Was the Tang Dynasty really powerful? ~

How many years did the Tang Dynasty flourish? More than ten years

Prosperity is a prosperous population and territorial expansion. In the early Tang Dynasty, the population was too small to compare with that of Yang Guang. In the later period, the population came up, but the territory shrank. So strictly speaking, the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty did not exist. If we relax the standards and talk about the population, the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty will last for more than ten years.

How did the saying that the Tang Dynasty flourished for 800 years come from? His rule was only about 300 years. The prosperous times of the Tang Dynasty were 627-649 and 7 13-754 in Zhenguan and Kaiyuan periods, respectively, because the Anshi Rebellion broke out in 755. In 774, it was the Dali period in Tang Daizong. Although the Anshi Rebellion was put down, the central government lost control of Hebei and other areas.

How many years did the Tang Dynasty flourish?

The prosperous period of the Tang Dynasty was only over ten years, because it was not until the Kaiyuan period that the population of the Tang Dynasty recovered to the level of the Yang Guang era of the Sui Dynasty, and soon after that, the Anshi Rebellion occurred. If the population is not as good as the evil Yang Guang, can it still be called a prosperous time? The Tang Dynasty was the greatness of Confucian disciples.

1

Regarding Ma Zhou, Emperor Taizong said: "The people are the foundation of governing the world. If you want to make folk music, it is only in the secretariat and county magistrate. " Emperor Taizong also said: "It is better to choose a person than to see the official department, but to take his words, knives and pens, and I don't know the scenery." A few years later, the traces of evil began to appear. Although the punishment has been aggravated, the people have suffered greatly. "["Zhenguan Politicians Collection School "Volume III" On Selecting Officials "Chapter VII]] It can be seen that Zhenguan's prosperous time is not without corrupt officials.

It is worth noting that later generations envied the rule of literary circles in the Han Dynasty and Guan Zhen in the Tang Dynasty, but people at that time did not boast of being prosperous. In fact, the Wenjing era in the Han Dynasty was an era of frivolous tax payment, recuperation and accumulation of national strength. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Jia Yi described the situation as dangerous and said, "When you sleep on it, the fire will not burn because it is safe." [Han Shu Juan 48 Jia Yi Chuan] It was not until Emperor Han Jing put down the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms that the ruling party of the Han Dynasty was stable. Even if a rough observation is made, Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty and Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty obviously have political defects.

The Tang Dynasty is different from the Han Dynasty. In the seventh year of Wude (A.D. 624), the large-scale war at the end of Sui Dynasty subsided, and the rule of Zhenguan was obviously intended to recuperate. In the sixth year of Zhenguan (A.D. 632), he said, "Today, from Iraq and Luoyang in the east, it is vast and vast, and thousands of miles away, people are cut off, chickens and dogs are ignorant, and roads are depressed." The statement that kanto region has not yet recovered to the level of the heyday of the Sui Dynasty is reflected in the collection of Zhenguan dignitaries, Volume II, Speak Out and Controversy. Emperor Taizong said that "the world is a little safer, so we must be cautious." [Zhenguan Politician School (Volume 1) The second regime] In the thirteenth year of Zhenguan (AD 639), Wei Zhi played the first part, warning the emperor that "it cannot be stopped gradually". [Zhenguan Politician School] In the last years of Zhenguan, ladies-in-waiting poured Xu Hui to remonstrate with Emperor Taizong, still emphasizing that "those who are big in business are easy to be arrogant" and "those who are good at the beginning are difficult to end", hoping that the emperor would "keep the beginning and protect the end". 【 《 Zhenguan Politicians Set School 》 Volume 9 《 On the Thirty-fifth Crusade 》】 It can be seen that Wei Zhi and others, even maid-in-waiting Xu Hui, are concerned about trying to rectify the country's infirmity and make faces.

2

The Historical Romance of China written by Mr. Cai Dongfan describes the history of each generation in detail. I think its comments in Tang Shi are very interesting. Take it out and comment!

At the beginning of the topic, Teacher Cai made a general comment on the characteristics of each generation, which was very distinctive. He said: "Xue, Jin, Tang Gui, Song snot, don't be slovenly."

As for why you say "Tang turtle", let's start by saying: According to legend, turtles and snakes are friends, and you can't do it from time to time. Therefore, adultery between a husband and his wife is often called a turtle.

What is the solution to "cheating"?

Cai Lao started from Tang Gaozu, the founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Gaozu once took the concubines of Jin Yanggong as maids (actually designed by Li Shimin, Liu Wenjing and Pei Ji), but he was afraid that Yang-ti wouldn't carry a turtle and wanted to find fault with him. He couldn't attack Sui at the instigation of others, so he got away with it. But heaven is good, you want people to be turtles, and people want your children to be turtles.

