it is not every day. Don't forget, Su Shi came to Hangzhou to make a general judgment, that is, to help everyone know how to take charge of one side of the water and soil. Although Hangzhou was a prosperous city at that time, in fact, the local people, especially the peasant class, suffered a lot because of natural disasters, improper infrastructure and reform.

Hangzhou was originally a land hit by the tidal water of Qiantang River. At first, the water was bitter and hard to swallow. When Li Bi served as the secretariat of Hangzhou in the Tang Dynasty, he once built six Dashuijing Ancient Buildings, which were distributed all over the city, and drew fresh water from the West Lake for the whole city to drink. Later, Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat to further manage the West Lake and dredge six wells. However, as time goes on, six wells is slowly silting up and abandoning, and drinking water has once again become a life problem for Hangzhou people.

In the autumn of the fifth year of Xining, Su Shi and Sean in Xining found two monks who were proficient in water conservancy to build six wells, made field trips, dug ditches to replace bricks, repaired leaks, revived six large wells, and solved the draught problem.

Wang Anshi's political reform was in full swing at that time. Starting from the national interests, the new law is aimed at Qiang Bing, a rich country, which inevitably needs to expand the exploitation of the lower classes. Then this drawback is aggravated by bureaucratic corruption in the actual implementation process. Su Shi left Beijing for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs because he opposed the political reform. Now he is in the folk, witnessing the tragic life of the people under the attack of natural disasters and the New Deal, which makes him feel sad and angry. During this period, Su Shi wrote many poems reflecting the sufferings of the people and satirizing the new law. That is, these works became evidence that they were later framed as "slandering state affairs." But if he is allowed to remain silent and sit idly by, it will not be Su Shi.

Start writing words

Su Dongpo, who has the title of a great poet of the bold school, has devoted too many classic poems to our Chinese textbooks since he was a child. Most people can always recite a few words of "The River of No Return", and the waves are exhausted. I wish people a long time, thousands of miles away. What if I told you that all Su Shi's poems we read in textbooks were written after he was 38 years old? It's true, in fact, Su Shi didn't write lyrics from the beginning. In his early days, his works were mainly poems. Until the sixth year of Xining (Hangzhou was sentenced to two years), there were almost no words in Su Shi's works.

There is also a reason for this. The form of this word was originally produced with the singing of music, and later it gradually became a literary form for literati to entertain at song banquets. In other words, the essence of the original word is a kind of entertainment, which is characterized by using exquisite language to describe the thoughts of men and women and the feelings of hurting spring.

In Su Shi's boyhood and the first ten years of his career, the ideal of saving the country and defending the country dominated his mind. Therefore, although the style of Ci in the Song Dynasty was prosperous, Su Shi did not have much opportunity and mood to write Ci. It will be different in Hangzhou. Where is Hangzhou? Jiangnan is a treasure with rich style of writing. Besides, as a local official, he has more leisure time, so he can enjoy traveling and attending various banquets, and he is surrounded by many experts. With such an environment and group influence, Su Shi naturally made a formal debut in the field of ci.

Although he started a little late, Su Shi was determined to be a different poet at the beginning of writing. He did not follow the old road of traditional graceful words, but integrated the artistic conception and brushwork of poetry into his words, and the theme was no longer limited to love, in my heart forever. You write about romance, the relationship between men and women, and I write about lofty ideals and feelings about home and country. However, although Su Shi is the pioneer of bold words, it does not mean that people can't write graceful words. Look at this He Xinlang:

Smoke and dancing.

There is no one in silence, and the children's voice turns to noon, and it is cool at night and takes a new bath.

Hand-made white round fan, fan like jade for a while.

Gradually sleepy, lonely to sleep.

Who will push the embroidery worker out of the curtain? Calling people is also a waste of time, and the dream is broken.

The wind is beating on the bamboo again.

In June of the seventh year of Xining, Sean, the magistrate of Hangzhou who worked with Su Shi for more than two years, was about to leave his post. In official business, they think alike, but in private, Su Shi and Sean can be said to be in tune. In recent years, they have handled civil affairs together and traveled to Hangzhou hand in hand, and their feelings have become deeper and deeper. Sean was leaving, and Su Shi wrote a series of farewell words for him.

How soon will your majesty come back? It makes the drunkenness in front of the bottle more lingering.

Yu Meiren. The beautiful hall presents an old story.

Autumn rain on the lake makes you want to go and stay.

Wandering around today, worried about killing people in the Ming Dynasty.

Bodhisattva Xia The West Lake tells a story about the past.

Tonight, the residual lamp is slanting and shining:

Tears are not clear when the autumn rain is clear.

South alley. Send ancient stories. "

Narrating the past is Sean's word. Send it again, and you can see that you are really reluctant to part with it.

Take away the morning clouds

Who is Chaoyun? Anyone who knows Su Shi knows it. Among Su Shi's companions, Chaoyun knows him best. Speaking of Hangzhou, Su Shi is really lucky. Not only did he live a leisurely life and work smoothly, but he also found a tidal cloud who loved him, understood him and followed him.

If calculated by age, Su Shi's Chao Yun is 26 years old, and Chao Yun is even three years younger than Su Shi's eldest son, Mai Su. When he entered the Su family, Chao Yuncai 12 years old should be a kabuki. Later, Chao Yun gave birth to a little son, which was nine years later. Until Su Shi was demoted several times and moved around, Chaoyun stayed with him and never left.

From a girl in a song and dance class to Su Jia, I dare say that Su Jia, a master of university, is full of misfortune. Chaoyun must be a lovely person. However, fate created man, and Su Dun, the youngest son born to Chaoyun, died unfortunately before he was two years old. When Su Dun was born, Su Shi was nearly fifty. Experienced ups and downs in the world, he once wrote a joke to his youngest son:

Everyone wants to be smart when adopting a son, and I have been delayed by being smart all my life.

I only hope that this child is honest and honest, and there is no disaster and no difficulty in reaching the public.

If children grow up smoothly, they will at least be happier than their brothers.

At the age of 34, Chao Yun died of epidemic disease in Huizhou and was buried by the West Lake in Huizhou. In the epitaph written by Su Shi, she was described as "sensitive and upright". A woman of Song Dynasty who can sing and dance well is intelligent and heavyweight.

I always think that Chao Yun should have a stone wife Wang Fu. Wang Fu was proficient in poetry and songs, and married in Fu Su at the age of sixteen. Legend has it that when Su Shi receives visitors, she often stands behind the screen and listens, and then tells Su Shi what she thinks of her temperament. Su Shi is simple and unsuspecting. Wang Fu is his wife, Su Shi studies, and she is with him. This kind of tacit understanding may not exist in Wang Runzhi, who married Su Shi as a stepson after Wang Fu's early death. God took Wang Fu away and gave him a Wang Chaoyun. Hangzhou is really a good place.

So much for today's story. During Su Shi's political career, he served as Foreign Minister of Hangzhou twice. Later, in the fourth year of Yuan You (1089), Su Shi was 54 years old and served as the magistrate. Let's talk about the next story later.

This reference

Su Shichuan, Wang Shuizhao and Cui Ming

Selected works of Su Shuizhao