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Hypertension means that the blood pressure of human body is obviously higher than normal. Although as a chronic disease, hypertension will not cause direct harm to the body, but it will threaten the patient's own health, indirectly lead to damage to other organs of the human body and endanger health.

At present, the number of patients with hypertension and diabetes in China is increasing year by year, but there is no specific medicine that can be completely cured, especially for patients with hypertension. The number of patients in China has reached 400 million. Once hypertension is diagnosed, it means taking medicine for life. Hypertension is especially terrible for the elderly, which will lead to many complications.

Hypertension refers to the clinical characteristics of systolic blood pressure140mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of 90mm Hg in human body, accompanied by organ damage such as heart, kidney and brain. Hypertension is a common chronic disease and the main cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Under normal circumstances, people's blood pressure will fluctuate within a certain range with the change of the surrounding environment, and the blood pressure level will gradually increase with age, especially systolic blood pressure.

Hypertension can generally be divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension, and the cause of primary hypertension is still unclear. Among patients with hypertension, 5% are caused by one or more specific diseases, which is called secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension can be treated by treating specific diseases.

Because the cause of hypertension is not clear, bad living habits and heredity will lead to hypertension. According to incomplete statistics, a large part of the occurrence of hypertension is closely related to patients' own bad living habits, so which bad living habits will lead to hypertension?

1, obesity

Under normal circumstances, if the patient's blood pressure rises due to obesity, the increase of blood pressure can be controlled by losing weight. Because if the human body is obese, it will increase the burden on the body and increase the blood lipid concentration, which will easily lead to abnormal changes in blood pressure.

Therefore, if you have obese hypertensive patients, you must lose weight in time. As long as you control your weight within a reasonable range, you can control your blood pressure.

2. heredity

Many studies have shown that hypertension is a polygenic genetic disease. According to the investigation and analysis, if both parents suffer from hypertension, the probability of their children suffering from hypertension in the future is as high as 45%. If one parent has high blood pressure, the probability that the child will have high blood pressure in the future is 28%. However, both parents are normal, and the probability of children suffering from hypertension in the future is only 3%.

3, the taste is too heavy

The main component of salt is sodium chloride. If the human body ingests too much salt, it will accumulate too much sodium chloride in the body, which will affect the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell and lead to high blood pressure. This is because when the human body ingests too much salt, it will also stimulate renin-angiotensin in the body, which will make the blood vessels contract abnormally and increase the pressure on the blood vessel wall.

4. Overpressure

At present, the pace of life is too fast, especially for young people, whose work and life are under great pressure, their wages can't make ends meet, their burdens are too heavy, and they have no outlet to vent, so their spirits will become more and more tense. Under the influence of high-intensity mental stress, there will be symptoms such as insomnia and malaise, which will easily lead to high blood pressure in the long run.

5, do not love sports

Research shows that proper exercise can effectively promote blood circulation, reduce lipid substances deposited in human blood vessels and avoid fat accumulation. Therefore, it is necessary to exercise more and improve your resistance, which can not only improve your physical fitness, but also effectively control your blood pressure.

6. Calcium deficiency

If the human body lacks calcium, it will also lead to high blood pressure. Hard water contains more calcium and magnesium ions, which can effectively regulate smooth muscle cells in human blood vessels. If it is lacking, the human body is prone to convulsions and eventually leads to high blood pressure. Therefore, we should drink more water rich in calcium and magnesium ions in daily life to supplement calcium.

At the same time, our diet should be diversified, and we should eat more calcium-rich foods in our daily life, such as dried bean curd, fish, tofu and dark vegetables such as broccoli, Chinese cabbage and cabbage. Especially for middle-aged and elderly people, with the growth of age, calcium in the human body is gradually lost, especially paying attention to calcium supplementation.

In the past, due to the limited medical level, the treatment of hypertension patients was only how to lower blood pressure. Although the patient's blood pressure has dropped, it is also accompanied by other side effects. Especially compound apocynum venetum tablets, compound antihypertensive drugs and nifedipine have great side effects.

With the continuous improvement of medical methods, many antihypertensive drugs with small side effects are now put into the market, and fewer and fewer people take these three antihypertensive drugs. But many patients are still taking these three drugs, so what side effects will these antihypertensive drugs bring?

1, compound apocynum venetum: compound apocynum venetum is a very common drug for hypertensive patients. The medicine is made by combining Chinese and western medicines, and its main components are promethazine hydrochloride, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici, dihydralazine sulfate and Folium Apocyni Veneti.

Promethazine hydrochloride and dihydralazine sulfate have great influence on human body, which can reduce the excitability of sympathetic nerve, accelerate blood flow, cause excessive heart rate and make people flustered.

At the same time, taking the medicine for a long time will also cause stomach pain, diarrhea and other adverse reactions, reducing human immunity. Although the antihypertensive effect is good, it is harmful to human body. It has been basically eliminated at present.