The following Emperor Taizong and Emperor Gaozong were the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, but it is not clear in the palace. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, shot and beheaded his brother through the Xuanwumen incident, killing the five sons he founded and Yuanji's five sons to avoid future troubles, but he took Yuanji's wife into his arms and turned his dead emperor brother into a turtle. Emperor Gaozong took Wu Zetian (a gifted scholar in Li Shimin) to be the tortoise of Emperor Taizong. Wu Zetian made a big face and was as brave and handsome as Changzong. She was called into the palace one by one and became a lucky minister, and really made herself a tortoise. In the future, Wei Houshi was very fond of him, and wanted to learn from Wu Zetian and let Emperor Zhongzong win the bid for the tortoise, not to mention Yuhuan washing his son (Yang Yuhuan was the birthday princess, and Emperor Tang Ming let his son be the tortoise first), and Lushan grabbed milk, which seemed to be the French style of the Li family in the Tang Dynasty.

Cai Lao said with a smile: Yuan is a secret biography, and turtles are not uncommon. (This refers to Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow)

The green headscarf worn by the Li family led to the eunuchs who relied on power to gain power, and led to the buffer zone with foreign self-respect. It's really difficult at home and abroad, and Li Jiahe's vitality in the Tang Dynasty is failing day by day.

Sigh said, "Why come to Gao Lishi if you don't spoil Princess Shou? Not near the big belly? Why are there three knots? Turtle slave turtle, playing with the platform, is in charge of the military power, so the line has different effects. You fight for me and everyone is happy to draw a gourd to capture the turtle emperor. " In this way, it will be difficult to return to the book after a long time. Eunuchs can murder emperors, and generals can expel commanders. "Father, the tenth army, the war raged everywhere (referring to eunuch Tian as the emperor's father and commander in chief of the army), the ministers of the three towns, and the military forces of the three towns (referring to Wang Xingyu, Li,, and other three towns who were dissatisfied with the policy of reducing Francisco and invaded Chang 'an). Huang Chao killed eight million people and committed dozens of crimes. "

The emperor at the end of the Tang dynasty, although seemingly respected in the south, sat in the court like a puppet. Today he was locked up, tomorrow he was robbed, and the day after tomorrow he was abolished for murder. Even if the emperor and his wife committed treason, Jiangshan was easily taken away by Zhu Asan, who used to be a hooligan in Dangshan (now Suzhou, Anhui).

Cai Lao finally said: this Tang legend has made three arguments. The first section is the female disaster, the second section is the castration disaster, and the third section is the Fan Zhen disaster, which came into being in turn and eventually perished. If the fundamental problem is solved, it will actually lead to various bad consequences. Therefore, when judging, the simplest three words were used, called Tang Wangba, which means that one word is really called Wang Ba.

Cai Lao's Romance of Tang Shi is still very distinctive. This Tang Shi is also the most glorious era in our history. Emperor Taizong's sentence "Anyone who dares to offend me in the Tang Dynasty will be punished for thousands of miles" is simply swallowing Wan Li. Li Shimin, such a brilliant man, molested his son Li Zhi at the bedside before he died, and he must be a turtle after his death. Is indeed a major feature of the imperial concubine system in China!

three

Expose the lie of "chastity law"

The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty was written by people in the Tang Dynasty. I don't like reading this book very much, because it boasts that Li Shimin has gone too far, gone too far, or distorted it. For example, he killed his brother, imprisoned his father, and was tampered with as someone else wanted to murder him. Why did the prince murder you? Then there was defeat, so I won't mention it. For example, conquering South Korea is sometimes more glorious than victory. For example, the Korean war was obviously defeated, but it was boasted.

Interested netizens can look at History of Song Dynasty, History of Ming Dynasty, or Draft of Qing Dynasty to see if these biographies of emperors in history are as creepy as Old Books of Tang Dynasty written by Tang people. The history book I saw, Old Tang Book, is the most shameless one.

The reason why I want to read "Old Tang Shu" is because I want to test how great the great "rule of chastity" in the textbook is. Because it was written by the Tang people, it will never be ugly, but try to exaggerate the beautiful side. It's a pity that after reading the biography of Emperor Taizong, "the rule of Zhenguan" is not as wonderful as some people in textbooks and online. Examples are as follows:

What is said on the internet is "the rule of Zhenguan", and what is said in the book is "the wind of Zhenguan". I think "the rule of Zhenguan" was invented by later generations. There is a simple reason. At that time, the registered permanent residence, population and territorial area were not as good as those in the Yang Guang era. If this is called "the rule of Zhenguan", should the Yang Guang era be called "the rule of great cause" or even "the prosperity of great cause"?

