The original text of the first, second and third Chinese lessons in the last semester of the second day of junior high school.

1. Two news articles

China People's Liberation Army millions of troops crossed the Yangtze River.

Xinhua News Agency, at 22: 00 on the 22nd, a million troops of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) broke through the enemy lines from the front line of 1000, forcing them to cross the Yangtze River. Jiujiang in the west and Jiangyin in the east are the crossing areas of the PLA. From the night of 20th, the PLA Middle Route Army on the north bank of the Yangtze River first broke through the Anqing and Wuhu lines and crossed the river to Fanchang, Tongling, Qingyang, Digang and Lugang. In 24 hours, it has crossed 300,000 people. 2 1 5: 00 pm, our marked army started to cross the river in Jiujiang and Anqing. By the time of power generation, 350,000 PLA people have already passed two-thirds of the way, and the rest can be completed on 23rd. This road has now occupied the vast south bank positions of Guichi, Yinjiahui, Liu Dong, Zhide and Pengze, and is expanding to the south. Like the enemy situation encountered by the route army, the enemy of our marked army retreated face to face and had no fighting spirit. Our army met with weak resistance. On the one hand, this situation is irresistible, because the PLA is brave and good at fighting; On the other hand, this has a lot to do with the refusal of Kuomintang reactionaries to sign a peace agreement. The officers and men of the Kuomintang unanimously hope for peace and don't want to fight again. They were very depressed when they heard that Nanjing refused to make peace. War criminal Tang went to Wuhu to supervise the war on the 21st, which didn't help at all. Tang believes that the defense line in Jiangyin section of Nanjing is very strong, and its weakness only exists in Jiujiang line of Nanjing. Unexpectedly, it was the day when Tang arrived in Wuhu that the eastern defense line was broken by our army again. On the same day, 350,000 troops from East Road and West Road started crossing the river. All the scheduled plans have come true. By the time of power generation, most of the troops on the East Road have passed the south bank, and the rest can pass on the 23rd. The enemy here has a strong resistance. However, in the fierce battle from the afternoon of February/Kloc-0 to the afternoon of the 22nd, I have annihilated and defeated all the enemies of resistance, occupied vast areas in Yangzhong, Zhenjiang and Jiangyin counties, controlled Jiangyin fortress and blocked the Yangtze River. The vanguard of our army has cut off the railway line in Wuxi section of Zhenjiang.

Our army liberated Nanyang in the Central Plains.