2. Nifedipine: Nifedipine, as one of the recommended drugs for treating hypertension at present, has short onset time and unstable effect.

There are many factors that affect blood pressure. Take this medicine, sometimes the effect may be good, sometimes the effect may be very unsatisfactory, especially unstable. Especially for the elderly, there are more uncertain factors. This kind of antihypertensive drug with poor stability can sometimes not only fail to lower blood pressure, but also cause harm to the elderly.

3, compound antihypertensive drugs: The biggest feature of this antihypertensive drug is its high cost performance. It can also ensure the effect of lowering blood pressure at a low price, so it is loved by many elderly people. However, one of the antihypertensive drugs is reserpine, which will also affect people's sympathetic nerves and have great side effects.

Patients will have symptoms such as drowsiness and fatigue after taking it, which may lead to depression after a long time. Moreover, this drug is harmful to people's kidneys and causes other complications. Now it is being phased out.

Facing more and more patients with hypertension, how to control blood pressure and effectively reduce complications has become increasingly important. Therefore, there are three new antihypertensive drugs, which have good antihypertensive effect and little side effects.

1, benidipine

Benidipine, as a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, has a certain blocking effect on the above three calcium channels. And the selectivity to blood vessels is 14 times that of nifedipine, which can well ensure the antihypertensive effect. In addition, benidipine is highly selective for some important arteries in human body.

Benidipine has obvious antihypertensive effect and mild action mode. It can be used for treating kidney damage caused by hypertension, protecting kidney, and reducing proteinuria caused by non-hypertension and other chronic kidney diseases. Therefore, this drug is particularly effective in treating hypertension in the elderly.

Studies have shown that the blood concentration of the drug can be reduced to zero after taking it for 7 hours. Although its half-life in plasma is only about 60 minutes, its antihypertensive effect can last for one day.

2. Alisartan Ester

Alisartan ester can be absorbed by human body in intestine, and after being completely hydrolyzed by esterase, it becomes a metabolite with pharmacological activity. This product can combine with angiotensin in human blood vessels, and finally play a role in lowering blood pressure.

This drug will not be directly metabolized by the human liver, which can effectively reduce the influence of drug components on the liver and reduce the risk. In the process of drug metabolism, it will not produce other irrelevant products, which can not only lower blood pressure, but also reduce side effects, which is safer for patients.

Alisartan ester is mainly used to treat moderate and mild hypertension, and it is more convenient for patients to take it only once a day. But it is not recommended to eat at the same time, because food will reduce the absorption of alisartan ester.

3. Shakubatriwar Sartin

Previously, shakubatravalsartan was the main drug to treat chronic heart failure, which could greatly reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure.

With the gradual in-depth study of the drug by medical staff, it is found that the drug has better and more stable antihypertensive effect compared with traditional antihypertensive drugs, especially at night. In addition, Shakubavasartan also has a good therapeutic and preventive effect on some hypertension complications, such as coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease and other complications.

Taking antihypertensive drugs is also very particular. Using the wrong method can not only control blood pressure, but also backfire.

Take medicine according to the change of temperature: the blood pressure of human body will change with the change of season and temperature. When the weather is cold, the dosage of antihypertensive drugs should be increased appropriately.

Some antihypertensive drugs can be appropriately reduced in autumn and summer. Pay attention to it day and night. Under normal circumstances, blood pressure drops at night and rises slightly during the day. When adjusting the dose, you should try to choose before the peak of blood pressure, and the effect is the most obvious.

Taking according to the characteristics of drugs: In the process of taking antihypertensive drugs, taking according to the characteristics of drugs themselves. At present, many antihypertensive drugs can be taken for a long time, and you can take 1-2 times within 24 hours, so you should take them regularly and quantitatively. With the continuous improvement of medical level, the half-life of drugs is gradually increased, which can be effective for a long time, sometimes taking 1-2 times a week can achieve the curative effect.

Starting from the minimum dose: In the process of treating hypertension, starting from the minimum dose can effectively reduce some problems caused by the strength of drug efficacy. After 7 days of medication, if the patient's blood pressure still does not drop significantly, it may be that the drug has no effect on the patient, and other drugs can be replaced at this time.

If the blood pressure remains stable for a period of time, the dose of the second drug should be gradually reduced until the blood pressure level and the "minimum dose" drug are kept at the expected level. The "minimum dose" of this drug is also called maintenance dose.

With the continuous improvement of living standards and quality, while enjoying life, people should pay more attention to self-discipline and ensure a healthy life and diet. At present, the number of patients with hypertension is increasing year by year, and the age of illness is getting younger and younger. Hypertension is not only a nightmare for the elderly, but also a global trend.

For patients with hypertension, it is necessary to know the update of antihypertensive drugs in time and choose antihypertensive drugs suitable for their physical condition in order to better treat hypertension. For people without hypertension, we should ensure good living habits and stay away from hypertension.