Emperor Yang Di was vilified, which was done by people in Li Shimin to highlight his literature and martial arts. However, Li Shimin is inferior to Yang Di in literature and military affairs. In the Li Shimin era, the Turks signed the "Weishui Alliance" and the "Empty Treasury" and gave the money to the Turks. As far as literacy rate is concerned, the population of Li Shimin era never reached the level of Yang Guang era. It was not until Li Longji's time that the population of the Tang Dynasty could be compared with that of Yang Di's time. In the middle of the Great Cause of Yang Di, the population was 8.9 million, and Tianbao in the 14th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was 89 100. In other words, the so-called rule of chastity is, to a great extent, the natural recovery of population and economy after the war, and it is not as good as touted. Attention is the rule of chastity, not the prosperity of chastity, which explains the problem. As far as personal literary talent is concerned, Li Shimin can't catch up with Yang Guang.

Yang guang's death was a complete accident. He died of Yu Wenhuaji's murder. If he had not died, the so-called peasant uprising would not have overthrown the Sui Dynasty. This truth is very simple to explain. The Li family were courtiers of the Sui Dynasty and even relatives of Yang Guang. Under the banner of revenge, the Li family finally put down the rebellion and unified the Central Plains. If he hadn't been assassinated, the Li family, a courtier of the Sui Dynasty, could have suppressed the uprising.

In the past five years, Yang Guang personally presided over the huge project of the Grand Canal. The National Library has a collection of 370,000 books, the highest in China, and the imperial examination system was formally established. The territory of the Sui Dynasty was 590 counties, 1255 counties, with 8.9 million households controlled by the imperial court and a population of 46.03 million. It is 9300 li long from east to west and 148 15 li long from north to south. "Zi Tong Zhi Jian" said: "The prosperity of the Sui family is extremely here."

Li Shimin's "The Rule of Zhenguan": "The amount of land reclamation in Zhenguan era is only one-third less than that in Sui Dynasty, and the household registration in Zhenguan seventeen years is less than three million, less than half of that in Daye." History as a Mirror: "(eleven years of Zhenguan) Therefore, the land of the Tang Dynasty is bordered by the sea in the east, Yanqi in the west, Lin Yi in the south and desert in the north, all of which are states and counties, with a length of 9,510 miles from east to west and 1,918 miles from north to south. In the eleventh year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan, the territory was 9,510 miles from east to west and 9,918 miles from north to south. (95 10 times 109 18 is equal to 103830 108) Yang Di the Great's five-year territory is 9300 Li, north and south 148 15 Li. (9300 times 148 15 equals 137779500) Five years of Sui Daye 13779500 eleven years of Bitang Zhenguan 103830 108, with a large territory of 33944.

People often say that during the period of "Zhenguan rule", the roads were not connected and the households were not closed at night, which does not exist in the book. On the contrary, you can see that the people at that time sold their children and women, and the government had to provide relief because of natural disasters and plagues. There are all kinds of peasant uprisings and rebellions.

The most interesting thing about this book is how Li Shimin didn't believe in immortals, and then he recorded his alchemy. Li Shimin also died of the dream of becoming an immortal. I don't know whether the historian is confused or deliberately playing with Li Shimin. Superstitions in Xiandao, like Qin Shihuang, who swallowed gold and died, are suicide. Emperor Taizong once laughed at the use of Dan medicine by Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi, and it is the same now.

After ten years of Zhenguan, Wei Zhi found himself "keeping his word" and almost killed Wei Zhi, and Emperor Taizong began to decline. It's vicious to destroy Wei Zhi's tombstone. Let Liu Yue kill himself. Liu Yue (? ~ 645) His qualifications are similar to Wei's, and the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty was also a loyal minister who dared to tell the truth. He was careless and outspoken, and Wu Zetian was rehabilitated in the big week.

Grand Palace, corruption: The palace is decorated with gold and jade, and a large number of women are selected to enter the palace. In the sixteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong issued a decree forbidding other organs to restrict the things used by the prince, which caused serious waste of the prince. Emperor Taizong himself began to build palaces. In the eleventh year of Zhenguan, Feishan Palace was built in Luoyang, the eastern capital, and Cuiwei Palace was built in the twenty-first year.

Attached to the original:

Authors: Shen Shao, etc.

The second emperor of this era, Emperor Taizong.

In nine years, the crown prince was established, and the king of Qi Yuanji killed Taizong. On June 4th, Emperor Taizong led Wuji, Fang, Du Ruhui, Yu, Gao Shilian, Hou, Qin, Duan Zhixuan, Qu Tutong and Zhang Shigui to be executed by Xuanwumen. Jia Zi's appointment as the Crown Prince was decided by ordinary politics.