Xinhua News Agency, Zhengzhou 1948, 165438+ 10, 5th. With the great victory of the People's Liberation Army, Wang Lingyun, the enemy on the defensive in Nanyang, fled south of the city on the afternoon of 4th, and our army immediately occupied Nanyang. Nanyang is Guwan County, where Cao Cao and Zhang Xiu fought during the Three Kingdoms period. Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, launched a war against Wang Mang here and established the post-Han Dynasty. According to folklore, most of Liu Xiu's 28 leading cadres were born in Nanyang. In the past year, Chiang Kai-shek attached great importance to Nanyang and set up the so-called appeasement zone there. During the Second Revolutionary Civil War and the War of Liberation, Chiang Kai-shek divided the whole country into several appeasement zones, and set up "appeasement offices" in the central cities of the zones to direct Kuomintang troops to attack the People's Army. Comfort, comfort, comfort. With Wang Lingyun as the commander, he tried to stop the People's Liberation Army from developing southward. Last month, Bai Chongxi used the strength of the three armies of stevie hoang Corps to operate for a whole month, trying to get through the transportation road between Xinyang and Nanyang, but it never achieved its goal. Recently, due to overall corruption, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to concentrate nearly 100 divisions of the entire southern front in two areas centered on Xuzhou and Hankou. He gave up Kaifeng two weeks ago, and now he has given up Nanyang. Since then, except Xinxiang and Anyang in northern Henan, Lingbao in western Henan, Kanxiang, Queshan, Xinyang, Huangchuan, Guangshan, Shopping Mall and Gushi in southern Henan, the whole of Henan has been liberated for me. (Editor's note: There are 1 1 cities in Henan Province, and I have11cities, and the enemy is only 10. ). In July last year, since the People's Liberation Army on the Southern Line began to March bravely behind enemy lines, in more than a year, in addition to annihilating a large number of regular Kuomintang troops, the greatest achievement was to restore and establish solid base areas in Dabie Mountain (Hubei, Henan and Anhui), western Anhui, western Henan, southern Shaanxi, Tongbai, Jianghan and Jianghuai (that is, eastern Anhui), and to create seven military regions. Except for the Jianghuai Military Region, which is under the jurisdiction of the Subei Military Region, all other military regions are under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Military Region. The Henan-Anhui Soviet area, the western Henan area, the southern Shaanxi area and the Tongbai area are now United and there are no obstacles from the enemy. These four military regions have been integrated with North China. Our armed forces have increased by about 200,000 people. Apart from making up for the consumption of fierce wars by field troops and local troops for more than a year, there should be greater development in the future. Bai Chongxi often said: "If you are not afraid of the * * production party, you are afraid that the * * production party will take root." He is afraid that he is right. We are in all areas of Jianghuai Hehan, not only trees, but also forests. Not only take root and sprout, but also flourish. In a short period of time in the second half of last year, we prematurely implemented the policy of dividing fields in this area and made some "Left" strategic mistakes. However, it was immediately corrected, and the experience of the Anti-Japanese War was widely used to implement the social policy of reducing rent and interest rates and the fiscal policy of reasonable burden at all levels. In this way, all social strata that may unite or be neutral will unite or be neutral, and concentrate on opposing the reactionary ruling forces of the Kuomintang and the rural minority bullies that are hated by the overwhelming majority of the people. This strategy has obviously succeeded, and the enemy has been completely isolated. With the cooperation of our powerful field army and local troops, the enemies trapped in isolated strongholds such as Kaifeng and Nanyang had to abandon the city and flee. Wang Lingyun's troops on the defensive in Nanyang, namely the Second Army, the Sixty-fourth Army and some vigilante groups, are fleeing to Xiangyang. Xiangyang is also the so-called "appeasement area" of the Kuomintang. Kang Ze, the first commander, was captured and took over from Song Xilian transferred from Xinjiang. Recently, Song Xilian was promoted to deputy commander-in-chief and director of Xuzhou frontline command post to replace the former Du. Du Gang flew from Xuzhou to the northeast, suffered a fiasco in World War I and fled to Huludao. Wang Lingyun went to Xiangyang, probably to replace Song Xilian as commander. But from Nanyang to Xiangyang, it didn't go far. Xiangyang is still an isolated stronghold. If Wang Lingyun doesn't escape, Kang Ze's fate awaits him.

2. Lu Hua Dang

At night, the enemy stared at the big dark reed pond from the small window of the turret, and the stars in the sky seemed to be immersed in the water and were about to fall. Late at night, waterfowl fly and sing in the reed pond. During the day, they hide in their nests to avoid gunfire. The reed is still trying so hard to drill up, and the goal seems to be the sky.

The enemy watched the reed pond. They are wary of someone bringing firewood to the people in the reed pond, and they are also wary of the team running out. Our team has no plans to retreat yet. But if it is a clear night with a clear moon and a clear wind, people's eyes will be sharper and they can see a boat coming out of the reed pond and heading southeast like reed leaves in the lake. After midnight, the boat floated back, and the cabin was full of rice, oil and salt, sometimes with one or two cadres from afar.

The boatman is an old man in his late sixties. This ship is a sharp one. The old man, wearing only a pair of blue shabby shorts, stood at the stern with a penny in his hand.

The old man has little meat and is as thin as an old osprey. However, the tanned face and short white beard are particularly energetic, but those deep-set eyes are particularly bright. It is rare to see such sharp and bright eyes, except on Baiyangdian Lake.

