The difference between the predictability principle of weather forecast and climate forecast.

Weather forecast is to predict the weather conditions in a certain period in the future by applying the law of atmospheric change and according to the current and recent weather situation.

Climate prediction is to infer the possible trend of climate development in a certain period in the future according to the evolution law of the past climate.

Climate prediction is different from weather prediction. First, the latter is the prediction of specific weather conditions, while the former is the prediction of the average statistics of climate elements and weather conditions in a certain period. Secondly, the weather forecast is generally limited to the analysis of the physical processes of the atmosphere and hydrosphere, while the climate forecast must consider the exchange of energy and materials in the climate system including the atmosphere, ocean, continent, ice and snow, biosphere and the influence of astronomical factors. In addition, long-term climate prediction should also consider the impact of human activities on climate change.