In August, Guihai and Gaozu lived in the position of Crown Prince, and Taizong ascended the throne in the Xiande Hall of the East Palace.

JOE, Turkic Lijie, Tulikoujing area. Yihai, Turkic invasion, martial law in the capital. Bingzi, make the princess queen. Jimao, Turk Kougaoling. March manager Xin San, Wei Chijingde and the Turks fought in Jingyang, broke it and beheaded more than a thousand people. To Wei, Turkic valerian, as for the north of Weihe Bridge, sent its chieftain commander to Chaoslap, took advantage of the situation, and Taizong ordered him to go to prison. Kissing the Xuanwu Gate, Liu Chixing rode the Weihe River, talked with Li Jie across Tianjin, and was responsible for breaking the contract. When all the troops arrived, Valerian was arrested when he saw that he was full of military ability and ideas. Because he was very afraid, he asked for peace and wrote a letter to Yan Xu. Go back to the palace today Yiyou, fortunately, took the temporary bridge, formed an alliance with Valerian, and the Turks withdrew. In September, in Xu Bing, valerian offered 3,000 horses and 10,000 sheep, which the emperor refused to accept, and valerian returned his plundered China account.

In the spring of the first year of Zhenguan, correct the month. Xin Chou, the king of Yan County, Li Yi, was found beheaded and spread to the capital.

In the summer of April, Liangzhou satrap and Changle Wang Youliang committed crimes.

At noon in December, the courtiers said, "Immortals are vain, but they are famous. Qin Shihuang was not crazy about hobbies and was cheated by alchemists. He sent thousands of men, women and children to the sea with Xu Fu to ask for fairy medicine, and the alchemist avoided Qin's abuse because he could not return. The first emperor wandered by the sea and died in the sand dunes. In order to live forever, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty married a woman to a Taoist priest and put her to death when there was no test. According to these two things, immortals get something for nothing. " Li Zhou, Yi 'an, Wang Xiaochang Governor Wu Shen and Right Wuwei General Liu Deyu rebelled and overthrew them. I am old, hungry in Guanzhong, and I am married to both men and women.

In the second year, Ding Mao sent Yu Shi Du Yan to inspect the customs of each state. Out of the imperial palace, redeemed men and women and returned them to their parents. Geng Wu, Amnesty world.

In summer and April, if bones are exposed, they will be buried. At the beginning of the imperial edict, all the counties in the world were put in the same warehouse. Liang Shi, a thief and handsome teacher in Zhou Xia, was killed by his father and brother Luo Ren and surrendered to the city.

In August, frost was severe in Henan and Hebei, and people were hungry and cold.

In October, Wu Zixu killed Lv Zushang, the secretariat of Yingzhou.

In three years, Wuji and Fang were sent to the famous mountains and rivers for rain, and Du, a calligrapher from China, went to the states inside Shanhaiguan Pass to comfort them.

In the afternoon of November in winter, West Turkic and Gaochang sent envoys to pay tribute. On the fifth day of December, sudden Khan came to run. But Du Ruhui resigned due to illness and agreed. 18 years old, the Ministry of Housing said: China has1200,000 men and women from the Great Wall, who are attached to the Turks in front and back, and opened up four places to become counties.

In the first month of the spring of four years, Li Jing, the chief officer of Dingxiang Road, was defeated by the Turks, and was sent to the capital by Xiao Shi, the queen of the Sui Dynasty, and Sun Zhengdao, the grandson of the emperor.

On July 1 day, 2005, envoys were sent to destroy the view of Beijing established by North Korea, collect the bones of Sui people and offer sacrifices for burial.

In December, 2006, Xin Wei personally recorded the prisoners, and 290 people were sentenced to death at home, so as to be sentenced at the end of next autumn.

On the fifth day of the first month in the spring of seven years, Zhao Yue said, "Brother Zhiji, Sima Dekun, Pei Gantong,,, Yang Jian, Tang Fengyi, Niu, Yuan Min,,, Wu Yingda, Li Xiaoban, Li Xiaozhi, Zhang Kai, Xu Hongren, Linghu Xingda, Xi Defang and Li. However, he was fierce and afraid, neglected loyalty, and was in Jiangdu, so he rebelled, and he was guilty of everything. Although it is the previous generation, it has been a long time, and the evil in ancient and modern times should be abandoned. It is appropriate to set up a heavy code to enlighten the minister. Their children and grandchildren should be imprisoned, so don't talk. "

In August, there were floods in thirty states in Shandong and Henan, and relief was sent.