Old people go in and out of the water store every night, and their work scope is very wide: internal and external transportation, grain and grass transportation, and cadre escort; And there is no gun. He said to the responsible comrades in Tang Wei: You depend on me for everything, and my water supply and all insurance depend on my ability.

The old man is overconfident and self-respecting. Every night, on the water tightly blocked by the enemy, like an innocent man, he propped up the boat according to the leisurely mood of going out early and returning late to fish and cast nets, and fabricated things that made him happy and made others happy.

Because of him, the enemy's wishes have not come true.

Every evening, the songs in the reed pond are still so loud, unlike those sung by hungry people; The reed pond also smells of rice and fat fish. The enemy is very worried.

One night, the old man came back from the Far East. The curved and drooping moon floats in the watery sky. The old man brought two girls back. The children rolled around in the rain of bullets for more than a month and all got malaria. Yesterday, they came here to look for a team and wanted to have a rest and get an injection in the reed pond.

The old man likes these two children very much: the older one is called Daling and the younger one is called Erling. When they were put on the boat, the old man let them sleep. He said, there is nothing wrong. Sleep in peace. We still have rice and fish to eat in the reed pond.

The children were never quiet in the gunfire and were very nervous. At the slightest sound, closed eyes will open again. Now I am in such a fresh place, with water and a boat, and I can't sleep. A face with a long-term fever is much fresher when the wind blows at night.

The immediate environment seems to be a dream. Rolling in the enemy's gunfire, spending the night in the rain in sorghum fields, I don't know how many cars I have to cross and climb several ditches in one night. The child had a high fever, shivering and didn't stop. I think: find a team, just find a team!

These are the girls in central Hebei. The eldest is only fifteen, and the youngest is only thirteen. They marched on the road in their hometown and looked at the Beidou in the horizon. They looked at the yellow buds of wheat in early summer and sorghum drying rice in Mid-Autumn Festival. The geese flew south over their heads, and soon they flew north. They have grown up.

The little girl was lying on the side of the boat, searching in the water with two small hands. Her feverish hand was comfortable in cold water, so she grabbed one and threw it on her face, which was covered with thick mud and sweat. She washed it clean, even her short hair. The older one whispered to her:

"Look at you, then wash your face? When, still so clean! "

The little girl looked up at the old man and said with a smile:

"It's refreshing to wash!"

The old man said:

"Don't be afraid, wash it, what a handsome child!"

In the distance, there was a gloomy yellow light, and suddenly it turned to their boat. The girl let out a cry by twiddling her dripping hair. The old man said:

"Don't be afraid, the searchlight on the small steamboat can't shine on us."

He squatted down and took the boat around the north. Yellow light still shines around, once on the water and once in the distant Woods.

The old man whispered:

"Don't talk, you have to cross the blockade!"

The ship moved quietly, but quickly. When the boat and the little black steamboat stood on a horizontal line, the searchlight suddenly shone on them and stopped. The two girls' faces were as white as snow, and then they fired a shuttle machine gun.

The old man shouted "get down", jumped into the water as soon as he landed and pushed the boat forward with both hands. The big girl held the little girl in her arms, fell on the bottom of the boat and covered her with her body.

Bullets squeaked into the water beside their boat, and some exploded at the sight of the water.

The older girl was hurt. Although she didn't scream or hum, her arm lost its strength, and she could no longer hold the young one. She fell down. The little one felt something hot on his face, so he got up quickly, held the big one in his arms and cried to the old man with tears:

"She hung flowers!"

The old man didn't hear, desperately pushed the boat forward, or whispered:

"Not afraid. He can't hit us! "

"She hung flowers!"

"who?" The old man's body jumped up, and then the boat tilted badly. The old man felt that his hands and feet suddenly lost their strength. He grabbed the stern with his hand, followed it for a few steps, and then pushed forward desperately.

They are close to the reed pond. When the old man climbed onto the boat, he felt that his old eyes were a little dim. However, after all, he used a pole to open the outside layer of reeds and found the narrow entrance.