In July of eight years, it began to take the rank of General Yunhui as its subordinate product. There are landslides in Longyou, and big snakes are common. Send relief T-shirts for floods in Shandong, Henan and Huainan.

Dinghai in November, Tugu Hunkou Liangzhou. I am ugly, and I was arrested for Zhao Morality.

In the spring and March of nine years, Qiang soldiers rebelled and killed Cishikong.

In May, Emperor Taizong collapsed in Da 'an Palace.

In the first month of the spring of the tenth year, Shang Shu's servant shot Ren Zi, shot Fang and his servant, and the history of Shangliang, Chen, Qi, Zhou and Sui Dynasties was hidden in the secret pavilion.

In the summer of June, nine-year-old Queen Shi fell ill in the hall. I was 18 years old, and I was sick in Shanhaiguan pass and Hedong, so I ordered the doctor to treat me with drugs.

In the summer and April of the eleventh year, Bing Yin called Hebei and Huainan as filial idleness. Confucianism should be accessible and can be taught; Beautiful words can only be written; If you know the political system clearly, you can appoint people: those who are determined to build and those who are pushed by the countryside will be sent to Luoyang Palace.

In February of the 12th year, Jia Zi and Yelang rebelled, and Kuizhou Prefecture made peace with Qi.

/kloc-In the summer of 0/3, Shen Jia, Ashina organized an association to violate and punish the Royal Camp.

In February of 14th year, General Zuo and Princess Honghua of Huaiyang sent them to Tuguhun.

In the spring of the fifteenth year, Ding Chou, a minister of rites, and Wang Daozong of Jiangxia sent Princess Wencheng back to Tubo.

In December of the sixteenth year, Chen Jia worked in Lishan, when it was freezing and the war was in turmoil. If you want to give up your punishment and are afraid of losing your military orders, you should go back to the valley to avoid it. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, North Korean minister Gai Suwen killed his king Gao Wu, and Wu Li's younger brother hid and became king.

In the spring of 17th year, General Youwei and Liu Lan, the prefect of Daizhou, rebelled and beheaded. In March, the satrap swam and killed Chang Shiquan, Wan Ji and Wei Wenzhen, the imperial army. According to qi zhou's self-control, Li Ji, the minister of Ministry of War, and Liu Dewei, the minister of punishments, all sent troops to ask for it.

In the summer of April, the Crown Prince was found guilty and was abolished as Shu Ren. Yuan Chang of Hanwang and Shang Houhou of the official department sat side by side with Lian and overthrew him.

On October 4th, Fang resumed his post.

In November of the eighteenth year, Gengzi appointed Prince Zhan and Ying Gong as the chief officers of Liaodong Road, and went out of Liucheng, where he served as the minister of rites and the deputy envoy of Wang Daozong of Jiangxia County. Shangshu, the minister of punishments, and Xi 'an, the duke of Yun Guo, were the chief officers of Pyongyang Road. They left Laizhou with their sailors, but Chang He, the left leader, and Zuo DuDu, Luzhou, were hardly the deputy officers. Send the world army, raise 100 thousand, and stop Pyongyang from cutting Korea. In December, it was ugly, but Shu Ren died.

/kloc-in the spring and February of 0/9, Geng Xu was sent to Luoyang by the Sixth Army of Shang Qin.

In June, Chen Bing went to Anshi City. Ding Si and Gao Li sent Gao Yanshou and Gao Pai150,000 soldiers to Anshi to refuse. In autumn and July, he entered Ancheng, and in September, he served as monitor.

In December, Liu Yue, a footman from Shizhong and Qingyuan, died of sin.

In March of 20 years, it was ugly, and the minister of punishments, Zheng Guogong and Xi' an rebelled and punished them.

In the summer and April of the 21st year, the Hall of Supreme Harmony was built at the south end of the terminal and changed to Cuiwei Hall.

In February 2002, Cui, assistant minister of Zhongshu, was removed from the list and sent to Zhangzhou. Yihai, fortunately Yuhua Palace.

Gengzi in May, Fang Tu asked Rona's wife to make life-prolonging medicine at Jinbiaomen.

1 1 month, the Reform Movement of 1898, the uprising of Mei, Qiong and Ya, and the right general Liang Sum.

In April of the 23rd year, the wind collapsed in the temple, at the age of 52. The posthumous edict of the Crown Prince is located in front of the coffin, so it is appropriate to subdue the funeral with Han.

Mitchell said: "Guan Wendi, a minister, is very successful and smart in SHEN WOO." . Pulling people out is not personal to the party, but passive ambition is to do our best. Therefore, the enemy is willing to fall in love with him; Ma Zhou and Liu Yue, estranged from each other, died and appointed Jun Heng. Finally, I thank you. Try to talk about: the foundation moistens the clouds, and the insects sing and jump. Although Yao Shun is a saint, he can't compare with Qiong Qi. Yi and Lv Zhixian can't make a fortune for peace. When the monarch and the minister were killed, their eyes were gouged out, and the ants were weak, and the good was different from the value. With the house and Wei, they have more hills and caves, so they can respect the Lord and protect the people. Or, what if you and the sages of Emperor Taizong lost their love for Kundi and their education for other scholars? Yue: Of course, Shun can't treat the four deadly sins well, Yao can't cultivate them, and he will learn from them. When Shen Yao ascended the throne as emperor and retired after his success, what can we do besides fear and coercion to care about the rise of collapse and change, so as to avoid the disaster of "destroying the nest" and avoid the rumor of "measuring cloth" Father can't move a fool who has done this. If Huang Wen decides to store it in Zhesi, he will not yearn for North Korea; As at the beginning of Zhenguan, it is acceptable compared with Kevin·Z. Kuang Fazhou and Zhou Chengzhi are hereditary, but I have a legacy; He is more ashamed of virtue than the grandeur of Chinese and martial arts. I won't be confused, but I've been good at this for a thousand years. Just one person!

Zan: Chang,, a door with three saints. Wen sets a high position, but friends don't make it. Guan, Cai, Cheng and Kang Daozheng. The wind of Zhenguan sings today.

five

In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the territory was empty, and the rule of large areas was not consolidated. Large areas of land are deserts. Large areas in southern China are still undeveloped areas, and few people live there. The population of the early Tang Dynasty was more than 30 million, and more than half of them lived in Guanzhong and Henan. Desert wasteland and urban farmland are both land, can they be the same? Can the land in Shanghai be the same as that in Gansu? Therefore, the real territorial purity of the Song Dynasty was several times stronger than that of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the re-formation of the Song Dynasty, there was a little congenital deficiency. The so-called barbarians around them no longer stay in the nomadic era, but are only satisfied with the plundered primitive tribal alliance, but the real equivalent regime. Liao and Xixia were both highly developed feudal countries. Corruption in the Tang Dynasty made horses scarce in the Central Plains. The horses in the Central Plains were probably eaten by hungry people, right? The ancient war horses were equivalent to the tanks of today's generation, so that the "China" army had no "tanks". Whose fault is this? The western regions and other places are only the military influence areas of the Tang Dynasty. In the official history, they are called "Jimi" and "The north wind rolls to mow the grass, and eight In the snow crosses the Tatar sky". This is a poem written by Qin Shen Tianbao when he was a judge of the North Court in Anxi for eight years. The great poet Li Bai "Hu Guan spared the sandstorm, but Xiao Suo died." When the trees fall, the grass falls, and the mountains look at Rong Lu. Abandoned cities are empty and deserted, and border towns are completely blocked. Bones covered with frost, cragginess covered with hazel. Excuse me, who abused the tomb? The arrogance of heaven is terrible. He was angry with me, and he worked hard for the drums. Yang loves to kill, and it kills Sao zhongtu. 360,000 people, crying like rain. If you are sad, you can work and you will have a farm! If you don't see the garrison, I'm afraid the mountain will be bitter. Lee is not here, and someone is feeding the jackal. "Can the meanings of' Hu Tian',' Hu Guan' and' Fan Zhen' be equal to' Middle-earth Datang'? By the Tang Dynasty, no one had assimilated it into the Tang Dynasty. People in the Tang Dynasty knew that it was different from the real territory. The Tang Dynasty did not have the power to expand outward, nor did the central part of China in the middle of the Tang Dynasty build well. How can there be any reason to run to or enter the barren land? Because the edge of the desert is not as good as the land of Datang in China. " There is not a town for 3,000 miles, and there is nothing but a camp, until the heavy sky joins the vast desert in the snow. "Since ancient times, the desert border, the weather is bad. People from the Middle-earth Datang will not move there, and there is no household registration management and no effective taxation. Even the Tang people know that it is different from the real territory. If those were the Middle-earth Tang Dynasty, where did more than 4,000 foreign envoys from Chang 'an and Li Cheng in the prosperous Tang Dynasty come from? It turns out that most of the foreigners came from the western regions, which shows the real control scope and real territory of the Tang Dynasty. Don't flatter yourself now, use the modern concept of sovereignty. Without the reclamation of the Qing dynasty, it would be no use establishing more "buffer towns" in the western regions in the early Tang Dynasty. Because by the middle of the Tang Dynasty, not only the Western Regions initiated by the Han and Sui Dynasties fell, but also the places in Northeast China, Hebei, Shanxi, Yunnan and Sichuan were given to foreigners. The modern territory of China inherited the wealth of the Qing Dynasty. If today's China inherited the territory of the Tang Dynasty, then China is really too small ... The real control area of the incompetent government in the Tang Dynasty was not as large as that in the Southern Song Dynasty most of the time.