As soon as he entered the reed pond, he put down the pole and lifted the big girl's head.

The girl opened her eyes slightly and said with difficulty:

"I don't mind. Send us to the reed pond quickly! "

The old man sat down feebly and the boat stopped there. The moon went down, and there was some rustling wind in the reed pond after midnight. The old man sighed and paused for a long time before saying:

"I can't send you in."

The little girl opened her eyes and asked:

"Why?"

The old man looked straight ahead and said:

"I'm ashamed to see anyone."

The little girl is a little anxious. I met such a tour guide on the road, but I didn't want to bring it halfway. It was embarrassing. She likes to tell the old man:

"Old comrades, you are quick to send us in. You can see that she has lost a lot of blood. We have to find a doctor to dress her up! "

The old man stood up, picked up the pole and persisted. The boat detoured into the depths of the reed pond.

At this time, the injured man groaned in pain. The little girl comforted her, but she seemed to complain. It doesn't matter how nervous she is along the way. Who knew this place, but ... it went through the old man's heart like a renju arrow. He couldn't explain: how many rivers and seas he crossed, and why he didn't finish the task this time? I have no children. How lovely these two children are! Usually talk big, this time I went in with a flower-hanging person. How can I speak? This old face! He called Daling and said:

"They hurt you and shed so much blood. I'll call them ten to bleed tomorrow! "

The two children didn't answer, and the old man felt despised. He said:

"If you don't believe me, I won't tell you. Who made a fool of me? However, wait until dawn, you will understand! "

The little girl said:

"You are so old, can you still fight?"

The old man ruthlessly say:

"Why not? I don't have to shoot them, that's not my skill. Those who want to see it, come and see it tomorrow! Erling, come with me tomorrow. Busy! "

At noon the next day, the weather was very sultry. On the day of a red sun, a layer of smoke floated on the water. The small steamboat sailed farther away from the reed pond, and the devils sneaked down to take a bath. A dozen devils are swimming in the water. Japanese style is really good. There is no figure in the lake, only a group of white silky waterfowl, which also fly away from the devil to the north and fall under the big lotus leaf to enjoy the cool. But a boat came out of Lianhua Lake. A thin old man, wearing only a pair of tattered shorts, stood at the stern, propped up one by one, but his hands were busy peeling off the fat lotus flowers and throwing them into his mouth one by one.

There is such a big bundle of lotus leaves on his bow, which has just been picked from Lianhua Lake. If you can't reach Baiyangdian, where can you eat such fresh things? I have been in Baiyangdian for a few days, and the devil is still staring at Lianhua Lake. They shouted at the boat.

The old man looked at them and then lowered his head. There are still poles to support the boat and peel the lotus leaves. The ship is coming here slowly.

The ship is still a stone's throw away from the devil, as if the old man had just realized that it was the devil who took a bath. After only one stroke, the boat slipped around and went back. The demons beat the water and chased him. The old man panicked, but the boat did not move. The demons followed him closely.

At present, there are several piles of dead wood buried in the water, which will last for a long time. Maybe people forgot why they were buried. The level here is like a mirror, clear as the blue sky, and slender aquatic plants float gently under the water. The devil caught up with them, took a look and got on the boat. The old man is another pole. The boat whirled around the devils like a whirlwind, and the fragrance of lotus leaves swept over their noses. The devils seem to be playing hide-and-seek, turning around, chasing, chasing.

A devil let out a scream and squatted in the water. He was bitten hard by something and a sharp hook penetrated his thigh. The other devils scattered around in surprise, and everyone's calf was hooked. They struggled to break free from the snake-shaped hook. All the hooks to avenge the girl were found on the legs, some two, some three. The demons screamed in pain, but they dared not move any more.

The old man supported the boat to their side, raised the pole and hit the devil on the head, just like hitting stubborn old corn.

He knocked heavily and glanced at the reed pond. There, fresh reed flowers, a piece of unfolded purple velvet, floated in the wind.

On the edge of the reed pond, under the reed flowers, a girl covered her body with dense reed leaves and watched the heroic behavior.

Step 3: candles

That morning, five Red Army decided to attack the bridge. They must climb a Little Square first. There are several burnt tanks and armored vehicles scattered in the square, some of which are German and some of which are ours. Only one tree has not fallen. It seems that a pair of magical hands cut off its upper body, leaving only a person's high lower body.

In the middle of the square, the five of us were caught up by the mortar fire of the enemy on the other side. They lay on the ground for half an hour under gunfire. Finally, the fire became a little smaller, and two minor injuries climbed back with two serious injuries. The fifth is dead, lying in the square.

As for the deceased, we learned from the company's roster that his name was Chekhov and he died on the sava river in Belgrade on the morning of 19.

The red army's sneak attack attempt must have frightened the Germans. They always bombard the square and nearby streets with mortars all day, with only a few short breaks.

The company commander was ordered to occupy the bridge at dawn the next day. Therefore, he said, there is no need to move back to Chekhov's body at this time and bury him after capturing the bridge tomorrow.

German artillery fired until the sun went down.

On one side of the square, a few steps away from other houses, a pile of rubble stands tall, and its true colors can hardly be seen. No one would have thought that anyone lived here.

However, in the cellar under this pile of rubble, there lived an old woman named Mary Yuxi. A black hole half hidden by bricks is the entrance to the cellar.

The old lady Yu Qixi used to live on the second floor of that house, which was left to her by her dead man, the night watchman guarding the bridge. The second floor was destroyed by gunfire, so she moved downstairs, and everyone who lived downstairs had moved away. Later, the downstairs was destroyed and the old woman moved to the cellar.

19 is her fourth day in the cellar. This morning, she clearly saw five Red Army soldiers climb to the square, and there was only a twisted iron railing between the square and her. She saw German guns aimed at five Red Army soldiers, and shells exploded around them. She climbed out of the cellar to greet the five Red Army soldiers she greeted. She thought her own place was safer, but as soon as she climbed out of the cellar, a shell landed nearby and exploded. The old woman was deafened by the shock. Her head hit the wall and she lost consciousness.

When she woke up, she looked over there again. Only one of the five Red Army remained in the square. The Red Army lay on its side, with one arm stretched out and the other arm resting under its head, as if trying to lie comfortably. The old woman called him several times but didn't answer, only to know that he was dead.

The Germans fired again, and the shells exploded in this Little Square, and the black soil turned straight up like a pillar. Debris stripped the branches of the remaining trees. The Soviet lay alone in the open square, one arm resting under his head, surrounded by bent iron blocks and charred trees.

Old Mary Yuqishi looked at the soldier who died in the battle for a long time. She wanted to tell someone about it. But, needless to say, there is not even a living thing nearby. Even the cat who had been with her for four days in the cellar was killed by the rubble that had just exploded. The old woman thought for a long time, then reached out and found something in her only pocket, put it in her arms and slowly climbed out of the cellar.

She can't climb or run fast. She just straightened up and staggered slowly towards the square. A complete iron railing stood in front of her, and she was not going to cross it. She was too old to pass, so she slowly bypassed the iron railing and walked into the square.

The Germans were still shelling, but none of the shells hit the old woman's side.

She crossed the square and walked beside the Soviet soldiers who died in battle. She turned the body over hard. I saw his face, very young and pale. She arranged his hair gently, and with great effort, she bent his already stiff arm and covered his chest. Then she sat down beside him.

The Germans are still firing, but as before, those shells are far away from the old man.

So, she sat there quietly for an hour, maybe two hours.

It's cold and the air is quiet. There was no sound except the crackle of shells.

She finally stood up and left the dead man. After a few steps, she immediately found what she wanted: a big bullet hole. This came out a few days ago. Now, some water has accumulated in that pit.