How big was the territory of the Tang Dynasty? Some shameless historians and scholars like to commit adultery, completely ignoring historical facts, and regard the land of Tubo, Nanzhao, Qidan, Bohai Sea, Western Regions and other countries described as the territory of the Tang Dynasty. There are three ethnic groups in East Asia who don't know how to respect history. One is Japanese, the other is Korean, and the third is China. Turkic, Tubo, Qidan, Bohai, Uighur, Nanzhao, etc., both the New Book of the Tang Dynasty and the Old Book of the Tang Dynasty belong to the biographies of foreign countries, and their territory is not the territory of the Tang Dynasty at all. At present, some people in China confuse the territory of these barbarians into the territory of the Tang Dynasty. The territory of the Tang Dynasty painted online regardless of historical facts is everywhere! You can say that the Tang Dynasty was as part of China as Turkic, Tubo, Uighur, Khitan and Nanzhao, but you can't say that Turkic, Tubo, Uighur, Khitan and Nanzhao were all part of the Tang Dynasty. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty: "In the Tang Dynasty, barbarians flourished and declined, and four people tried to compete with China, including Turks, Tubo, Uighurs and Yunnan". China in the Tang Dynasty was at least The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and the Tang Dynasty could not represent China at all. "Between the sui and tang dynasties, turks is the biggest. Then there are Tubo and Uighur forces. On the occasion of the Five Dynasties, the famous China was seventeen or eighteen years old, and Qidan was the most prosperous. " At that time, in the Tang Dynasty, there were many domestic political forces, and all the forces were fighting for hegemony.

When the Tang Dynasty was strong, it was also a time when Tubo was unified and powerful. The territory of Tubo is much larger than that of Tibet now. Similarly, Nanzhao is now much bigger than Yunnan. Tubo and Nanzhao were definitely not part of the Tang Dynasty. They are definitely different countries from the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Gaozong period, in 670 AD (the first year of Xianxiang), Tubo sent troops to destroy Tuguhun, a vassal state of the Tang Dynasty, and four towns in the western regions of the Tang Dynasty (Guizi, Yutian, Yanqi and Shule) were taken away by Tubo. Xue, a general of the Tang Dynasty, led an army of 65,438+10,000 to attack Tubo, and was defeated by Tubo troops in Dafeichuan, south of Qinghai Lake. In 678 AD (the third year of Yifeng), the Tang Dynasty minister Li rate10.8 million troops fought with the Tubo army in Qinghai, and Tang Jun was defeated again. Until 692 AD (the first year of Ruyi) when Wu Zetian, it was up to women to recapture the territory. Tang Jun was defeated by Tubo many times. Even the Tang dynasty couldn't beat Tubo. What is the strength of Tibet after a thousand years of development? You will know what kind of level the strength of the Tang Dynasty is. In 696 AD (Long live the first year), 28 generals, including Cao, surrendered to the Khitan, and the whole army was destroyed, and all the generals became prisoners. Even the Khitan in the primitive stage couldn't beat it, let alone the later Liao Empire. In 75 1 year (the tenth year of Tianbao), 80,000 people from Tang Jun attacked Nanzhao. As a result, 60,000 people died in Tang Jun. In 754 (the thirteenth year of Tianbao), the Tang Dynasty sent 70,000 troops to attack Nanzhao, which was completely annihilated. China's armies in past dynasties were rarely defeated by the southern nationalities, and only the northern nationalities were often defeated. It can be seen that Tang Jun is incompetent. Datang is a disgrace to the people of China (Central Plains). It was precisely because the emperor of the Tang Dynasty could not handle the invasion of foreign enemies that he set up a buffer region. Hebei Fanzhen was established to defend the Khitan, Xi and other nationalities. Later, in the Tang dynasty, literature was more important than martial arts, so barbarians could only be used. That's why An Lushan was reused, and An Lushan couldn't beat the Khitan. After the defeat, I saw that the Tang Dynasty was filthy and corrupt, and I began to oppose it. Eventually led to the Anshi Rebellion. At this time, the fighting capacity of the Khitan people of a single nationality was not the same as that of the Liao country composed of many nationalities in the future. Although An Lushan defeated the Khitan, which was still in the primitive stage, it was more than enough to deal with the weak Tang Dynasty. Is it immoral to say that the Tang Dynasty was the most prosperous dynasty in the history of China?