The old woman knelt in the pit and scooped water with her palm. After drinking a few spoonfuls, she needs to have a rest. After all, she scooped up all the water in the pit. So she went back to the dead man, put her hand under his arm and dragged him away.

The road is not far, less than ten steps at a time, but she is old and has to sit down and rest three times. Finally, she finally dragged the dead into the crater. She was exhausted and sat there for a long time, maybe an hour.

The German artillery fire never stopped, but the shells still landed far away from the old woman.

After enough rest, the old woman knelt beside the deceased, drew a cross on the deceased with her hand and kissed the deceased's lips and forehead.

Then, she picked up the floating soil around the crater with both hands (there are so many floating soil) and slowly put it on the dead body. Soon the dead were completely covered with mud. The old woman is not satisfied. She wants to build a real grave. After another rest, she picked up the soil and continued to cover it. For several hours, she held one after another and actually built a small grave.

German artillery is still shelling, but, as before, the shells are far away from the old woman.

After the tomb was built, the old woman took out what she had held in her arms when she left the cellar from under her big black scarf. It's a big candle. She married it 45 years ago and has been reluctant to use it. It has been treasured ever since.

She fumbled in her pocket for a long time and pulled out a match. She put a big candle on the top of the tomb and lit it. There was no wind that night, and the flame of the candle went straight up and down without shaking at all. Facing the candlelight, the old woman sat motionless in front of the grave, her hands crossed on her chest and covered with a big black scarf.

When the shell exploded, the flame of the candle shook. But several times, the shells landed quite close and the candles were blown out by the explosion wind. Once, it was knocked down. The old woman took out the match and patiently lit the candle again.

It's almost dawn. The candle is burning out. The old woman searched everywhere on the ground and finally found a small rusty tin can. With thin fingers, she bent the jar into a semicircle and inserted it in the soil next to the candle as a wind barrier. After the arrangement, she stood up and walked slowly across the square, bypassing the iron railings that had not fallen and returning to the cellar.

Before dawn, Chekhov's Red Army Company, under the cover of heavy artillery fire, went straight to the square and occupied the bridge.

An hour or two later, it was already dawn. Red Army tanks followed the infantry across the bridge. The battle is going on across the river, and no more shells fall on the square.

At that time, the company commander sent several soldiers to find Chekhov's body and planned to bury him with the soldiers who died this morning.

The soldiers searched everywhere for Chekolayev's body, but they couldn't find it. Suddenly, a soldier shouted in surprise.

"Look!" The red army said.

Everyone looked in the direction he pointed.

Near the destroyed iron railing, stands a small grave. A candle, with rusty iron beside it, blocked the wind, and a soft flame shone on the grave. The candle is almost finished, and the wick is almost submerged by wax tears, but the little spark is still flashing.

The Red Army soldiers standing in front of the grave immediately took off their hats. They stood quietly around the grave, watching the fading candlelight.

Just then, a tall old woman with a big black scarf came over. She silently walked past the Red Army, knelt in front of the grave and took out another candle from under the big black scarf. This one is exactly the same as the one on the grave, and it is obviously a pair. The old woman bent down to pick up the candle head, lit a new one and inserted it in the old place. It was difficult for her to move when she stood up, and the nearest Red Army soldier carefully lifted her up.

Even at this moment, the old woman didn't speak. She just raised her eyes, glanced at the people standing with their hats off, and bowed deeply to them very solemnly. Then, she adjusted her big black scarf and left trembling. Didn't look back, looking at candles and soldiers.

The Red Army soldiers watched her go away. They talked quietly, as if afraid of disturbing the solemn atmosphere. They crossed the square, crossed the bridge, caught up with their company and went into battle.

In this land charred by gunfire, between the bent iron and the burnt trees, the only thing cherished by this Yugoslav mother, her wedding candle, is brightly located in the grave of a Soviet youth.

The flame will not go out at this time. It will burn forever, just like a mother's tears, just like a son's bravery, so immortal.