Turks are primitive tribes without cities. Although they occupy a large area, they are mostly undeveloped deserts, which means that these lands have no territorial nature. Most of them belong to the natural environment, and whoever owns them belongs to them. Even where the Tang Dynasty hit, it only represented the occupation of a point, not a surface. The ancient concept of territory is different from the modern one. There is "public land" (like the high seas), that is, the land does not belong to anyone. For example, the establishment of a military administrative region in the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty does not mean that Chang 'an and the Western Regions are the territories of the Tang Dynasty. It can't be said that the place where the troops of the Tang Dynasty have been is the territory of China. Otherwise, the Han and Sui Dynasties were so powerful, why didn't they go abroad to fight? The reason why the Han, Tang and Sui Dynasties were powerful was that, like the United States now, they shut out the enemy and established military administrative zones on foreign land (as the United States is doing in Iraq now).

Did the Tang Dynasty destroy the Turks? Only a few decades later, the Turkic khanate was re-established, and the Mongolian Plateau no longer belonged to the Jimi area of the Tang Dynasty. "China Kangqiao Liaoxi Xia Jin Yuan" "At the end of the 7th century, Tang's control over the border areas weakened. From the early years of Emperor Gaozong, from Tarim Basin to North Korea, Tang Jun across Asia gradually retreated and took the defensive. ..... Around 680, the Turks became powerful again and began to rebuild the grassland hegemony. Tang's attempt to conquer Korea ended in fiasco, and a new country-Zhen (later renamed Bohai) appeared in the northeast. " Since the Tianbao period, the northern Uighur desert replaced the Turks, and after Nanzhao rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, Yunnan was unified. Marginal counties and cities have also been largely cancelled or moved inward. In 676 AD, the capital of Anton moved to Liaodong, and the Tang Dynasty abandoned most of the northeast. Beyond the northeast, Bohai Kingdom rose, with five capitals, fifteen states and sixty-two states, east to the Pacific Ocean, north to Heishui, south to Silla, and west to Qidan and Liaodong in the Tang Dynasty. The Songhua River and Heilongjiang River basins in the northeast of China are Mohong, Xi and Shiwei provinces. In addition to Kimi Prefecture, there are Puzi Department and Jinyue Department in southwest Yunnan. Southwest China did not restore the old frontier of Han dynasty, but only owned a small piece of northern Yunnan. Before the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the controlled area of stability was only over 5 million square kilometers, which was smaller than that in the Western Han Dynasty. Even smaller after Anshi. Historians have so far dared not draw a large part of the territory really controlled by the Tang Dynasty, only fooling with the territory that Tang Jun had reached in the previous decade.

The emperor of the Tang Dynasty left the poor people and fled in a hurry. The number of times the emperor fled the capital was a record of China and even the world. This is a shameful act and a disgrace to China. Reading as a Mirror: "The Emperor's escape from bandits began in Xuanzong. Its descendants, Germany and Nuo, went out and died and came back ... The son of heaven has it, and the hope of the world is also there. The former lost its way, causing it to escape, which is really not a gentleman; And the subjects in the world attach great importance to it and regard its survival as the future; Stick to a city, die or be humiliated by bandits. As a result, the bandits gained power, and if the people in the world lost their heads, the four sects followed their servants. " 22 History Note: "Xuanzong avoided Lushan Mountain and had a trip to Chengdu; Daizong avoided Tubo and had a trip to Shaanxi; Dezong avoided Shi Jing and went to Fengtian and Yang Liang. He lived in Chengdu, Xingyuan and Fengxiang, to Shacheng and Huazhou, and was robbed of Yu Fengxiang and moved to Luo. Chang 'an has been a county since then. "In 756 AD (the fifteenth year of Tianbao), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Sichuan, and Chang 'an was captured by the rebels. In 763 (the first year of Guangde), Tang Daizong fled to Shanzhou, and Chang 'an was captured by the Tubo army. In 783, Tang Dezong fled to Fengtian, and Chang 'an was captured by rebels in Jingyuan. In 88 1 year (the first year of Guangming), Tang Xizong fled to Sichuan, and Chang 'an was captured by Huang Chao army. In 895 (two years), he fled to Shacheng, and Chang 'an was occupied by Li and Wang Xingyu. In 90 1 year (the year of recovery), he was kidnapped to Fengxiang city by eunuchs such as Han and others. In 904 (the first year), Tang Zhaozong was forced to move to Luoyang by Zhu Wen, King of Liang, and was killed. Chang 'an was in ruins and was no longer the capital of China. Chang 'an and Luoyang, two magnificent and miraculous cities built in the Sui Dynasty, were in ruins in the hands of the Tang Dynasty.